Unyaka omtsha uqalile - lixesha lokwenza izicwangciso. Silindele ntoni kulo nyaka? Zeziphi iimveliso ezintsha kunye notshintsho ekufuneka uzilungiselele? Siqulunqe uqikelelo lwethu lweendlela eziphambili kunye notshintsho olunokwenzeka kwicandelo le-IT. Kwaye ekupheleni konyaka kuya kuba mnandi ukukhumbula kwaye uthelekise okulindelweyo namhlanje kunye nezibakala ezifeziweyo.
Ukuzenzekela kweenkqubo zokuphendula kwiziganeko zokhuseleko lolwazi
Ngo-2020, silindele uphuhliso olongezelelweyo lweenkqubo zokhuseleko lolwazi oluzenzekelayo. Okokuqala, kuya kuchaphazela iinkqubo zokuphendula kwiziganeko zokhuseleko lolwazi. Oku kuya kuba kukuqhuba okunengqiqo kwindlela yokudala iZiko leMisebenzi yoKhuseleko (SOC). Imibutho emininzi sele iphumeze iinkqubo zokuqokelela kunye nokulungelelanisa imicimbi (uLwazi lwezoKhuseleko kunye noLawulo lweMicimbi - i-SIEM), emele ingundoqo yezobuchwepheshe kumaziko anjalo. Ngoku ezi nkqubo ziqala ukufumana umsebenzi owongezelelweyo.
Ngokomzekelo, i-SOAR (i-Security Orchestration, i-Automation kunye ne-Response) izisombululo zeklasi zisetyenziselwa ukuzenzekelayo impendulo yesiganeko. Ngokudityaniswa kwabo kokuphela kunye neenkqubo zokhuseleko lolwazi, imisebenzi esemgangathweni ikhawuleziswa ngokuphindwe kalishumi, umzekelo, ukulayisha/ukukhuphela uluhlu lwemikhosi ethotyiweyo phakathi kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokhuseleko lolwazi.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, akunakwenzeka ukwenza ngokuzenzekelayo yonke inkqubo yokuphendula zombini kwimbono yobugcisa (ayizizo zonke izixhobo zokhuseleko ezine-API efanelekileyo kule nto) kwaye ukusuka kwindlela yokujonga indlela (imisebenzi emininzi ifuna ukuqwalaselwa okucatshangelwayo ngabahlalutyi), kodwa impendulo i-automation yindlela engafanelekanga yokhuseleko lolwazi kwi-2019-2020.
Ukukhuselwa kophuhliso kunye nophuhliso lwezixhobo zokhuseleko zokusingqongileyo zokugquma
Itekhnoloji yokukhusela imo yesikhongozeli iya kuqhubeka ifumana ukuthandwa. Oku kubangelwa ukuba kwimibutho emininzi, uphuhliso lwabaxhasi lwenziwa kwi-architecture ye-microservice, ehlala iguquka kwaye ifuna ukusetyenziswa kokukhusela okugqithisiweyo okunokusebenza kwinqanaba lenkqubo yokugcinwa kweekhonteyina. Kunye nendlela ethandwa kakhulu ye-DevSecOps, ukhuseleko olubanzi lophuhliso kunye nezixhobo zophuhliso yenye yeendlela eziphambili zika-2020.
Idatha enkulu
Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, iDatha enkulu ibe sisihloko esifashiniweyo-ishishini lonke lijonge kweli cala, lihlola amathuba obuchwepheshe. Ngenxa yoko, iiprojekthi zaqala ukuphumeza iDatha Lakes usebenzisa iDatha enkulu. Nangona kunjalo, iingenelo ezisebenzayo zoku ngokufuthi ziye zajika zaba ngaphantsi kunoko bekulindelwe. Idata engena echibini ikumgangatho ophantsi, ibubuxoki okanye ayihambelani nemisebenzi edalwe yona ichibi. Kwaye ngoku, ekugqibeleni, le ngxaki iye yacaca kuluntu jikelele.
Sinokuthi i-2020 iya kuba ngumnyaka wokulwa nokuhlambuluka kunye nomgangatho wedatha ngoncedo lwezixhobo ze-IT kunye nemilinganiselo yombutho. Ngelo xesha, ububanzi beDatha enkulu iya kuqhubeka nokuphuhlisa, kwaye isimo sengqondo malunga neteknoloji iya kuba yinto esebenzayo. Iya kuphunyezwa kwaye iphuhliswe ukusombulula iingxaki ezithile, kwaye hayi ngenxa yokuba isefashonini.
Ukusebenzisana kwabathengi kwiivenkile
Ukuba kulo lonke i-2019 ukuthengisa kusebenze kwi-omnichannel - ukusebenzisana nomxhasi ngokusebenzisa amajelo ahlukeneyo, okwenza ukuba onwabe ngakumbi kwaye yena ngokwakhe ucebile, ngoku eli candelo lijolise ekwakheni isicwangciso sexesha elide sokulawula amava abathengi (CX, amava oMthengi).
Ishishini liphinde lagxila ekufumaneni izikhewu phakathi kweemveliso / iinkonzo ezinikezelwayo kunye neemfuno zangempela zabathengi. Iinkampani zikulungele ukuphuhlisa iinkonzo kunye namajelo onxibelelwano awayefudula engaqhelekanga kwintengiso, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuphuculeni isalathiso somgudu wabathengi (CES, uMzamo woMthengi Score), kwaye kwixesha elide - kutshintsho olusemgangathweni kwishishini kunye nokwanda umthengi LTV.
Phuhliso
Uphuhliso lobuchwephesha bokuthwala kunye neenkonzo ezincinci kuyaqhubeka. Ukuba kwiminyaka edlulileyo bekukho iiprojekthi ezizimeleyo kuphela zisebenzisa obu buchwepheshe, nangona bukwiprofayili ephezulu, kulo nyaka iya kuba yinto eqhelekileyo.
Xa kuziwa kumthwalo ophezulu, iinkqubo zoshishino-ezibalulekileyo, iimfuno zokhuseleko, ukuthembeka, ukusebenza, ukuguquguquka kokutshintsha, kunye nokukhawuleza ukuthengisa uhlaziyo kuya kufuna uphuhliso, ukusebenza, ukhuseleko, ishishini, kunye ne-QA ukuze usebenze ngumntu omnye. iqela kunye nengqiqo enye ye-DevSecOps.
Ukufunda ngomatshini
Ukwamkelwa ngobuninzi bokufunda koomatshini kudla ngokuthintelwa ngamanyathelo ombutho ahamba kunye nenkqubo yokuphunyezwa. Kulapho utshintsho oluphambili luya kwenzeka.
Umceli mngeni ophambili wetekhnoloji ulungelelanisa ngokukhawuleza ukuguqula idatha. Indlela yokusebenza kunye nemodeli xa idatha yembali iphelelwe yisikhathi okanye uhlobo olutsha lwedatha luvele? Masithi umatshini omtsha onezinzwa ezintsha ufikile kwisityalo, urhwebo longeza udidi olutsha lwemveliso, njl. Ngoko ke, umzamo omkhulu uya kufakwa kumsebenzi wophando kwintsimi ye-AutoML kunye nokusebenza neenkcukacha zokwenziwa.
Smartsourcing
Kwiminyaka eliqela ngoku, imibutho emininzi emikhulu ibisiya ekuphuhliseni izisombululo ngokuzimeleyo, ibandakanya iikontraka kuphela kwisakhelo sokwandiswa kweqela kunye nokukhangela ngobuchule. Le ndlela, ukongeza kumandla awaziwayo, nayo ineziphene: ikontraki inoxanduva kuphela lomgangatho weengcali ezihlawulwe kwi-T&M logic, kwaye kwicala lombutho, inxalenye yolawulo yeqela inokuphazamiseka ngeminye imisebenzi kwaye ukuswela ezinye zezakhono. Oku kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweeprojekthi kwaye kufiphalisa uxanduva lweziphumo. Ngoku iingxaki sele zibonakala, lo mmandla sele uza kuba nenguqu. Kancinci, amaqela eekontraki aya kubelana ubuncinane inxalenye yoxanduva lweziphumo zokugqibela zeeprojekthi kwaye athathe inxaxheba ngakumbi kwiinkqubo zoshishino zombutho.
5G
Ihlabathi liphela lilindele ukuqaliswa kwehlabathi jikelele kothungelwano lwesizukulwana sesihlanu. Baza kubonelela ngesantya esiphezulu - ukuya kumashumi e-Gbit / s - kunye nokulibaziseka okuncinci kokuhanjiswa kwesignali, kwaye baya kutyhala uphuhliso lwe-IoT kunye noqhagamshelwano lomatshini ukuya kumatshini kuzo zonke izibonakaliso zayo.
Kwizixeko zaseRashiya ezinabemi abangaphezu kwesigidi, umgangatho omtsha wonxibelelwano lweselula ucetywe ukuba umiselwe ngo-2020. Ngokutsho koMphathiswa weTelecom kunye noNxibelelwano lweMisa, ubuncinci izixeko ezisibhozo zaseRussia ziya kubandakanywa. I-9 pilot 5G iindawo zenkxaso sele ziqalisiwe eMoscow.
Ngendlela, iimeko zokuqala eziphumeleleyo zokusebenzisa iteknoloji zibuyele kwi-2018, xa iMegaFon kunye neHuawei babonisa i-ultrasound ekude kunye neteknoloji yokulandelanisa i-genetic kwiinethiwekhi ze-5G. Kwaye ngo-2019, itumente yokuqala ye-5G eSports yenzeka- kwaye ukuza kuthi ga ngoku le kuphela kweprojekthi yokulinga ngokusetyenziswa kokwenyani kwe-5G kunye neTekhnoloji ye-Cloud Gaming kwibala lezolonwabo lwedijithali. Umsitho wenzeke njengenxalenye yosasazo lwetumente enkulu ye-Dota2 The International 2019.
Wi-Fi 6
Umgangatho omtsha we-Wi-Fi 6 unyusa kakhulu uxinaniso loxhulumaniso, oku kuthetha ukuba indawo nganye yokufikelela iya kukwazi ukuxhasa ababhalisi abaninzi. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekuququzeleleni ukufikelela ngaphandle kwamacingo kwiindawo zokuthenga ezinkulu, kwizikhululo zeenqwelo moya kunye nezixeko ngokubanzi. Nangona kunjalo, eRashiya, imfuno ye-Wi-Fi 6 iya kwenza ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi kunaphesheya, ekubeni izisombululo ezisekelwe kwi-Wi-Fi 6 ziyilwa kakhulu ngabathengisi bangaphandle kunye ne-horizon yokucwangcisa ixesha elide. Umqobo onokubakho ekuphunyezweni komgangatho omtsha kukungabikho kweenzuzo ezicacileyo kubantu kunye namacandelo athile oshishino. Nangona kunjalo, i-Wi-Fi 6 ibalulekile xa usebenzisa i-Smart City kunye ne-IIoT iikhonsepthi. Isiphumo esibambekayo sokutshintshela kumgangatho omtsha siya kubonakala kuphela ukuba zonke izixhobo zenethiwekhi zixhasa i-Wi-Fi 6 - silindele ukuphuhliswa kwale nkqubo ngo-2020.
Iziseko zophuhliso njengekhowudi
"Iziseko zophuhliso njengekhowudi," ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba "ziziseko ezicwangcisiweyo," yimodeli efanisa inkqubo yokuseta iziseko zophuhliso nenkqubo yesoftware yokwenza iinkqubo. Ngokuyintloko, iqalile ukususa imida phakathi kokubhala izicelo kunye nokudala iimeko zezo zicelo. Izicelo zinokuqulatha izikripthi ezenza ezazo umatshini wenyani kwaye uzilawule. Esi sisiseko se-cloud computing kwaye siyinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-DevOps.
I-Infrastructure njengeKhowudi ikuvumela ukuba ulawule oomatshini benyani kwinqanaba lesoftware. Oku kuphelisa imfuno yoqwalaselo lwezandla kunye nohlaziyo lwamacandelo ehardware ngamnye.
Iziseko zophuhliso zinwebeka ngokugqithisileyo, oko kukuthi, ziphinde zikwazi ukuphinda ziphinde ziphindekeke kwaye ziyakaleka. Umsebenzisi omnye, esebenzisa iseti efanayo yekhowudi, unokusebenzisa kwaye alawule umatshini omnye okanye iwaka. Iinzuzo zendlela zibandakanya isantya, ukuphumelela kweendleko kunye nokunciphisa ingozi.
Smart yonke into
Iinkqubo zobunjineli kunye nezixhobo zombane zinikwe "ingqondo" kwaye emva koko ziqalise ukuhlalutya idatha evela ngaphandle. I-toaster ehlakaniphile, i-CCTV ehlakaniphile, iminqwazi eqinileyo yamashishini yimizekelo yezinto eziphuculweyo. Le ndlela yokwandisa ukulawulwa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo kwaye ivumela ukudalwa kwezinto eziphilayo zoomatshini kunye nezinto ezivela kwihlabathi elingaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi ezinokunxibelelana kwi-intanethi kunye nomnye kunye nomnini wabo.
umthombo: www.habr.com
