Le mpapasho iphelelisa ungcelele lwamanqaku athi “Yintoni onokuyiva kunomathotholo?” isihloko malunga nosasazo lukanomathotholo olufutshane.

Intshukumo enkulu kanomathotholo yabantu abangafundanga kwilizwe lethu yaqala ngokudityaniswa kwezamkelo zikanomathotholo ezilula zokumamela izikhululo zikanomathotholo. Uyilo lwe-detector receiver yaqala ukupapashwa kwiphephancwadi elithi "Radio Amateur", No. 7, 1924. Ukusasazwa kwerediyo enkulu kwi-USSR yaqala ngo-1922 "kwi-wave yeemitha eziliwaka ezintathu" (i-frequency 100 kHz, i-DV range) kunye i-transmitter enamandla angama-12 kW izikhululo zikanomathotholo zithiywe ngegama Comintern (uphawu lomnxeba RDW). Ngokuthe ngcembe, usasazo lukanomathotholo lwagubungela uluhlu lweCB, kwaye emva kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30s, usasazo lweHF lwaqala ukukhula, kubandakanya neelwimi zasemzini (usasazo lwangaphandle).

Usasazo lwamazwe angaphandle kwi-HF lufikelele kwincopho yalo ngexesha leMfazwe ebandayo njengenye yezixhobo ezisebenzayo zomzabalazo weengcinga kunye nepropaganda. Emva kokuwa kwe-Iron Curtain, usasazo ngolwimi lwesiRashiya kwi-HF yayiyeyeendaba, zenkcubeko kunye nokushumayela.

Ulawulo losasazo lukanomathotholo lwamazwe ngamazwe kwi-HF lwenziwa ngumbutho ongenanto yakwenza norhulumente HFCC. Kabini ngonyaka, iinkomfa zeHFCC zivuma ukuhanjiswa kwamaza kunye namaxesha osasazo. Uhlaziyo iyafumaneka ukukhuphela kwisiza. Kwisiseko sedatha yangoku kukho ukufikelela interactive. Ukusukela nge-31.03.2019 kaMatshi ka-19, ixesha lasehlotyeni le-A19 laqala. Ixesha lasebusika le-B27.10.2019 liya kuqala nge-29.03.2020 ka-Okthobha XNUMX kwaye liya kuqhubeka kude kube nge-XNUMX kaMatshi XNUMX.

Ndimamele unomathotholo...

Kwi-Perm, ukhetho lweenkqubo zikanomathotholo oza kumamela kwiqela le-HF lulinganiselwe. Ngexesha lokukhanya kwemini, kuzo zonke iibhendi zokusasaza amaza amafutshane awukwazi ukufumana ngaphezulu kwesibini okanye ezintathu, kwaye ngeeyure zobumnyama - izikhululo zikanomathotholo ezilishumi elinambini ehlotyeni okanye isibini sesibini ebusika.

Ukwamkela ndisebenzisa izixhobo "zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali" ngokufanelekileyo:

1. Usasazo lwerediyo umamkeli Tecsun PL-380.
2. Ummkeli werediyo yonxibelelwano iSoftRock Ensemble II RX kunye ne-HDSDR v.2.70

Kulo mfanekiso ungentla, i-Tecsun PL-380 iguqulelwe kwi-11875 kHz (i-25 m ububanzi). Usasazo lwenziwa ngesiRashiya. Umxholo wenkqubo: inkcubeko yaseTshayina. Ukusuka kwi-database ye-HFCC kwifomathi yokubhaliweyo sifunda ukuba le yi-Radio yeZizwe ngezizwe yaseChina, i-transmitter ise-Urumqi, amandla okuhambisa i-500 W, i-antenna ikhupha kwi-azimuth 308 degrees.

Siqwalasela iSoftRock Ensemble II RX kunye ne-HDSDR v.2.70 kwi-frequency ye-11875 kHz:

Cofa iqhosha leFreqMgr ukufaka uMphathi weFrequency kwaye ufumane isikhululo sikanomathotholo kwisiseko sedatha se-EiBi:

... kwaye uyiguqule ibe yinto yokuzonwabisa, umdlalo okanye ingqokelela

Ngokutsho kwe-HFCC, i-database yabo iqulethe i-85% yosasazo lwe-HF yamazwe ngamazwe, kwaye i-15% eseleyo ibandakanya usasazo lwasekhaya e-Afrika naseLatin America, olungadingi kulawulwa ngamazwe ngamazwe. Oku akusoloko kubafanela abathanda irediyo, kwaye bakhupha ezabo, ezongeziweyo, oovimba beenkcukacha. Uvimba weenkcukacha EiBi - omnye wazo.

Ukufumana imiqondiso kwizikhululo zikanomathotholo kubizwa ngokuba DXing. Undoqo wesenzeko: Umphulaphuli werediyo uthumela ingxelo kwisikhululo sikanomathotholo malunga nosasazo olufunyenweyo, kwaye abaphathi besikhululo sikanomathotholo bephendula bathumela ikhadi lerisithi (QSL) eliqinisekisa ukuba umphulaphuli kanomathotholo uwufumene umyalezo kwesi sikhululo sikanomathotholo. Umzekelo wekhadi le-QSL unokujongwa apha.

Abahleli bosasazo bajonga iingxelo njengento ebalulekileyo yengxelo. Ngokomzekelo, kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo kudliwano-ndlebe nomhleli Inkonzo yosasazo yaseRashiya yeRadio Taiwan International Ndafumanisa ukuba kwiiveki ezimbini zokuqala zokusasaza ngolwimi lwesiRashiya, babeziva “benxibelelana ngasese,” de bafumana ingxelo evela kumntu owayesakhula kunomathotholo waseRashiya. Ukususela ngoko, abahleli be-RTI yosasazo yaseRashiya baye bazama ukuthumela ii-QSL kuye wonke umntu obhale.

"Umda wokungena" kwi-DXing uphantsi: kwanele ukuba ube nommkeli wosasazo. Abanomdla banxibelelana kwiiforamu kunye neenkomfa, apho batshintshiselana ngolwazi malunga nezikhululo zikanomathotholo ezifunyenweyo, iidilesi ze-QSL bureau, kunye nezibhengezo zokusasaza. Abathandi bapapasha rhoqo amaxwebhu anemixholo kunye neeleta zeendaba. Umzekelo weqela leDX ngu Indawo yaseNovosibirsk DX.

Isishwankathelo esifutshane

Ukwamkelwa kwezikhululo zikanomathotholo kube kwaye kuhlala kuyindawo ebalulekileyo yentshukumo yerediyo ye-amateur. Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, usasazo lwangaphandle kwi-HF alusebenzi kangako kwiingcamango njengeenjongo zengxoxo yeenkcubeko.

Indlela yokuzonwabisa yokufumana izikhululo zosasazo ayifuni kutyalo-mali olunzima lwemali, ukufumana iilayisenisi okanye iziqinisekiso zemfundo.

Umbhali wopapasho akanguye umthandi weDXing, kodwa uxhasa ngenkuthalo yonke into edibanisa abantu kunye nokukhuthaza incoko phakathi kwabo.

umthombo: www.habr.com