Kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo sachitha : bakha igumbi, abalizalisa ngezixhobo ezihlakaniphile kwaye basungula usasazo lwe-YouTube kulo. Abadlali banokulawula izixhobo ze-IoT kwiwebhusayithi yomdlalo; Injongo yayikukufumana isixhobo esifihliweyo kwigumbi (i-laser pointer enamandla), yiqhekeze kwaye ibangele isiphaluka esifutshane kwigumbi.
Ukongeza kwisenzo, sibeka i-shredder kwigumbi, apho silayishe i-ruble ye-200: i-shredder idla ibhilidi enye ngeyure. Emva kokuphumelela umdlalo, unokumisa i-shredder kwaye uthathe yonke imali eseleyo.
Sesitshilo , kwakunye iprojekthi. Lixesha lokuthetha nge-hardware kunye nendlela ehlanganiswe ngayo.
Kwakukho izicelo ezininzi zokubonisa umzuzu wokucoca igumbi - sibonisa indlela esiwahlula ngayo
I-Hardware Architecture: Ulawulo lwegumbi
Saqala ukuyila isisombululo se-hardware xa imeko sele iqondwa ngokucacileyo, i-backend yayilungile, kwaye sinegumbi elingenanto elilungele ukufaka izixhobo.
Ukukhumbula iqhula elidala "I-S kwi-IoT imele uKhuseleko" ("Unobumba u-S kwisifinyezo se-IoT umele uKhuseleko"), sigqibe kwelokuba ngeli xesha abadlali abakwimeko yomdlalo banxibelelana kuphela nesiphelo sangaphambili kunye nesiphelo sasemva. yesiza, kodwa ungafumani ithuba lokuya ngqo kwintsimbi.
Oku kwenziwa ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko kunye nomboniso wento eyenzekayo kwisikrini: ngokufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-hardware ngabadlali, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukwahlula izenzo ezikhuselekileyo nezinokuba yingozi, umzekelo, ukuskrola ngokukhawuleza kwe-shredder okanye ukulawula. i-pyrotechnics.
Ngaphambi kokuqala uyilo, saqulunqa imigaqo emininzi yokulawula izixhobo zokudlala, eziye zaba sisiseko soyilo:
Musa ukusebenzisa izisombululo ezingenazingcingo
Indawo yonke yokudlala ikwisakhelo esinye, ikona nganye ekunokufikelelwa kuyo. Kwakungekho mfuneko yokwenyani yoqhagamshelo olungenazingcingo kwaye babeza kuba yenye indawo yokusilela.
Musa ukusebenzisa naziphi na izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zasekhaya
Ikakhulu ngenxa yokuguquguquka ngokwezifiso. Kucacile ukuba singenza ngokwezifiso iinguqulelo ezininzi zeebhokisi zeenkqubo zasekhaya ezihlakaniphile kunye nolawulo olwenziwayo kunye nolawulo lomsebenzi wethu, kodwa iindleko zabasebenzi ziya kuthelekiswa nokudala isisombululo sakho esilula.
Ukongezelela, kwakuyimfuneko ukuza nezixhobo eziza kubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba ngabadlali abatshintshe imeko yayo: bayivula / bayicima okanye bafake ukukhanya okucacileyo kwiileta FALCON.
Siqokelele zonke izinto kwihardware efumaneka esidlangalaleni enokuthengwa kwiivenkile eziqhelekileyo zikanomathotholo: phakathi kokuhambisa ipizza kunye ne-cola yokutya, iikhuriya zeChip kunye neDip kunye noLeroy besiza rhoqo kwindawo.
Ukukhetha ukudibanisa yonke into ngokwethu kwenziwe lula ukulungisa iimpazamo, ukulinganisa, nangona kunjalo, kufuna inkathalo enkulu ngexesha lofakelo.
Zonke iilayidi kunye ne-arudin akufanele zibonakale kwisakhelo
Sagqiba ekubeni sizise zonke izinto ezilawulwayo kwindawo enye kwaye sizifihle emva kwemifanekiso ukuze sikwazi ukubeka iliso ekusebenzeni kwazo kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukukhasa ngokucophelela kuluhlu lokubonakala kwekhamera kwaye utshintshe iyunithi engaphumeleli.
Ekugqibeleni, yonke into yayifihliwe phantsi kwetafile, kwaye ikhamera yafakwa ukuze kungabikho nto ibonakala ngaphantsi kwetafile. Le yayiyindawo yethu βeyimfamaβ yokuba injineli ichwechwele phezulu
Ngenxa yoko, sifumene isixhobo esinye esilumkileyo: sifumene imeko yecandelo ngalinye ukusuka ngasemva kwaye satshintsha ngomyalelo ofanelekileyo.
Ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga i-hardware, esi sixhobo silawula izinto ezi-6:
- Izibane zetafile ezininzi, zinesimo sokuvula / ukucima kwaye zilawulwa ngabadlali
- Iileta eludongeni, zinokutshintsha umbala wazo ngokomyalelo wabadlali
- Iifeni ezijikelezayo kwaye zivule itshati xa umncedisi ephantsi komthwalo
- ILaser ilawulwa ngePWM
- Shredder abatye imali ngeshedyuli
- Umatshini womsi oye waphuma phambi kokuba i-laser idutyulwe
Ukuvavanya umatshini womsi ngelaser
Kamva, kongezwa ukukhanya kwesiteji, okwakumi emva kwesakhelo kwaye kwalawulwa ngokuthe ngqo njengezibane ezivela kwindawo 1. Ukukhanya kwesiteji kwasebenza kwiimeko ezimbini: kwakhanyisa i-laser xa amandla asetyenziswa kuyo, kwaye ikhanyisa ubunzima phambi kokukhanya. i-laser yasungulwa kwimodi yokulwa.
Sasiyintoni esi sixhobo?
Kuyo yonke indlela, uYura, umfana wethu we-hardware, uzame ukungazixabisi izinto kwaye eze nesona sisombululo silula, sincinci.
Kwakucingelwa ukuba i-VPS iya kuqhuba nje iskripthi esifumana i-json kunye nesimo sezixhobo kwaye siyithumele kwi-Arduino eqhagamshelwe nge-USB.
Iqhagamshelwe kumazibuko:
- Iirelay ezili-16 eziqhelekileyo (yayingabo benza ingxolo ecofayo eyaviwa kwividiyo. Sizikhethe ikakhulu ngenxa yesi sandi)
- I-4 i-slid state relays ukulawula amajelo e-PWM, njengabalandeli,
- imveliso eyahlukileyo ye-PWM yelaser
- imveliso eyenza umqondiso kumgca we-LED
Nanku umzekelo womyalelo we-json oweza kwi-relay evela kumncedisi
{"power":false,"speed":0,"period":null,"deviceIdentifier":"FAN"}Kwaye lo ngumzekelo womsebenzi apho umyalelo wafika e-Arudino
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
request = json.loads(body.decode("utf-8"))
print(request, end="n")
send_to_serial(body)Ukulandelela ixesha apho i-laser itshisa ekugqibeleni ngentambo kwaye ubunzima bubhabha kwi-aquarium, senze iqhosha elincinci elathi laqaliswa xa ubunzima buwa kwaye lanika umqondiso kwinkqubo.
Iqhosha lokujonga ukuhamba kobunzima
Ngolu phawu, iibhombu zomsi ezenziwe ngeebhola ze-ping-pong bekufanele zikhanyise. Sifake i-4 imisi yomsi ngokuthe ngqo kwi-server ye-server kwaye idibanise kunye nentambo ye-nichrome, eyayifanele ishushu kwaye isebenze njengefuse.
Izindlu ezineebhombu zomsi kunye negarland yaseTshayina
Arduino
Ngokwesicwangciso sokuqala, izenzo ezimbini zenzeke kwi-Arduino.
Okokuqala, xa isicelo esitsha samkelwayo, isicelo sacalulwa kusetyenziswa ithala leencwadi leArduinoJson. Okulandelayo, isixhobo ngasinye esilawulwayo sathelekiswa neempawu zaso ezimbini:
- amandla amandla "kwi" okanye "cima" (imeko eqhelekileyo)
- ixesha apho isixhobo sivuliwe - ixesha kwi-microseconds ukusuka ekuqaleni kwebhodi, xa ilixesha lokuyicima, oko kukuthi, ukuzisa urhulumente kumgangatho.
Ixesha lokugqibela ibekwe xa ifumana iparameter ehambelanayo kwi-JSON, kodwa ayikwazanga ukuhanjiswa, ngoko ixabiso lalimiselwe ku-0 kwaye akukho phinda lusetyenziswe.
Isenzo sesibini esenziwa yiArduino yonke imijikelo yayihlaziywa amazwe, oko kukuthi, ukujonga ukuba kukho imfuneko yokuvula into okanye ukuba lixesha lokucima nasiphi na isixhobo.
Isalathisi seLaser - iMegatron 3000 efanayo
Le yi-LSMVR450-3000MF ye-3000mW 450nm ye-manual ye-laser yokusika kunye nemodyuli yokumakisha.
Iileta Falcon
Zenziwe ngokulula kakhulu - sikhuphela nje oonobumba kwilogo, sizinqumle kwikhadibhodi, emva koko sizigqume ngeteyiphu ye-LED. Kule meko, kwafuneka ndithengise amaqhekeza e-tape kunye, abafowunelwa aba-4 kumthungo ngamnye, kodwa umphumo wawufanelekile. Umva wethu uPasha wabonisa imimangaliso yobuchule, wenza oko ngaphantsi kweeyure ezimbalwa.
Iimvavanyo zokuqala zesixhobo se-iot kunye nokugqiba
Senza iimvavanyo zokuqala kwaye kwangaxeshanye kwafika imisebenzi emitsha kuthi. Inyaniso kukuba phakathi kwenkqubo, umvelisi wefilimu yokwenene kunye nekhamera evela kwi-VGIK, u-Ilya Serov, wajoyina iqela - wakha isakhelo, wongeza ukukhanya kwe-cinema eyongezelelweyo kwaye watshintsha kancinane iskripthi somdlalo ukwenza isicwangciso seemvakalelo ngakumbi, kwaye umfanekiso uchukumisa ngakumbi kwaye unethiyetha.
Oku kwandisa kakhulu umgangatho, kodwa izinto zavela ezifuna ukudityaniswa kwi-relay kunye ne-algorithm yokusebenza emiselweyo.
Enye ingxaki yayiyilaser: senze imifuniselo emininzi ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zentambo kunye neelases zamagunya ahlukeneyo. Kuvavanyo, savele saxhoma ubunzima ngokuthe nkqo entanjeni.
Xa uqhuba ngethokheni yokuvavanya, amandla alawulwa nge-PWM ayengaphantsi kwe-10% kwaye awazange awonakalise intambo kunye nokuvezwa kwexesha elide.
Kwimowudi yokulwa, i-laser yayingagxininisi malunga nendawo enobubanzi obuyi-10 mm kwaye yatshiswa ngokuzithemba ngentambo enomthwalo osuka kumgama omalunga nemitha.
Ngoko i-laser yasebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kwiimvavanyo
Xa saqala ukuvavanya yonke into kanye kwigumbi kubunzima obunqunyanyisiweyo, kwavela ukuba ukukhusela i-laser ngokukhuselekileyo kwakungekho lula. Emva koko, xa intambo ivutha, iyanyibilika, yolule kwaye ihambe ngaphandle kokugxila kwayo kwasekuqaleni.
Kodwa ayizange isebenze ngolo hlobo: intambo yatshintsha
U-Ilya wahambisa i-laser ekupheleni kwegumbi elijongene nentambo ukwenzela ukuba i-laser beam ihambe ngaphesheya kwesiteji kwaye ibonakale intle kwisakhelo, ephindwe kabini umgama.
Emva kokuqhuba ezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi ngokutshisa intambo esele sisedabini, sagqiba ekubeni singathuthumbisi ikamva kwaye sikhusele ukusika intambo usebenzisa ucingo lwe-nichrome. Yatshabalalisa intambo ye-120 imizuzwana emva kokuvula i-laser kwimodi yokulwa. Sagqiba ekubeni i-hardcode le nto, kunye nokuqhawulwa kocingo kunye nokuvutha kweebhomu zomsi xa ukudibanisa ukuhlukana kubangelwa, ngokuthe ngqo kwi-hardware ye-microcontroller.
Umsonto owathi ekugqibeleni watshisa intambo ngaphandle kwesikrini
Ngaloo ndlela, umsebenzi wesithathu wavela ukuba i-Arduino yasombulula - ukwenza ulandelelwano oluhambelana nokuphunyezwa kwale miyalelo.
Siphinde sagqiba ukunika iArduino isidingo sokubala imali kwiTV kwaye iqhube i-shredder. Ekuqaleni, kwakucingelwa ukuba i-backend iya kwenza oku kwaye ibhalansi yangoku iya kubonakala kwiwebhusayithi, kwaye kwiTV siza kubonisa izimvo ezivela kuYouTube njengento eyongezelelweyo edibeneyo, ukuxelela ababukeli ukuba iziganeko zegumbi zenzeka ngokwenene. ixesha.
Kodwa ngexesha lokuvavanya, u-Ilya wajonga indawo kwaye wacebisa ukubonisa ibhalansi yomdlalo kwisikrini esikhulu kunazo zonke: ingakanani imali esele, ingakanani idliwe, kunye nokubala ukuya kwisiqalo esilandelayo se-shredder.
Sibophe iArduino kwixesha langoku: yonke iyure epheleleyo i-shredder yaqalwa. Umfanekiso uboniswe kwiTV usebenzisa i-rasberry, leyo ngelo xesha yayisele ifumana izicelo ezivela kumncedisi kwaye ithumela kwi-arduino ukuze iqhutywe. Imifanekiso enezalathi zemali izotywe ngokufowunela i-console utility fim into enje
image = subprocess.Popen(["fim", "-q", "-r", "1920Γ1080", fim_str]), Π³Π΄Π΅ fim_str
Kwaye kwasekwa ngokusekelwe kwisixa okanye ixesha elifunekayo.
Senze imifanekiso kwangethuba: sithathe nje ividiyo esele ilungile enexesha kwaye sathumela ngaphandle kwemifanekiso engama-200.
Le yi-mechanics eyamiselwa emnqamlezweni. Ngexesha lokubala kokugqibela kuqalisa, sonke saya kwindawo, sazixhobisa ngezicimi-mlilo sahlala phantsi ukuze silinde umlilo (owawusele uguqukile kuphela ekungavisisani)
Indlela yokwenza usasazo olusebenza ngeveki: ukukhetha ikhamera
Kwiphulo, besidinga usasazo oluqhubekayo kuYouTube kangangeentsuku ezisi-7-yiloo nto kanye esiyibeke njengobude bexesha lomdlalo. Kwakukho izinto ezimbini ezazinokusithintela:
- Ukugqithiswa kwekhamera ngenxa yokusebenza okuqhubekayo
- Ukuphela kwe-Intanethi
Ikhamera bekufuneka ibonelele ubuncinci umfanekiso ogcweleyo weHD ukwenza ukudlala kunye nokubukela igumbi kamnandi.
Ekuqaleni, siye sajonga kwiiwebcams eziveliswe kwi-streamers. Sasicutha uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, ngoko sasingafuni ukuthenga ikhamera, kodwa, njengoko kwavelayo, abayiqeshi. Ngelo xesha, safumana ngokumangalisayo ikhamera ye-Xbox Kinect elele endlwini yam, yayifaka kwigumbi lam kwaye yaqalisa ukusasazwa kovavanyo ngeveki.
Ikhamera yasebenza kakuhle kwaye ayizange idlulele, kodwa u-Ilya wakhawuleza wabona ukuba ayinakho izicwangciso, ngokukodwa kwakungenakwenzeka ukuseta ukubonakaliswa.
U-Ilya wazama ukuzisa uhlobo losasazo kufutshane nemigangatho yokuveliswa kwefilimu kunye nevidiyo: ukuhambisa indawo yokukhanya eguqukayo enemithombo yokukhanya eqaqambileyo, imvelaphi emnyama kunye nezinto kwisakhelo. Kwangaxeshanye, bendifuna ukugcina ukucaciswa komfanekiso kokubini kumanqaku aphezulu kunye nezithunzi, kunye nengxolo encinci yedijithali.
Ngoko ke, nangona i-Kinect ibonakalise ukuba inokwethenjelwa kwiimvavanyo kwaye ayizange ifune ikhadi lokubamba ividiyo (enye indawo yokungaphumeleli), sagqiba ekubeni siyilahle. Emva kweentsuku ezintathu zokuvavanya iikhamera ezahlukeneyo, u-Ilya wakhetha i-Sony FDR-AX53 - ikhamera encinci, ethembekileyo engabizi ukuyirenta, kodwa kwangaxeshanye inokuthembeka okwaneleyo kunye neempawu ezibonakalayo.
Saqasha ikhamera, sayivula iveki kunye nekhadi lokuthwebula ividiyo, kwaye saqonda ukuba ngayo sinokuthembela ekusasazeni okuqhubekayo kulo lonke iphulo.
Ukwenza imuvi: ukwenza iqonga kunye nokukhanyisa
Ukusebenza ekukhanyeni kufuna ubabalo oluthile; kwafuneka sakhe amanqaku okukhanyisa ngeendlela ezincinci:
1. Ukukhanya kwezinto xa abadlali bezifumana (i-laser, ubunzima), kunye nokukhanya okuqhubekayo kwi-shredder. Apha sasebenzisa i-dedolight 150 - izixhobo zokukhanyisa ifilimu ezinokwethenjelwa kunye ne-compact ezinezibane ze-halogen eziphantsi kwe-voltage, ezikuvumela ukuba ugxininise umqadi kwinto ethile ngaphandle kokuchaphazela imvelaphi kunye nezinye izinto.
2. Ukukhanya okusebenzayo okudlalayo - isibane setafile, isibane somgangatho, inkwenkwezi, igarland. Konke ukukhanya okusebenzayo kwasasazwa ngokuhambelanayo kwisakhelo sokukhanyisa indawo yomfanekiso, kwakukho izibane ze-LED ezinokushisa kombala we-3200K ngaphakathi, isibane esisesibaneni somgangatho sasigqunywe ngesihluzo esibomvu se-Rosco ukwenza umbala ongaqhelekanga.
Ndiyi-engineer kumama okanye uqalwa ngomso
Sigcine njani i-intanethi kunye nombane
Baye basondela kumbandela wokunyamezela iimpazamo phantse njengakwiziko ledatha: bagqiba ekubeni bangaphambuki kwimigaqo esisiseko kwaye bagcinwe ngokwenkqubo eqhelekileyo ye-N + 1.
Ukuba usasazo kwi-YouTube luyayeka, oku kuthetha ukuba akuyi kwenzeka ukuphinda udibanise usebenzisa ikhonkco elifanayo kwaye uqhubeke nomjelo. Yayilixesha elinzima, yaye igumbi lalikwiofisi eqhelekileyo.
Kule nto sisebenzise i-OpenWRT-based router kunye nephakheji ye-mwan3. Ivavanye ngokuzenzekelayo ukufumaneka kweshaneli yonke imizuzwana ye-5 kwaye, xa kwenzeka ikhefu, itshintshela kwimodem yokugcina kunye neYota. Ngenxa yoko, ukutshintshela kwitshaneli yogcino kwenzeka ngaphantsi komzuzu.
Kwakhona kwakubaluleke ngokulinganayo ukuphelisa ukuphela kombane, kuba nokunyuka kwamandla kwexesha elifutshane kuya kubangela ukuqaliswa kwazo zonke iikhompyutha.
Ke ngoko, sithathe i-ippon innova g2 3000 unikezelo lwamandla olungaphazamisekiyo, oluya kuxhasa zonke izixhobo zokudlala: ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ewonke enkqubo yethu bekujikeleze i-300 Watts. Ingathatha imizuzu engama-75, ngokwaneleyo kwiinjongo zethu.
Sigqibe kwelokuba sincame ukukhanya okongeziweyo ukuba kunokwenzeka umbane osegumbini ucime - ubungaqhagamshelwanga kumbane ongenakuphazamiseka.
Imibulelo
- Kwiqela lonke , owasungula waza wasebenzisa umdlalo.
- Ngokwahlukileyo, kubalawuli be-RUVDS, ukubeka iliso umsebenzi weeseva, umthwalo wamkelekile kwaye yonke into yasebenza njengesiqhelo.
- Kumphathi obalaseleyo Inyani yokuba ekuphenduleni umnxeba, "Ndinombono: siza kuthatha iseva, sibeke i-aquarium kuyo, kwaye sixhome ubunzima ngaphezu kwayo, i-boom, i-bang, yonke into izaliswe ngamanzi, isiphaluka esifutshane, umlilo. !" usoloko esithi βyenza!β
- Π‘ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎ kwaye ngokwahlukileyo kuMikhail Karpov ngenxa yokungadibanisi nje kuphela kunye nokusivumela ukuba siphule iMimiselo yokuSebenzisa, kodwa kwanokusinika i-akhawunti yeshishini unyaka xa sithetha ngeprojekthi.
- Ilya Serov ukujoyina kunye nokuba ngumvelisi weprojekthi, ukulungele ukukhasa isiqingatha sobusuku, ukudibanisa i-strip ye-LED, ukukhangela izisombululo zobugcisa kunye nokwenza yonke into ukuze sifumane i-movie yangempela.
- ngokuba uhlale ukulungele ukugcina imeko xa abanye baphosa izandla zabo, iborscht, inkxaso yokuziphatha kunye neencoko kude kube sekuseni.
- ngokusidibanisa neyona pentester ibalaseleyo elizweni, eyasicebisayo yasinceda ngemisebenzi.
- kwimveliso yevidiyo epholileyo yazo zonke iividiyo.
- ngenxa yesandla esiqinileyo nokuvuma ukusebenza kude kube sekupheleni.
- Kulungile phantse isoloko ishushu pizza.
Kwaye oyena mbulelo mkhulu uya kubadlali ngazo zonke iimvakalelo esiye sazifumana ngelixa ubhuqa ugqatso kangangeentsuku ezimbini ungalali kwaye uyeka nomsebenzi.
Amanye amanqaku malunga nokufuna ukutshabalalisa umncedisi
umthombo: www.habr.com