Izixhobo ezitsha kunye nokuqwalaselwa okutsha kwezinto ezihlala ixesha elide zisivumela ukuba sibone umfanekiso ocacileyo weNdalo yonke esingqongileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo, i-shell spectrograph yaqala ukusebenza ngokuchaneka okumangalisayo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ubunzima beyona exoplanet ikufutshane kuthi kwinkqubo yeProxima Centauri. Ukuchaneka komlinganiselo kwakuyi-1/10 yobunzima boMhlaba, obunokuthi kutsha nje buthathwe njengentsomi yenzululwazi.
Ubukho be-exoplanet Proxima b yaqala ukubhengezwa ngo-2013. Ngo-2016, i-European Southern Observatory's (ESO) i-HARPS spectrograph yanceda ukufumanisa ubunzima obuqikelelweyo be-exoplanet, eyayiyi-1,3 yomhlaba. Uphononongo lwamva nje lwenkwenkwezi ebomvu ebomvu u-Proxima Centauri usebenzisa i-ESPRESSO iqokobhe le-spectrograph lubonise ukuba ubunzima be-Proxima b busondele kobo boMhlaba kwaye busisi-1,17 sobunzima beplanethi yethu.
Inkwenkwezi ebomvu ebomvu i-Proxima Centauri ikwi-4,2 yeminyaka yokukhanya ukusuka kwinkqubo yethu. Le yinto efanelekileyo kakhulu yokufunda, kwaye kuhle kakhulu ukuba i-exoplanet Proxima b, ejikeleza le nkwenkwezi kunye neentsuku ezili-11,2, yajika yaba phantse iwele loMhlaba malunga nobukhulu kunye nobukhulu beempawu. Oku kuvula ithuba lokufunda ngakumbi ngeenkcukacha ze-exoplanet, eziza kuqhubeka ngoncedo lwezixhobo ezitsha.
Ngokukodwa, i-European Southern Observatory eChile iya kufumana i-Echelle Spectrometer entsha ye-High Resolution (HIRES) kunye ne-RISTRETTO spectrometer. Izixhobo ezitsha ziya kwenza ukuba kwenzeke ukurekhoda i-spectra ekhutshwe yi-exoplanet ngokwayo. Oku kuya kwenza kube lula ukufunda malunga nobukho kwaye, mhlawumbi, ukubunjwa kwendawo yayo. Iplanethi ibekwe kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yindawo enokuhlalwa kuyo yinkwenkwezi, esivumela ukuba sibe nethemba lobukho bamanzi angamalwelo kumphezulu wawo kwaye, ngokunokwenzeka, kubukho bobomi bebhayoloji.
Kwangaxeshanye, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba iProxima b ngamaxesha angama-20 kufutshane nenkwenkwezi yayo kunoMhlaba kwiLanga. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-exoplanet ibonakaliswe ngamaxesha angama-400 ngaphezu kwe-Earth. Ngumoya oshinyeneyo kuphela onokukhusela ubomi bebhayoloji kumphezulu we-exoplanet. Izazinzulu zinethemba lokufumana zonke ezi nuances kwizifundo ezizayo.
umthombo: 3dnews.ru