Uvavanyo lwe-A/B, umbhobho kunye nokuthengisa: ikota enegama leDatha enkulu evela kwiGeekBrains kunye neX5 Retail Group

Itekhnoloji yeDatha enkulu ngoku isetyenziswa kuyo yonke indawo - kushishino, amayeza, ishishini, kunye nolonwabo. Ngaloo ndlela, ngaphandle kokuhlalutya idatha enkulu, abathengisi abakhulu abayi kukwazi ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuthengisa e-Amazon kuya kuwa, kwaye i-meteorologists ayiyi kukwazi ukuqikelela imozulu ngeentsuku ezininzi, iiveki kunye neenyanga kwangaphambili. Kusengqiqweni ukuba iingcali ezinkulu zedatha ngoku zifunwa kakhulu, kwaye imfuno ikhula rhoqo.

I-GeekBrains iqeqesha abameli beli candelo, izama ukubonelela abafundi ngolwazi lwethiyori kunye nokufundisa ngemizekelo, apho iingcali ezinamava zibandakanyekayo. Kulo nyaka ubuhlakani Abahlalutyi beDatha abakhulu beyunivesithi ye-intanethi ye-GeekUniversity kunye nomthengisi omkhulu kwi-Russian Federation, i-X5 Retail Group, baye baba ngamaqabane. Iingcali zenkampani, ezinolwazi olubanzi kunye namava, zanceda ukudala ikhosi enegama, apho abafundi bafumana uqeqesho lwethiyori kunye namava asebenzayo ngexesha loqeqesho.

Sathetha noValery Babushkin, umlawuli wemodeli kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha kwi-X5 Retail Group. Ungomnye wabo egqibelele izazinzulu zedatha kwihlabathi (i-30 kwinqanaba lehlabathi leengcali zokufunda ngomatshini). Ekunye nabanye ootitshala, uValery uxelela abafundi beGeekBrains malunga novavanyo lwe-A/B, izibalo zemathematika ezisekelwe kuzo ezi ndlela, kunye neendlela zanamhlanje zokubala kunye neempawu zokuphumeza uvavanyo lwe-A / B kwintengiso engaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi.

Kutheni sifuna iimvavanyo ze-A/B kwaphela?

Le yenye yeendlela ezilungileyo zokufumana ezona ndlela zilungileyo zokuphucula ukuguqulwa, uqoqosho kunye nezinto zokuziphatha. Kukho ezinye iindlela, kodwa zibiza kakhulu kwaye zinzima. Iinzuzo eziphambili zovavanyo lwe-A/B lixabiso labo eliphantsi kunye nokufumaneka kwamashishini abo nabuphi na ubungakanani.

Ngokumalunga novavanyo lwe-A / B, sinokuthi le yenye yezona ndlela zibalulekileyo zokukhangela kunye nokwenza izigqibo kwishishini, izigqibo apho zombini inzuzo kunye nophuhliso lwemveliso eyahlukeneyo nayiphi na inkampani ixhomekeke kuyo. Iimvavanyo zenza kube lula ukwenza izigqibo ezisekelwe kuphela kwiithiyori kunye neengcamango, kodwa kunye nolwazi olusebenzayo lwendlela utshintsho oluthile oluyiguqula ngayo intsebenziswano yabathengi kunye nenethiwekhi.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ekuthengiseni kufuneka uvavanye yonke into - imikhankaso yokuthengisa, ukuthumela i-SMS, iimvavanyo zokuthumela ngokwabo, ukubekwa kweemveliso kwiishelufu kunye namashalofu ngokwawo kwiindawo zokuthengisa. Ukuba sithetha ngevenkile ye-intanethi, ngoko apha unokuvavanya ukulungiswa kwezinto, ukuyila, imibhalo kunye neetekisi.

Iimvavanyo ze-A / B zisisixhobo esinceda inkampani, umzekelo, umthengisi, ukuba ahlale ekhuphisana, atshintshe ingqiqo ngexesha kwaye azitshintshe. Oku kuvumela ishishini ukuba lisebenze ngokufanelekileyo, ukwandisa inzuzo.

Ngawaphi ama-nuances ezi ndlela?

Into ephambili kukuba kufuneka kubekho injongo okanye ingxaki apho uvavanyo luya kusekelwa. Ngokomzekelo, ingxaki linani elincinci labathengi kwindawo yokuthengisa okanye ivenkile ye-intanethi. Injongo kukwandisa ukungena kwabathengi. I-Hypothesis: ukuba amakhadi emveliso kwivenkile ye-intanethi enziwe makhulu kwaye iifoto zikhanya ngakumbi, kuya kubakho ukuthengwa okuninzi. Emva koko, uvavanyo lwe-A / B lwenziwa, umphumo walo luvavanyo lweenguqu. Emva kokuba iziphumo zazo zonke iimvavanyo zifunyenwe, unokuqalisa ukwenza isicwangciso sesenzo sokutshintsha indawo.

Akukhuthazwa ukuqhuba iimvavanyo kunye neenkqubo ezihambelanayo, ngaphandle koko kuya kuba nzima ukuvavanya iziphumo. Kucetyiswa ukwenza iimvavanyo kwezona njongo ziphambili ngokubaluleka kwaye kuqulunqwe iingqikelelo kuqala.

Uvavanyo kufuneka luhlale ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo ukuze iziphumo zithathwe njengezithembekileyo. Ingakanani kanye ixhomekeke, ngokuqinisekileyo, kuvavanyo ngokwalo. Ke, ngo-Eva woNyaka oMtsha, ukugcwala kweevenkile ezininzi ze-Intanethi kuyanda. Ukuba uyilo lwevenkile ye-intanethi yatshintshwa ngaphambili, ngoko uvavanyo lwexesha elifutshane luya kubonisa ukuba yonke into ilungile, utshintsho luyimpumelelo, kwaye i-traffic ikhula. Kodwa akukho, kungakhathaliseki ukuba wenza ntoni ngaphambi kweeholide, i-traffic iya kwanda, uvavanyo alukwazi ukugqitywa ngaphambi koNyaka omtsha okanye ngokukhawuleza emva koko, kufuneka kube lude ngokwaneleyo ukuchonga konke ukulungelelaniswa.

Ukubaluleka koqhagamshelwano oluchanekileyo phakathi kwenjongo kunye nesalathisi esilinganiswayo. Ngokomzekelo, ngokuguqula uyilo lwewebhusayithi yevenkile ye-intanethi, inkampani ibona ukwanda kwenani leendwendwe okanye abathengi kwaye yanelisekile ngale nto. Kodwa eneneni, ubungakanani betshekhi obuphakathi bunokuba mncinci kunesiqhelo, ngoko ke umvuzo wakho uwonke uya kuba ngaphantsi. Oku, ngokuqinisekileyo, akunakubizwa ngokuba sisiphumo esihle. Ingxaki kukuba inkampani ayizange ihlolisise ubudlelwane phakathi kokunyuka kweendwendwe, ukwanda kwenani lokuthenga, kunye ne-dynamics yobukhulu bomndilili wokuhlola.

Ngaba uvavanyo kuphela kwiivenkile ze-intanethi?

Hayi akunjalo. Indlela edumileyo yokuthengisa ngaphandle kweintanethi kukuphunyezwa kombhobho opheleleyo wokuvavanya iingqikelelo ngaphandle kweintanethi. Olu lulwakhiwo lwenkqubo apho iingozi zokhetho olungachanekanga lwamaqela ovavanyo luyancitshiswa, umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo yenani leevenkile, ixesha lokulinga kunye nobukhulu besiphumo esiqikelelweyo sikhethiwe. Ikwakukusetyenziswa kwakhona kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kweendlela zokuhlalutya emva kweziphumo. Indlela iyadingeka ukunciphisa amathuba okuba neempazamo zokwamkelwa kobuxoki kunye neziphumo eziphosiweyo, kunye nokwandisa uvakalelo, kuba nokuba nefuthe elincinci kwisikali seshishini elikhulu libaluleke kakhulu. Ke ngoko, kufuneka ukwazi ukuchonga nolona tshintsho lubuthathaka kwaye unciphise umngcipheko, kubandakanya nezigqibo ezingalunganga malunga neziphumo zovavanyo.

Ukuthengisa, Idatha enkulu kunye neemeko zangempela

Kunyaka ophelileyo, iingcali ze-X5 Retail Group zavavanya amandla okuthengiswa kweemveliso ezithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalandeli beNdebe yeHlabathi ye-2018. Kwakungekho nto imangalisayo, kodwa izibalo zisabonakala zinomdla.

Ngaloo ndlela, amanzi “ayeyona nto ithengiswa kakhulu.” Kwizixeko ebezibambe iNdebe yeHlabathi, ukuthengiswa kwamanzi kunyuke malunga ne-1%, inkokeli ibiyiSochi, apho ingeniso inyuke nge-46%. Ngeentsuku zomdlalo, inani eliphezulu lirekhodwe eSaransk - apha ukuthengisa kwanda nge-87% xa kuthelekiswa neentsuku eziqhelekileyo.

Ukongeza emanzini, abalandeli bathenge ibhiya. Ukususela nge-14 kaJuni ukuya kwi-15 kaJulayi, kwiidolophu apho imidlalo yenzeke khona, ukuthengiswa kwebhiya kunyuke ngomyinge we-31,8%. I-Sochi nayo yaba yinkokeli - ibhiya yathengwa apha nge-64% ngaphezulu. Kodwa eSt Petersburg ukukhula kwakuncinci - kuphela i-5,6%. Ngeentsuku zomdlalo eSaransk, ukuthengiswa kwebhiya kunyuke nge-128%.

Uphando luye lwenziwa nakwezinye iimveliso. Idatha efunyenwe ngeentsuku eziphezulu zokusetyenziswa kokutya ivumela ukuba siqikelele ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi imfuno kwixesha elizayo, sithathela ingqalelo izinto zesiganeko. Uqikelelo oluchanekileyo lwenza ukuba kube lula ukulindela ukulindela kwabathengi.

Ngexesha lovavanyo, iX5 Retail Group yasebenzisa iindlela ezimbini:
Iimodeli zexesha lolwakhiwo lwaseBayesi ezinoqikelelo lomahluko olongezelekayo;
Uhlalutyo lokuhlehla ngovavanyo lokutshintsha kokusasazwa kweempazamo ngaphambi nangexesha lobuntshatsheli.

Yeyiphi enye into esetyenziswa ngabathengisi kwiDatha enkulu?

• Zininzi kakhulu iindlela kunye netekhnoloji, ukusuka kwinto enokuthiwa igama ngaphandle, ezi zezi:
• Uqikelelo lwemfuno;
• Ukuphucula i-assortment matrix;
• Umbono weKhompyutha ukuchonga i-voids kwiishelufu kunye nokubona umgca owenza umgca;
• Uqikelelo lwePromo.

Ukunqongophala kweengcali

Imfuno yeengcali zeDatha enkulu ikhula rhoqo. Ke, ngo-2018, inani lezithuba ezinxulumene nedatha enkulu linyuke amaxesha angama-7 xa kuthelekiswa no-2015. Kwisiqingatha sokuqala se-2019, imfuno yeengcali idlule i-65% yemfuno ye-2018 yonke.

Iinkampani ezinkulu zifuna ngokukodwa iinkonzo zabahlalutyi beDatha enkulu. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-Mail.ru Group bayafuneka kuyo nayiphi na iprojekthi apho idatha yombhalo, umxholo we-multimedia ucutshungulwa, ukuhlanganiswa kwentetho kunye nohlalutyo lwenziwa (oku, okokuqala, iinkonzo zefu, inethiwekhi yoluntu, imidlalo, njl.). Inani lezithuba ezikhoyo kule nkampani liphindaphindeke kathathu kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo. Kwiinyanga ezisibhozo zokuqala zalo nyaka, i-Mail.ru iqeshe inani elifanayo leengcali zeDatha enkulu njengakunyaka ophelileyo. E-Ozon, isebe leNzululwazi yeDatha likhule ngokuphindwe kathathu kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo. Imeko iyafana kwiMegafon - iqela elihlalutya idatha likhule ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwiminyaka eyi-2,5 edlulileyo.

Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, kwixesha elizayo imfuno yabameli beengcali ezinxulumene neDatha enkulu iya kukhula ngakumbi. Ngoko ukuba unomdla kule ndawo, kufuneka uzame isandla sakho.

umthombo: www.habr.com