Molweni, balandeli abathandekayo be-Intanethi yeZinto. Kweli nqaku, ndingathanda kwakhona ukuthetha malunga nezindlu kunye neenkonzo zoluntu kunye novavanyo lwezixhobo zokulinganisa.
Ngamaxesha ngamaxesha, umdlali olandelayo we-telecom uthetha malunga nokuba kungekudala uza kungena kule ntengiso kwaye atyumle wonke umntu ophantsi kwakhe. Ngalo lonke ixesha ndisiva amabali anje, ndiye ndicinge: "Bafo, ithamsanqa!"
Awazi nokuba uyaphi.
Ukuze uqonde ubungakanani bengxaki, ndiza kukuxelela ngokufutshane inxalenye encinci yamava ethu ekuphuhliseni iqonga leSixeko saseSmart. Loo nxalenye yayo inoxanduva lokuthumela.
Ingcamango ngokubanzi kunye nobunzima bokuqala
Ukuba singathethi malunga nezixhobo zokulinganisa iimitha, kodwa ezo ziphantsi, amagumbi ebhoyila kunye namashishini, ngoko uninzi lwazo ngoku luxhotyiswe ngemveliso ye-telemetric. Ukubetha kancinci rhoqo, rhoqo - RS-485/232 okanye i-Ethernet. Njengomthetho, ezona zixhobo ziluncedo kakhulu zokulinganisa iimitha zezo zibala ukushisa. Bakulungele ukuhlawula ukuthunyelwa kwabo kwindawo yokuqala.
Sele ndixoxe ngeenkcukacha ze-RS-485 kwinqaku lam. Ngamafutshane, olu lujongano lokudlulisa idatha. Ngokusisiseko, ezi yimfuneko kwiimpembelelo zombane kunye neentambo zonxibelelwano. Inkcazo yeepakethe ifika kwinqanaba eliphezulu, kumgangatho wokuhanjiswa kwedatha, osebenza phezulu kwe-RS-485. Kwaye luhlobo luni lomgangatho oluya kubakho lushiyelwe kumenzi. Rhoqo i-Modbus, kodwa ayifuni. Nokuba yiModbus, isenokuguqulwa ngandlelβ ithile.
Enyanisweni, imitha nganye idinga iskripthi sayo sophando, esinokuthi "sithethe" nayo kwaye siyigocagoce. Oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yokuthumela yiseti yeencwadi zeempendulo kwikhawuntara nganye. Uvimba weenkcukacha apho konke oku kugcinwa khona. Kwaye ujongano oluthile lomsebenzisi apho anokuvelisa ingxelo ayifunayo.
Kubonakala kulula. Umtyholi, njengesiqhelo, usezinkcukacha.
Masiqale ngenxalenye yokuqala.
Izikripthi
Zibhalwa njani? Ewe, ngokucacileyo, thenga isixhobo sokulinganisa iimitha, cinga ngayo, funda ukunxibelelana nayo kwaye uyidibanise kwiqonga eliqhelekileyo.
Ngelishwa, esi sisombululo siya kugubungela kuphela inxalenye yeemfuno zethu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-counter ethandwayo inezizukulwana ezininzi, kwaye iskripthi kwisizukulwana ngasinye sinokwahluka. Ngamanye amaxesha kancinci, ngamanye amaxesha kakhulu. Xa uthenga into, ufumana isizukulwana samva nje. Umrhumi kunokwenzeka ukuba abe nento endala. Ayisathengiswa ezivenkileni. Kwaye umrhumi akayi kutshintsha iyunithi yokulinganisa.
Yiyo ke ingxaki yokuqala. Ukubhala izikripthi ezinjalo yindibaniselwano enzima yabaphuhlisi besoftware kunye neenjineli "emhlabeni". Sithenge isizukulwana samva nje, sabhala ithemplate yokuqala emva koko siyilungisa kwizixhobo zokwenyani. Akunakwenzeka ukwenza oku kwibhubhoratri, kuphela ngelixa usebenza nababhalisi abaphilayo.
Kwasithatha ixesha elininzi ukwenza inyanda enjalo. I-algorithm ngoku yenziwe. Iitemplates zokuqala bezisoloko zihlengahlengiswa kwaye zongezwa, kuxhomekeke kwinto esiye sadibana nayo kwimisebenzi yethu. Ngokuqinisekileyo, umrhumi waxwayiswa ukuba ngokukhawuleza imitha yakhe yajika yaba "incinci" encinci. Xa isixhobo esinjalo sibonakala, sidityaniswe ngokweskimu esisemgangathweni kwaye iskripthi sophando silungiswa endleleni. Ngexesha lokudibanisa, umrhumi usebenza mahhala. Uxelelwe ukuba ngoku uhlala kwimo yovavanyo. Inkqubo yokudibanisa ngokwayo yinto engalindelekanga. Ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka wenze izilungiso ezincinci. Kungakho inkqubo entsonkothileyo ebandakanya ukuya kwisiza, ukuhlambulula uncwadi kunye nokoyisa ngokulandelelana iharika.
Umsebenzi awulula, kodwa unokusombulula. Isiphumo sisikripthi esisebenzayo. Ubukhulu bethala leencwadi, ubomi bulula.
Ingxaki yesibini.
Amakhadi oqhagamshelwano lweteknoloji
Ukwenza uqonde ubunzima balo msebenzi, ndiya kunika umzekelo. Makhe sithathe imitha yobushushu ethandwa kakhulu VKT-7.
Igama ngokwalo alisixeleli nto. I-VKT-7 inezisombululo ezininzi zentsimbi. Loluphi uhlobo lojongano enalo ngaphakathi?
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhetha. Kusenokubakho iphini kwibhloko eqhelekileyo yeDB-9 (le yiRS-232). Inokuba nje ibhloko terminal kunye RS-485 abafowunelwa. Mhlawumbi nekhadi lomnatha kunye ne-RJ-45 (kule meko i-ModBus ifakwe kwi-Ethernet).
Okanye mhlawumbi akukho nto. Isixhobo nje sokulinganisa iimitha esingenanto. Ungafaka imveliso yojongano kuyo; ithengiswa ngokwahlukeneyo ngumenzi kwaye ibiza imali. Ingxaki ephambili kukuba ukuyifaka kufuneka uvule imitha kwaye uphule izitywina. Oko kukuthi, umbutho wokubonelela ngezibonelelo ubandakanyiwe kule nkqubo. Ukwaziswa ukuba izitywina ziya kuphulwa, usuku lubekwe kwaye injineli yethu, phambi kommeli wemithombo, yenza uhlengahlengiso oluyimfuneko, emva koko imitha itywinwe kwakhona.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwi-interface efakiweyo, uhlengahlengiso olongezelelweyo lwenziwa. Ngokomzekelo, sagqiba ekubeni sidibanise imitha ngocingo. Olu lolona khetho lulula, ukuba iswitshi yethu iphakathi kweemitha ezili-100, ngoko ke ukujongana ne-LoRa akufuneki. Kulula ukuqhagamshela intambo kwinethiwekhi yethu, kwiVLAN ekwanti.
Kwi-RS-485/232 udinga isiguquli kwi-Ethernet. Abaninzi baya kukhumbula ngokukhawuleza i-MOHA, kodwa iyabiza. Kwizisombululo zethu, sikhethe isisombululo saseTshayina esingabizi kakhulu.
Ukuba imveliso i-Ethernet ngokuthe ngqo, ngoko umguquli awufunwa.
Umbuzo. Masithi sizifakela i-interface output ngokwethu. Ngaba unokwenza ubomi bakho bube lula kwaye ngokukhawuleza ufake i-Ethernet kuyo yonke indawo?
Oku akusoloko kusenzeka. Kufuneka sijonge uyilo lomzimba. Isenokungabi nawo umngxuma ofunekayo ukuze ujongano lulingane kakuhle. Makhe ndikukhumbuze ukuba ikhawuntara ikwigumbi elingaphantsi kwethu. Okanye kwigumbi lebhoyila. Kukho ukufuma okuphezulu apho, itywina alinakwaphulwa. Ukugqiba umzimba ngefayile yinto embi. Kungcono ukufakela into ekuqaleni ayifuni utshintsho olukhulu. Ngokufuthi i-RS-485 ikuphela kwendlela yokuphuma.
Ngokubhekele phaya. Ngaba imitha iqhagamshelwe kumandla aqinisekisiweyo? Ukuba akunjalo, ngoko isebenza ngamandla ebhetri. Kule ndlela, yenzelwe ukuvota ngesandla kanye ngenyanga imizuzu emithathu. Ukufikelela rhoqo kwi-VKT-7 kuya kukhupha ibhetri yayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka unikeze amandla aqinisekisiweyo kwaye ufake i-voltage converter.
Imodyuli yamandla yahlukile kumenzi ngamnye weemitha. Oku kunokuba yiyunithi kaloliwe yeDIN yangaphandle okanye isiguquli esakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Kuyavela ukuba indawo yethu yokugcina kufuneka ihlale igcina isethi yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokujonga kunye neemodyuli zamandla kwimitha nganye. Uluhlu olukhoyo luyamangalisa.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, konke oku kuya kuhlawulwa ekugqibeleni ngumbhalisi. Kodwa akayi kulinda inyanga ukuba isixhobo esifanelekileyo sifike. Kwaye ufuna uqikelelo loqhagamshelwano apha kwaye ngoku. Ngoko ugcino lwetekhnoloji luwela emagxeni ethu.
Yonke into endiyichazile ijika ibe yimephu ecacileyo yonxibelelwano lobugcisa, ukuze iinjineli zasekhaya zingacingi malunga nokuba luhlobo luni lwerhamncwa abadibana nalo kumgangatho ophantsi olandelayo kunye nento abayidingayo ukuze isebenze.
Imephu yobugcisa ikufuphi nemigaqo ngokubanzi yokudibanisa. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, akwanelanga ukubandakanya imitha kuthungelwano lwethu; sisafuna ukuncamathisela iVLAN efanayo kwizibuko lokutshintsha, kufuneka senze uxilongo, kwaye senze uvavanyo lovavanyo. Sizama ukwenza yonke inkqubo ngokuzenzekelayo kangangoko sinakho ukuze siphephe iimpazamo kwaye singabandakanyi iinjineli ezingeyomfuneko.
Kulungile, sabhala iimephu zobugcisa, imimiselo, i-automation. Siye saseka amalungiselelo.
Kuphi na apho kukho imigibe efihliweyo?
Idatha ifundwa kwaye igalelwe kwisiseko sedatha.
La manani enza umrhumi angashushu kwaye angabandi. Ufuna ingxelo. Ngokukhethekileyo kwifom ayiqhelileyo. Kungcono ngakumbi ukuba ngoko nangoko ikwimo yengxelo anokuyiqonda, anokuyiprinta, ayisayine aze ayingenise. Oku kuthetha ukuba sifuna i-interface elula neqondakalayo ebonisa ulwazi kwimitha kwaye inokuvelisa ngokuzenzekelayo ingxelo.
Nanku umyezo wethu wezilwanyana uqhubeka. Inyaniso kukuba kukho iifom ezininzi zeengxelo. Kwisiseko sabo, zibonakalisa into efanayo (ubushushu obusetyenzisiweyo), kodwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Abanye ababhalisi banika ingxelo ngamaxabiso apheleleyo (oko kukuthi, kwikholamu yokusetyenziswa kobushushu, amaxabiso abhalwa ukusuka kufakelo lwemitha), abanye kwi-deltas (oku kuxa sibhala ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide ngaphandle kokubhekisa amaxabiso okuqala). Enyanisweni, abayisebenzisi imigangatho efanayo, kodwa izenzo ezimiselweyo. Kukho iimeko xa ababhalisi bebona onke amaxabiso abawadingayo (ubungakanani bobushushu obusetyenzisiweyo, umthamo wokupholisa onikezelweyo kunye nokukhutshwa, umahluko wobushushu), kodwa iikholamu kwingxelo azikho kulandelelwano oluchanekileyo.
Ngoko ke inyathelo elilandelayo - ingxelo kufuneka ibe customizable. Oko kukuthi, umrhumi ngokwakhe ukhetha oko kuhamba ngokulandelelana kwaye zeziphi izixhobo ezikuxwebhu lwakhe.
Kukho inqaku elinomdla apha. Yonke into ilungile ukuba imitha yethu ifakwe ngokuchanekileyo. Kodwa kwenzeka ukuba inkampani yokufakela, xa ifaka i-ITP, yenza iphutha kwaye ibeka ngokungalunganga ixesha lomitha. Siye sadibana nezixhobo ezicinga ukuba ngu-2010. Kwinkqubo yethu, oku kuya kujongeka njengokufundwa kweqanda kulo mhla wangoku, kunye nokusetyenziswa kokwenyani ukuba sikhetha u-2010. Deltas ziluncedo kakhulu apha. Oko kukuthi, sithi kuninzi okwenzekileyo kwezi yure ziyi-XNUMX zidlulileyo.
Kubonakala ngathi, kutheni ubunzima obunjalo? Ngaba kunzima kakhulu ukujezisa iwotshi yakho?
Ngokuchanekileyo nge-VKT-7 oku kuya kukhokelela ekusetweni ngokutsha kwekhawuntari kunye nokususwa kweendawo ezigcina iinkcukacha kuyo.
Umrhumi uya kunyanzeliswa ukuba abonise kumagosa ovimba ukuba ufake i-ITP kungekhona izolo, kodwa kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo.
Kwaye ekugqibeleni, i-icing kwikhekhe.
Sekiso
Sinemitha kunye nengxelo. Phakathi kwabo kukho inkqubo yethu, eyenza le ngxelo. Uyamkholelwa?
Ndiyavuma. Kodwa sinokubonisa njani ukuba akukho nto iguqukayo ngaphakathi kuthi, ukuba asiyigqwethi intsingiselo. Oku sele kungumba woqinisekiso. Inkqubo yophando kufuneka ibe nesatifikethi esiqinisekisa ukungakhethi buso kwayo. Zonke iinkqubo ezinkulu, ezifana LERS, Ya Energetik kunye nezinye zinesatifikethi esifanayo. Siphinde sayifumana, nangona ibiza kwaye ithatha ixesha elininzi.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, unokuhlala usika ikona kwaye uthenge into esele ilungile. Kodwa umphuhlisi kuya kufuneka ahlawulele oku. Kwaye umphuhlisi unokubuza kungekuphela nje umrhumo wokungena, kodwa kunye nomrhumo wokubhalisa. Oko kukuthi, siya kunyanzelwa ukuba sabelane naye inxalenye yepayi yethu.
Kutheni kukho konke?
Oku akuyongxaki iphambili. Ukuphuhlisa inkqubo yakho nako kubiza kakhulu kwaye kunzima kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, inika inzuzo ebalulekileyo. Siyiqonda ngokucacileyo indlela esebenza ngayo. Siyilinganisa ngokulula, sinokuyilungisa ukuba imfuno enjalo ivela ngequbuliso. Umrhumi ufumana inkonzo epheleleyo ngakumbi, kwaye kwicala lethu, i-XNUMX% yokulawula inkqubo.
Yiyo loo nto sikhethe indlela yesibini. Sityale unyaka wobomi babaphuhlisi bethu kunye neenjineli zentsimi kuyo. Kodwa ngoku sikuqonda ngokucacileyo ukusebenza kwalo lonke ikhonkco.
Ukujonga emva, ndiyaqonda ukuba ngaphandle kolwazi olufunyenweyo, ngekhe ndikwazi ukutolika ngokuchanekileyo ukuziphatha okungaqhelekanga kwekhawuntari ethile.
Ukongeza, into engaphezulu inokwakhiwa ngesiseko senkqubo yokuthumela. Iialamu zokusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo, ingxelo yengozi. Silungiselela ukukhulula isicelo esiphathwayo kungekudala.
Siye saya phambili kwaye songeza kwiqonga lethu (ayikho enye indlela yokulibiza) ukukwazi ukufumana izicelo kubahlali, ukukwazi ukulawula "ii-intercoms zethu ezihlakaniphile," ukulawula ukukhanya kwesitrato, kunye nezinye iiprojekthi ezininzi endingazibhalanga. malunga nangoku.
Konke oku kunzima, kophula ingqondo kwaye kuthatha ixesha. Kodwa umphumo ufanelekile. Ababhalisi bafumana imveliso esele yenziwe, ebanzi.
Wonke umsebenzisi oceba ukungena kwicandelo lezindlu kunye neenkonzo zoluntu ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuthatha le ndlela. Ngaba iya kudlula?
Nanku umbuzo. Ayithethi nangemali. Njengoko ndibhale ngasentla, into efunekayo apha kukudibanisa umsebenzi wentsimi kunye nophuhliso. Ayingabo bonke abadlali abakhulu abasetyenziswayo koku. Ukuba abaphuhlisi bakho bahlala eMoscow, kwaye unxibelelwano lwenziwa eNovosibirsk, ngoko ixesha lakho lemveliso egqityiweyo landiswa kakhulu.
Ixesha liya kuxela ukuba ngubani oza kuhlala kule marike, kwaye ngubani oya kuthi - kuhle, ukuya esihogweni! Kodwa inye into endiyaziyo ngokuqinisekileyo kukuba awuyi kukwazi ukuza kwaye uthathe isabelo sentengiso ngemali kuphela. Le nkqubo idinga iindlela ezingaqhelekanga, iinjineli ezilungileyo, ukukhangela kubalawuli, ukunxibelelana namagosa obutyebi kunye nababhalisi, ukuchonga rhoqo kunye nokunqoba iingxaki.
PS Kule nqaku ndigxininise ngamabomu ekushiseni kwaye andizange ndikhankanye umbane okanye amanzi. Ndikwachaza uqhagamshelo lwentambo. Ukuba sinesiphumo se-pulse, kukho ama-nuances athile, afana nokuhlolwa okunyanzelekileyo emva kofakelo. Kungenzeka ukuba ucingo alunakufikelelwa, emva koko i-LoRaWAN iza kudlala. Akukho ngqiqweni ukuchaza iqonga lethu lonke kunye nezigaba zophuhliso lwalo kwinqaku elinye.
umthombo: www.habr.com