Namhlanje zininzi iindlela eziyimpumelelo zokufunda isiNgesi. Ndifuna ukufaka iisenti zam ezintathu kwelinye icala: ukuthetha ukuba kuthintela ukufunda ulwimi.
Omnye wale miqobo kukuba simfundisa kwindawo engafanelekanga. Akukho malunga namalungu omzimba, kodwa malunga neendawo zengqondo. Kukho iindawo ze-Wernicke kunye ne-Broca kwi-cortex ye-prefrontal yengqondo, ehambelana nombono kunye nokuveliswa kwentetho ... Kubantu abadala, banoxanduva lokufumana imiqondiso ye-acoustic, ngenxa yokuba kunokwenzeka kakhulu umsebenzi wokuthetha.
Yaye abantwana abaneminyaka emihlanu okanye esixhenxe ubudala bafunda olunye ulwimi ngokulula ngendlela emangalisayo! Oku kwenzeka nangona ingqondo yabo ingekakhuli. Ukubunjwa kwe-cortex iphela kwiminyaka elishumi elinesibini okanye elinesihlanu-kwaye umntu ufumana amandla okugqiba izakhiwo ezinengqiqo, "ungena engqondweni", njengoko besithi ... ukuba noxanduva lomsebenzi wentetho yomntu. Kwaye kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwe-cortex, esiyilayisha kakhulu xa sifunda ulwimi lwasemzini?
Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokufundisa ulwimi lwasemzini azinamveliso kakhulu kwaye ngokwabo - abaninzi baye bafunda kubo, kodwa abazange bafumane ulwazi. Ezi ndlela zinika iziphumo xa, ngenxa yesizathu esithile, zikwazi ukwenza imimandla enzulu yengqondo, amacandelo ayo amandulo, asetyenziswa ngempumelelo ngabantwana.
Singakwazi ukusondela kufundo lolwimi lwasemzini: funda kwaye uguqule, ugcwalise isichazi-magama, funda igrama. Kodwa ulwimi lufunyenwe (ukuba lufunyenwe) kwinqanaba elingaphantsi okanye elingekho zingqondweni. Kwaye oko kubonakala ngathi liqhinga kum.
Umqobo wesibini: iindlela zokufunda ulwimi lwesibini ngokwazo. Zikhutshelwa ukusuka kwizifundo zokufunda ukuya kwezomthonyama. Abantwana bafundiswa ukufunda nokubhala besebenzisa i-primer - esikolweni okanye ekhaya yonke into iqala ngealfabhethi, ngamagama alula, emva koko amabinzana, emva koko igrama, ize (ukuba ifike) kwi-stylistics ... Kuso sonke isikolo. imfundo, umdla katitshala womelele (kungekhona njengabantu ngabanye, kodwa njengenxalenye yenkqubo yemfundo): zingaphi iiyure, ngokungqinelana nenkqubo evunyiweyo, ezichithwe kwesi sihloko, sithini isiphumo esifunyenwe ngendlela yeemvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ... emva kwayo yonke le nto kukho ingxelo echanekileyo yexesha kunye nemali echithiweyo. Ngokubanzi, ulwimi ngokwalo, lukhuthaza uthando lwayo, ukuvavanya indlela "lungene" ngayo umfundi, kwaye luhlala ixesha elingakanani - oko kukuthi, iimfuno eziphambili zomfundi ngokwakhe - zishiywe ngaphandle. Lonke uqeqesho lunengqiqo kakhulu kwaye alunamsebenzi. Le nkqubo yezifundo yemfundo isuka kumaXesha Aphakathi, yamiliselwa kwixesha lemizi-mveliso, xa uqeqesho olusemgangathweni novavanyo lolwazi lwaluxabisekile. Umntu unokuvuma ngandlela-thile konke oku - akukho ndlela zigqibeleleyo. Ulawulo lwe-bureaucracy lunemiqathango enenjongo yoko. Kodwa! Mnye umahluko omkhulu: umntwana ophucula ulwimi lwakhe lwenkobe esikolweni sele ekwazi ukuzichaza kulo! Ungathini malunga nomfundi oqale ukufunda ulwimi olutsha ukususela ekuqaleni ... Apha, inkqubo yemfundo yendabuko inika iziphumo ezithobekileyo kakhulu - khumbula amava akho kunye namava abahlobo bakho.
Njengokongeza kulo mhlathi: umntwana uqonda njani ukuba le kitten? Yintoni le, inkukhu? Umntu omdala unokunikwa inguqulelo esuka kolunye ulwimi ukuya kolunye, adibanise igama negama. Kwisithethi somthonyama, isenzeko kunye nombono zidibene ngokwahlukileyo.
Isizathu sesithathu. Iqela le-neurophysiologist yaseMelika eyaziwayo uPaula Tallal yafumanisa ukuba malunga ne-20% yabantu abemi abanako ukumelana nesantya esiqhelekileyo sokuthetha. (oku kuquka iingxaki ezifana ne-dyslexia, i-dysgraphia kunye nezinye iingxaki). Aba bantu abanalo ixesha lokuqonda nokuqonda oko bakuvayo. I-cerebellum inoxanduva lwenkqubo - le "motherboard" yengqondo yethu ayikwazi ukujamelana nokucutshungulwa kolwazi olungenayo ngexesha langempela. Ayinathemba: ungaziqeqesha ngokucotha kwaye ekugqibeleni ufikelele kwisantya esiqhelekileyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oku kuyaphumelela. Kodwa kufuneka wazi ukuba kukho ukulalela okunje kufuna iindlela ezikhethekileyo.
Isizathu sesine: ukubhideka okusisiseko kwimiba. Wayengoyena tyhefu kum, mhlawumbi. Senza ntoni ngolwimi lwesibini? Siyamfundisa. Ndandiqhuba kakuhle kwizibalo nefiziksi esikolweni yaye ndandifunda isiNgesi ngendlela efanayo. Kuyimfuneko ukufunda amagama negrama, yaye ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ukuba uye wayifunda kakuhle yonke into waza wayikhumbula kakuhle? Inyaniso yokuba umsebenzi wentetho unendalo eyahlukileyo ngokusisiseko kwaye yahluke kakhulu kwifiziyoloji yayo kunolwakhiwo oluqikelelwayo (ngaphandle kolwakhiwo olukhubekisayo) yavakala kum kwiminyaka emininzi kamva.
Isizathu sesihlanu ngokuyinxenye sinqumlana nesesine. Le yi-ego. Ukuba ndiyawazi amagama negrama, kutheni ndiphindaphinda ibinzana endilifunde kaninzi? (βNgaba ndisisimumu?β) Ukuzithemba kwaqalisa. Nangona kunjalo, ukubamba ulwimi akusilo ulwazi, kodwa ubuchule obunokwakhiwa kuphela ngenxa yokuphindaphinda ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kunye nemvelaphi yokususa ukugxeka kuye. Iqhinga ngokwasengqondweni - ukuhla ekuboniseni - kwakhona kaninzi umthwalo umntu omdala. Kwakunzima kum ukunciphisa ukuzigxeka.
Ukushwankathela, ndingathanda ukwazi malunga namava akho okufunda isiNgesi (ndizama ukufumana indlela yokwenza ulwimi, enokuthi ngandlela ithile isuse okudwelisiweyo kunye neminye imida enokwenzeka). Kwaye umbuzo uvela: kubaluleke kangakanani ukuba umdwelisi weprogram afunde isiNgesi ngaphezu kobuncinci bobuchwephesha, ubunini (ubuncinci) obungenakuphepheka? Kubaluleke kangakanani ubugcisa bolwimi olwandisiweyo malunga nohambo, utshintsho lwendawo, ukuhlala okwethutyana kwindawo abathetha isiNgesi okanye, ngokubanzi, enye imeko yenkcubeko apho isiNgesi sinokwanela unxibelelwano?
umthombo: www.habr.com