Iithegi ezingakumbi ze-RFID ze-RFID tag god!
Ukususela ekupapashweni Phantse iminyaka eyi-7 idlulile. Kwezi , inani elikhulu leethegi ze-RFID kunye namakhadi ahlakaniphile aqokelelwe kwiipokotho zam: amakhadi akhuselekileyo (umzekelo, iimvume okanye amakhadi ebhanki), ukudlula kwe-ski, ukudlula kwezithuthi zikawonkewonke, ngaphandle kokuba kwezinye iNetherlands akunakwenzeka ukuhlala ngaphandle, emva koko enye into. .
Ngokubanzi, lixesha lokulungisa yonke le menagerie inikezelwe kwi KDPV. Kuluhlu olutsha lwamanqaku malunga ne-RFID kunye namakhadi ahlakaniphile, ndiya kuqhubeka nebali elide malunga nemarike, iteknoloji kunye nesakhiwo sangaphakathi sokwenene. micro-iichips, ngaphandle kokuba ubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla abunakucingelwa, ukuqala kulawulo lokujikeleza kwempahla (umzekelo, ) kwaye iphele ngokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo eziphakamileyo. Ukongezelela, ngeli xesha abadlali abatsha (umzekelo, isiTshayina) beza ebhodini, ngaphezu kokukhathala ekufanele sithethe ngazo.
Njengesiqhelo, ibali liya kwahlulwa libe ngamacandelo anomxholo, endiya kuwuthumela ngokwamandla am, amandla am kunye nokufikelela kwizixhobo.
I ngcaciso
Ke, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuba amanqaku okuvula kum yayikukuqhubekeka komdlalo wam wokusebenza nge-electron microscopy kunye nokusika. emva ngo-2012. IN Ithiyori yokusebenza kweethegi zeRFID yaphononongwa ngokufutshane, kwaye uninzi lweethegi eziqhelekileyo nezikhoyo ngelo xesha zavulwa zaza zachithwa.
Kukho incinci enokuthi yongezwe kweli nqaku namhlanje: i-3 (4) efanayo imigangatho eqhelekileyo LF (120-150 kHz), HF (13.65 MHz - uninzi lweethegi zisebenza kolu luhlu), UHF (enyanisweni, kukho iindidi ezimbini zefrikhwensi 433 kunye ne-866 MHz), ezilandelwa yi ; imigaqo efanayo yokusebenza - ukukhuthaza unikezelo lwamandla kwitshiphu ngamaza erediyo kunye nokusetyenzwa komqondiso ongenayo kunye nemveliso yolwazi ukubuyisela kumamkeli.
Ngokubanzi, ithegi yeRFID ijongeka ngolu hlobo: i-substrate, i-eriyali, kunye netshiphu ngokwayo.
Tag-it evela Texas Instruments
Nangona kunjalo, "umhlaba" wokusebenzisa ezi thegi kubomi bemihla ngemihla utshintshe kakhulu.
Ukuba ngo-2012 NFC () yayiyinto engaqhelekanga kwi-smartphone, eyayingacacanga ukuba inokusetyenziswa njani kwaye phi. Kwaye izigebenga ezifana Sony, umzekelo, ngenkuthalo kukhuthazwa NFC kunye RFID njengendlela yokudibanisa izixhobo (isithethi ukusuka Sony Xperia yokuqala, leyo ngomlingo idibanisa ngokuchukumisa ifowuni - Wowu! Umxholo owothusayo!) kwaye utshintshe amazwe (umzekelo, weza ekhaya, waswayipha kwithegi, ifowuni yavula isandi, ixhunywe kwi-WiFi, njl.), leyo, ngokombono wam, yayingathandwa kakhulu.
Ke ngo-2019, ngamavila kuphela angasebenzisi amakhadi angenazingcingo (eseyi-NFC enye, ngokubanzi), iifowuni ezinamakhadi abonakalayo (udade wethu, xa etshintsha ifowuni yakhe, wafuna ngenkani i-NFC kuyo) kunye nolunye βululaβ lobomi obusekwe. kule teknoloji. I-RFID ibe yinxalenye yobomi bethu bemihla ngemihla: iibhasi ezilahlayo, amakhadi okufikelela kwiiofisi ezininzi kunye nezinye izakhiwo, i-mini-wallets ngaphakathi kwemibutho (efana ne ) "kunye nokunye, njalo njalo, njalo njalo."
Enyanisweni, kungenxa yoko kukho inani elikhulu leethegi, nganye ofuna ukuyivula kwaye ubone oko kufihliweyo ngaphakathi: i-chip kabani efakwe? ikhuselwe? luhlobo luni lwe-eriyali?
Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala ...
Yaba zezi ziqwenga zincinci zesilicon ezenza umhlaba wethu ngendlela esiwazi ngayo namhlanje.
Amagama ambalwa malunga nokuvula iithegi
Makhe ndikukhumbuze ukuba ukuze ufike kwi-chip ngokwayo, kufuneka udibanise imveliso usebenzisa i-reagents yeekhemikhali. Umzekelo, susa iqokobhe (ngokuqhelekileyo ikhadi okanye ithegi yeplastiki engqukuva ene-eriyali ngaphakathi), qhawula ngononophelo i-chip kwi-eriyali, hlamba i-chip ngokwayo kwiglue / insulator, ngamanye amaxesha susa iinxalenye ze-eriyali ezithengiswa ngokuqinileyo kwiipads zoqhagamshelwano. , kwaye kuphela emva koko ubone i-chip kunye nesakhiwo sayo.
Ukuphelisa inkqubo yimvakalelo enzima
Izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukunyusela iitshiphusi zenze uphuculo olumangalisayo kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, oku kwandisa ukuthembeka kwe-chip attachment kunye nokunciphisa inani leziphene; kwelinye icala, ukubilisa nje kwi-acetone okanye i-asidi yesulfuric egxininisiweyo ukunyibilikisa okanye ukutshisa izinto eziphilayo ngoku akuyi kuyihlamba itshiphu. Kuya kufuneka ufumane ubuchwephesha, khetha umxube wee-asidi ukuze ususe iileyile ezingafunekiyo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye ungonakalisi i-motor flame kwi-metalization ye-chip.
Ubunzima be-deprocessing: xa iglue evela kwi-chip ayikwazi ukuhlanjwa phantsi kwayo nayiphi na imeko ... Apha nangaphezulu LM - imicroscope laser, OM β imakroskopu yamehlo
Okanye njalo...
Ngamanye amaxesha, ewe, unethamsanqa ngakumbi kwaye i-chip, kunye ne-insulating layer, ibonakala icocekile, engachaphazeli kakhulu umgangatho womfanekiso:
NB: I-acids egxininisiweyo kunye ne-solvents kufuneka iphathwe kwindawo enomoya, okanye ngokukhethekileyo ngaphandle! Sukuzama oku ekhaya ekhitshini!
Inxalenye esebenzayo
Njengoko sele ndiphawulile ekuqaleni kwenqaku, inxalenye nganye iya kubonisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo okanye iithegi ezininzi: izithuthi (izithuthi zikawonkewonke kunye nokudlula kwe-ski), ekhuselekileyo (ikakhulukazi amakhadi ahlakaniphile), "imihla ngemihla" njalo njalo.
Masiqale namhlanje ngezona thegi zilula ezifumaneka phantse kuyo yonke indawo. Masibabize ngokuba "iithegi zemihla ngemihla" kuba ungazifumana phantse yonke indawo: ukusuka kwinombolo yomdyarho ukuya kwinkomfa kunye nokuhanjiswa kwempahla.
Amanqaku axutyushwa kweli nqaku abalaseliswa kumgca wamachaphaza ablowu
Uluhlu olude lweethegi ze-UHF
Abafundi abaninzi bakaHabr badlala kwaye bayayithanda imidlalo. Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, kuye kwakho umkhwa wokuthatha inxaxheba kwimidyarho eyahlukeneyo, isiqingatha semarathoni kunye neembaleki. Ngamanye amaxesha ngenxa yembasa .
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngaphambi kokuqala komsitho, inani lomthathi-nxaxheba likhutshwa ngokufakwa kwamagwebu amancinci emacaleni, emva koko - ukoyikeka kwethegi ye-RFID efihliweyo ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ukuba balumke xa bethatha inxaxheba kolu hlobo yesiganeko! Hayi ncma. Ekubeni isiqalo sobunzima sisetyenziselwa ukhuphiswano olunjalo, kuyimfuneko ukubeka ixesha lomthathi-nxaxheba ngamnye ukusuka kumzuzu wokuwela umgca wokuqala ukuya ekugqibeleni. Ukugijima kwisakhelo esikhethekileyo ngendlela yokuqalisa nokugqiba amasango, umthathi-nxaxheba ngamnye uqala kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, umisa isitophuwashi esingabonakaliyo.
Amanqaku ajongeka ngolu hlobo:
Njengoko uqheliselo lubonisile, naseSwitzerland kukho ubuncinci iithegi ezimbini ezisetyenziswa kwimisitho yoluntu. Ziyahluke zombini kwii-eriyali (ngokwesiqhelo, zincinci kwaye zibanzi) kunye noyilo lwe-chip. Enyanisweni, kuzo zombini iimeko i-chip eqhelekileyo kakhulu, ngaphandle kokukhusela, ngaphandle kweentsimbi kunye neempempe kwaye, ngokucacileyo, imemori encinci. Kwaye, njengoko kubonisiwe, kwakhona kulo menzi - .
Kunzima kum ukugweba ukuba kukho nantoni na erekhodiweyo kwitshiphu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba isebenzela ukuchongwa. Ukuba uyazi ngakumbi, bhala kwizimvo!
I-IMPINJ chip kunye ne-eriyali ebanzi
Le thegi sele ibonisiwe . Unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nethegi ye-Monza R6 kumenzi waseMelika i-IMPINJ .
I-LM (ekhohlo) kunye ne-OM (ekunene) imifanekiso kwi-50x yokukhulisa.
Ungakhuphela umfanekiso weHD
Elinye ixesha lokulandelela libukeka lincinci ngakumbi kune-chip ye-Monza R6, kwaye akukho zimpawu kwi-chip, ngoko kunzima ukuthelekisa ezi zimbini.
"UFO" chip evela "ongaziwayo" umenzi
Njengoko kwavela ngexesha lokudansa ngetamborini ejikeleze le chip: umenzi uyafana - IMPINJ, kunye negama lekhowudi ye-chip yi-Monza 4. Unokufumana okungakumbi
I-LM (ekhohlo) kunye ne-OM (ekunene) imifanekiso kwi-50x yokukhulisa.
Ungakhuphela umfanekiso weHD
Ithegi yentsimi ekufutshane kwezothutho kunye nolungiselelo
Masiqhubele phambili, iithegi zeRFID zisetyenziswa ngempumelelo kuthutho kunye nolungiselelo lwe-automated/semi-automated accounting yempahla.
Ke, umzekelo, xa ndiyalela iiglasi zikaRayBan, ithegi yeRFID efanayo yafakwa ngaphakathi kwebhokisi. I-chip iphawulwe njenge-SL3S1204V1D ukusuka kwi-2014 kwaye yenziwe yi-NXP.
Obunye ubunzima bokusebenza ngeRFID yanamhlanje kukuhlamba itshiphu kwiglu kunye nokugquma...
Ulwazi olukwileyibhile lunokufundwa . Ileyibhile iklasi/umgangatho - I-RFID. Ngendlela, ekupheleni koxwebhu kuyahlekisa ukubukela ilogi yenguqu, ebonisa ngokuyinxenye inkqubo yokuzisa ithegi kwimarike. Izicelo ziquka ulawulo lwe-inventri kwiivenkile kunye nefashoni. Ngoko ke, kwixesha elizayo xa uthenga into ebiza kakhulu (i-$ 200 +), jonga ngakumbi, mhlawumbi uya kufumana uphawu olufanayo.
I-LM (ekhohlo) kunye ne-OM (ekunene) imifanekiso kwi-50x yokukhulisa.
IHD yagqiba ekubeni ingayenzi...
Omnye umzekelo yenye ibhokisi (nangona andikhumbuli ukuba ndiyifumene phi), eyayineleyibhile "yemveliso" enamathele ngaphakathi.
Ngelishwa, andizange ndifumane amaxwebhu ale chip, kodwa kukho i-pdf kwiwebhusayithi ye-NXP . Itshiphu yenziwe ngokomgangatho we-EPC G2iL(+) kwaye kuyabonakala ukuba inokhuseleko lwe-alam ye-tamper. Isebenza kuqala, ukwaphula nje i-OUT-VDD jumper ibangela iflegi kwaye ileyibhile ingasebenzi.
Nantoni na eyongeza? Bhala kwizimvo!
I-LM (ekhohlo) kunye ne-OM (ekunene) imifanekiso kwi-50x yokukhulisa.
Ungakhuphela umfanekiso weHD
Iinkomfa kunye nemiboniso
Imeko eqhelekileyo yokusebenzisa i-RFID yokuchongwa ngokukhawuleza komntu ziibheji ezahlukeneyo kwiinkomfa, imiboniso kunye nezinye iziganeko. Kule meko, umthathi-nxaxheba akadingeki ukuba ashiye ikhadi lakhe leshishini okanye utshintshiselwano lwabafowunelwa ngendlela yendabuko ufuna nje ukuzisa ibheji kumfundi kwaye lonke ulwazi loqhagamshelwano luya kudluliselwa kwi-counterparty. Kwaye oku kukongeza kubhaliso lwemveli kunye nokungena kumboniso.
Ngaphakathi kwethegi endiyifumene emva komboniso wemboni ye-IMAC yayiyi-antenna ejikelezayo kunye ne-chip evela kwi-NXP MF0UL1VOC, ngamanye amazwi, isizukulwana esitsha se-MIFARE. Iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe zinokufunyanwa .
Omnye wemizekelo eqhelekileyo yokusetyenziswa kweebheji ezihlakaniphile kumboniso we-IMAC
I-LM (ekhohlo) kunye ne-OM (ekunene) imifanekiso kwi-50x yokukhulisa.
Ungakhuphela umfanekiso weHD
Ngendlela, kwabo bathanda ukujonga kungekuphela nje i-hardware, kodwa kunye nenxalenye yesofthiwe yethegi - ngezantsi ndiya kubonisa izikrini ezivela kwiprogram ye-NFC-Reader, apho unokubona uhlobo kunye neklasi yethegi, ubungakanani bememori, uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo, njl.
Itshiphu ekhuselekileyo ngokungalindelekanga
Ukuqukumbela, ndingathanda ukuqaphela inqaku lokugqibela eliza kuhlalutywa kwiqela lokuqala lamanqaku "emihla ngemihla". Ndiyifumene ngexesha lentsebenziswano nePrestigio. Injongo ephambili yethegi kukwenza isenzo sokuseta kwangaphambili, umzekelo, kwi-ecosystem yekhaya elihlakaniphile (vula izibane, qala ukudlala umculo, njl. njl.). Khawucinge nje ngokumangalisa kwam ukuba, okokuqala, ukuvula kwavela kumnandi kakhulu, kwaye, okwesibini, isimangaliso sasilindele ngaphakathi kwifom ye-chip ekhuselwe ngokupheleleyo.
Ewe, kuya kufuneka siyihlehlise kude kube lixesha elingcono, xa kufikwa kwiitshiphusi ezikhuselweyo - siya kubuyela kuyo. Ngendlela, nabani na onomdla wokufunda ngakumbi malunga namathuba okukhusela nokusebenzisa i-RFID kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi - ndincoma oku. .
Endaweni yesiphelo
Asigqitywanga "ngemihla ngemihla" iithegi; kwinxalenye yesibini, ihlabathi elimangalisayo le-RFID yaseTshayina kunye neetshiphusi zaseTshayina zisilindele. Hla umamele!
Ungalibali ukubhalisela : Akunzima kuwe - ndiyavuya!
Kwaye ewe, nceda ubhale kum malunga naziphi na iintsilelo eziqatshelwe kwisicatshulwa.
Ngabasebenzisi ababhalisiweyo kuphela abanokuthatha inxaxheba kuphando. , ndiyacela.
Ngokombono wakho, ngaba i-laser microscopy yongeza ulwazi oluthe kratya kwimicroscope yamehlo (ngaphezulu okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, imigca engacacanga kangako, umahluko ophezulu, njl.njl.)?
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ukuba
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akukho
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Kunzima ukuphendula
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Ndizinyosi
Bali-60 abasebenzisi abavotileyo. Abasebenzisi abasi-18 abakhange.
Ngaba kunengqiqo ukwenza indawo yokugcina imifanekiso ePatreon? Ngaba kukho umnqweno wokunceda ngemali enzima, kwaye ngokutshintshiselana ngeHD, iphepha lodonga le-4K kwi-desktop yakho, umzekelo?
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Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo
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Ewe, kodwa uluntu olunomdla lulinganiselwe kakhulu
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Akunakwenzeka ukuba nabani na abe nomdla
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Ngokuqinisekileyo akunjalo
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Ndizinyosi
Bali-60 abasebenzisi abavotileyo. Abasebenzisi abasi-17 abakhange.
umthombo: www.habr.com