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Emva kweeholide zoNyaka oMtsha, siqalise kwakhona ilifu lobungqina bentlekele ngokusekelwe kwiindawo ezimbini. Namhlanje siza kukuxelela indlela esebenza ngayo kwaye sibonise okwenzekayo kumatshini wenyani wabathengi xa izinto zomntu ngamnye zeqela zisilela kwaye indawo yonke iyantlitheka (i-spoiler - yonke into ihamba kakuhle nabo).
Inkqubo yokugcina ilifu echasene nentlekele kwindawo ye-OST.
Yintoni ngaphakathi
Ngaphantsi kwe-hood, i-cluster ineeseva ze-Cisco UCS ezine-VMware ESXi hypervisor, ezimbini INFINIDAT InfiniBox F2240 iinkqubo zokugcina, izixhobo zenethiwekhi yeCisco Nexus, kunye nokutshintsha kwe-Brocade SAN. Iqela lihlukaniswe kwiindawo ezimbini - i-OST kunye ne-NORD, oko kukuthi iziko ngalinye ledatha lineseti efanayo yezixhobo. Eneneni, le yeyona nto ibangela ukuba ikwazi ukumelana neentlekele.
Kwisayithi enye, imiba ephambili nayo iphindiwe (inginginya, iiswitshi zeSAN, uthungelwano).
Ezi sayithi zimbini zidityaniswe ngeendlela ezizinikeleyo zefiber optic, nazo zigciniwe.
Amagama ambalwa malunga neenkqubo zokugcina. Sakhe inguqulelo yokuqala yelifu lobungqina bentlekele kwi-NetApp. Apha sikhethe INFINIDAT, kwaye nantsi isizathu:
- Ukhetho lokuphindaphinda olusebenzayo olusebenzayo. Ivumela umatshini wenyani ukuba uhlale usebenza nokuba enye yeenkqubo zokugcina zisilela ngokupheleleyo. Ndiza kukuxelela ngakumbi malunga nokuphindaphinda kamva.
- Abalawuli abathathu bedisk ukunyusa ukunyamezela impazamo yenkqubo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho ezimbini.
- Isisombululo esilungeleyo. Sifumene i-rack ehlanganiswe kwangaphambili efuna nje ukuqhagamshelwa kwinethiwekhi kwaye iqwalaselwe.
- Inkxaso yobugcisa enomdla. Iinjineli ze-INFINIDAT zihlala zihlalutya iilogi zenkqubo yokugcina kunye neziganeko, faka iinguqulelo ezintsha ze-firmware, kwaye uncedise ngokucwangcisa.
Nazi ezinye iifoto ukusuka ekukhupheni:
I sebenza njani
Ilifu sele liyakwazi ukunyamezela iimpazamo ngaphakathi kwalo. Ikhusela umxhasi kwi-hardware enye kunye nokusilela kwesoftware. Ukumelana nentlekele kuya kunceda ukukhusela ekungaphumeleni okukhulu kwisiza esinye: umzekelo, ukusilela kwenkqubo yokugcina (okanye iqela le-SDS, okwenzeka rhoqo π), iimpazamo ezinkulu kwinethiwekhi yokugcina, njl. Kulungile, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu: ilifu elinjalo ligcina xa isiza siphela singafikeleleki ngenxa yomlilo, ubumnyama, ukuhluthwa kwe-raider, okanye ukuhlaliswa kwangaphandle.
Kuzo zonke ezi meko, umatshini womthengi wenyani uyaqhubeka nokusebenza, kwaye nantsi isizathu.
Uyilo lweqela luyilwe ukuze nayiphi na inginginya ye-ESXi enoomatshini benyani yomxhasi inokufikelela kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo yogcino ezimbini. Ukuba inkqubo yokugcina kwindawo ye-OST ayiphumelelanga, oomatshini bokwenyani baya kuqhubeka nokusebenza: imikhosi esebenza kuyo iya kufikelela kwinkqubo yokugcina kwi-NORD yedatha.
Yile ndlela umzobo woqhagamshelo obonakala ngayo kwiqela.
Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokuba i-Inter-Switch Link iqwalaselwe phakathi kwamalaphu e-SAN kwezi sayithi zimbini: iFabric A OST SAN iswitshi iqhagamshelwe kwiFabric A NORD SAN switch, kwaye ngokufanayo neFabric B SAN switsha.
Ke, ukuze zonke ezi zinto zintsonkothileyo zemizi-mveliso ye-SAN zibe nengqiqo, uphindaphindo olusebenzayo olusebenzayo luqwalaselwe phakathi kweenkqubo ezimbini zokugcina: ulwazi luphantse lubhalwe ngaxeshanye kwiinkqubo zogcino lwasekhaya kunye nolukude, RPO = 0. Kuvela ukuba idatha yoqobo igcinwe kwinkqubo enye yokugcina, kwaye i-replica yayo igcinwe kwenye. Idatha iphinda iphindwe kwinqanaba lokugcinwa kwedatha, kwaye idatha ye-VM (iidiski zayo, ifayile yoqwalaselo, ifayile yokutshintsha, njl.) igcinwe kuzo.
Inginginya ye-ESXi ibona umthamo wokuqala kunye nekopi yayo njengesixhobo esinye sediski (Isixhobo soGcino). Kukho iindlela ezingama-24 ukusuka kwinginginya ye-ESXi ukuya kwisixhobo ngasinye sediski:
Iindlela ze-12 zidibanisa kwinkqubo yokugcina indawo (iindlela ezifanelekileyo), kunye ne-12 eseleyo kwisistim sokugcina esikude (iindlela ezingezizo). Kwimeko eqhelekileyo, i-ESXi ifikelela kwidatha kwinkqubo yokugcina yendawo isebenzisa iindlela "ezifanelekileyo". Xa le nkqubo yokugcina ingaphumeleli, i-ESXi ilahlekelwa iindlela ezifanelekileyo kwaye itshintshela "ezingalunganga" abo. Yile nto ikhangeleka ngayo kumzobo.
Isicwangciso seqela lokuthintela intlekele.
Zonke iinethiwekhi zabaxumi ziqhagamshelwe kuzo zombini iisayithi ngelaphu lenethiwekhi eqhelekileyo. Indawo nganye iqhuba i-Edge yoMboneleli (PE), apho amanethiwekhi omthengi apheliswa. Ii-PEs zidityanisiwe zibe yimbumba enye. Ukuba i-PE iyasilela kwindawo enye, zonke izithuthi zithunyelwa kwindawo yesibini. Enkosi koku, oomatshini benyani abavela kwisiza esishiywe ngaphandle kwePE bahlala befikeleleka kuthungelwano kumxhasi.
Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni koomatshini benyani abathengi ngexesha lokusilela okwahlukeneyo. Masiqale ngezona zikhetho zilula kwaye sigqibe ngeyona nto inzima - ukungaphumeleli kwendawo yonke. Kwimizekelo, iqonga eliphambili liya kuba yi-OST, kunye neplatifomu yokugcina, ene-replicas yedatha, iya kuba yi-NORD.
Kwenzeka ntoni kumatshini wenyani womxhasi ukuba...
Unxulumano lokuphindaphinda aluphumeleli. Ukuphindaphinda phakathi kweenkqubo zokugcina zeendawo ezimbini zokumisa.
I-ESXi iya kusebenza kuphela ngezixhobo zedisk yasekhaya (ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo).
Oomatshini benyani bayaqhubeka nokusebenza.
I-ISL (Inter-Switch Link) iyaphuka. Isiganeko esingalindelekanga. Ngaphandle kokuba i-excavator ephambeneyo igrumba iindlela ezininzi zamehlo ngaxeshanye, ezihamba ngeendlela ezizimeleyo kwaye ziziswe kwiziza ngamagalelo ahlukeneyo. Kodwa kunjalo. Kule meko, iinginginya ze-ESXi zilahlekelwa sisiqingatha seendlela kwaye zinokufikelela kuphela kwiinkqubo zabo zokugcina. Iikopi ziyaqokelelwa, kodwa ababuki zindwendwe abazukwazi ukufikelela kuzo.
Oomatshini bokwenene basebenza ngokwesiqhelo.
Ukutshintsha kweSAN kuyasilela kwenye yeziza. Inginginya ESXi ulahlekelwa ezinye iindlela ukuya kwinkqubo yokugcina. Kulo mzekelo, iinginginya kwindawo apho utshintsho lusileleyo luya kusebenza kuphela ngenye yee-HBA zabo.
Oomatshini benyani bayaqhubeka nokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo.
Zonke iiswitshi ze-SAN kwenye yeziza aziphumeleli. Masithi intlekele enjalo yenzeke kwindawo ye-OST. Kulo mzekelo, iinginginya ESXi kule sayithi uya kuphulukana zonke iindlela izixhobo zabo disk. Indlela eqhelekileyo ye-VMware vSphere HA iyangena: iyakuqala kwakhona bonke oomatshini benyani bendawo ye-OST e-NORD kubuninzi bemizuzwana ye-140.
Oomatshini benyani abasebenza kwinginginya zesayithi ye-NORD basebenza ngokwesiqhelo.
Inginginya ye-ESXi iyasilela kwindawo enye. Apha indlela ye-vSphere HA isebenza kwakhona: oomatshini benyani abasuka kumamkeli ongaphumelelanga baqalwa kwakhona kwezinye iinginginya - kwindawo enye okanye ekude. Ixesha lokuqalisa ngokutsha umatshini ukuya kuthi ga kwiminithi enye.
Ukuba zonke iinginginya ze-ESXi kwisiza se-OST ziyasilela, akukho zikhetho: i-VMs ziqalwa kwakhona kwenye. Ixesha lokuqalisa kwakhona liyafana.
Inkqubo yokugcina iyasilela kwindawo enye. Masithi inkqubo yokugcina iyasilela kwindawo ye-OST. Ke inginginya ESXi of OST site switsha ukusebenza kunye replicas yokugcina e NORD. Emva kokuba inkqubo yokugcina ayiphumelelanga ibuyela kwinkonzo, ukuphindaphinda ngenkani kuya kwenzeka kwaye i-ESXi OST inginginya iya kuqalisa kwakhona ukufikelela kwinkqubo yokugcina yendawo.
Oomatshini benyani bebesebenza ngokwesiqhelo lonke eli xesha.
Enye yeesayithi iyasilela. Kule meko, bonke oomatshini benyani baya kuqaliswa kwakhona kwindawo yogcino ngokusebenzisa i-vSphere HA mechanism. Ixesha lokuqalisa kwakhona i-VM yimizuzwana eyi-140. Kule meko, zonke izicwangciso zenethiwekhi zomatshini wenyani ziya kugcinwa, kwaye zihlala zifikeleleka kumxhasi phezu kwenethiwekhi.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuqalisa ngokutsha koomatshini kwindawo yogcino kuhamba kakuhle, indawo nganye izele sisiqingatha kuphela. Isiqingatha sesibini yindawo yokugcina xa bonke oomatshini benyani besuka kwindawo yesibini, eyonakeleyo.
Ilifu elimelana nentlekele elisekwe kumaziko amabini edatha likhusela ngokuchasene nokusilela okunjalo.
Olu lonwabo aluncinci, kuba, ngaphezu kwezixhobo eziphambili, indawo yokugcina iyadingeka kwisiza sesibini. Ngoko ke, iinkonzo ezibaluleke kakhulu zoshishino zifakwe kwilifu elinjalo, ixesha elide elibangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwemali kunye negama, okanye ukuba inkqubo yolwazi ixhomekeke kwiimfuno zokumelana neentlekele ezivela kubalawuli okanye kwimimiselo yenkampani yangaphakathi.
Imithombo:
umthombo: www.habr.com