Umbutho we-JEDEC awukapapashi ngokusemthethweni inkcazo yesizukulwana esilandelayo se-DDR5 RAM (inkumbulo yokufikelela okungahleliweyo, i-DRAM). Kodwa ukungabikho koxwebhu olusesikweni aluthinteli abavelisi be-DRAM kunye nabaphuhlisi beenkqubo ezahlukeneyo kwi-chip (inkqubo-kwi-chip, i-SoC) ekulungiseleleni ukuqaliswa kwayo. Kwiveki ephelileyo, uCadence, umphuhlisi wehardware kunye nesoftware yokudala iichips, wabelane ngolwazi lwayo malunga nokungena kweDDR5 kwintengiso kunye nophuhliso lwayo olongezelelweyo.
Iiplatifti zeDDR5: ngaphezu kwe-12 ekuphuhlisweni
Udumo lwalo naluphi na uhlobo lwememori luchongwa kukuthandwa kwamaqonga axhasayo, kwaye iDDR5 ayinjalo. Kwimeko ye-DDR5, siyazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba iya kuxhaswa yi-AMD EPYC iprosesa yesizukulwana seGenoa, kunye ne-Intel Xeon Scalable processors yesizukulwana seSapphire Rapids xa bekhululwa ekupheleni kwe-2021 okanye ekuqaleni kwe-2022. I-Cadence, esele ibonelela ngesilawuli se-DDR5 kunye ne-DDR5 ujongano lomzimba (PHY) kubayili be-chip ukuze banikwe ilayisenisi, ithi ine-SoCs ezingaphezulu kweshumi elinambini kuphuhliso lokuxhasa inkumbulo yesizukulwana esilandelayo. Ezinye zezi nkqubo-kwi-chip ziya kubonakala ngaphambili, ezinye kamva, kodwa ngeli nqanaba kuyacaca ukuba umdla kwi-teknoloji entsha mkhulu kakhulu.
I-Cadence iqinisekile ukuba umlawuli we-DDR5 yenkampani kunye ne-DDR5 PHY ihambelana ngokupheleleyo ne-JEDEC ezayo inguqulo ye-1.0, ngoko ke ii-SoCs ezisebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-Cadence ziya kuhambelana neemodyuli zememori ze-DDR5 eziza kuvela kamva.
“Ukubandakanyeka ngokusondeleyo kumaqela asebenzayo eJEDEC lulutho. Sifumana umbono wokuba umgangatho uya kuvela njani. Singumlawuli kunye nomboneleli we-PHY kwaye sinokulindela naluphi na utshintsho olunokwenzeka kwindlela eya ekubekweni emgangathweni. Kwiintsuku zokuqala zokubekwa emgangathweni, sakwazi ukuthatha izinto ezisemgangathweni phantsi kophuhliso kwaye sisebenze kunye namaqabane ethu ukufumana isilawuli esisebenzayo kunye neprototype ye-PHY. Njengoko sisiya ekupapashweni komgangatho, sinobungqina obuninzi bokuba iphakheji yethu yengqondo (IP) iya kuxhasa izixhobo ezihambelana ne-DDR5, "utshilo uMarc Greenberg, umlawuli wentengiso ye-DRAM IP eCadence.
I-Antre: I-16-Gbit DDR5-4800 chips
Ukutshintshela kwi-DDR5 kubangela umngeni omkhulu kubavelisi beememori, njengoko uhlobo olutsha lwe-DRAM kufuneka lubonelele ngaxeshanye ukwanda kwe-chip umthamo, amazinga aphezulu okudluliselwa kwedatha, ukunyuka kokusebenza okusebenzayo (nge-clock frequency kunye neshaneli nganye) kwaye ngexesha elifanayo linciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. Ukongeza, i-DDR5 kulindeleke ukuba yenze kube lula ukudibanisa izixhobo ezininzi ze-DRAM kwiphakheji enye, evumela amandla aphezulu kakhulu emodyuli yememori kunento esetyenziswa lishishini namhlanje.
IMicron kunye ne-SK Hynix sele ibhengeze ukuqala kokuhanjiswa kweemodyuli zememori yeprototype esekwe kwi-16-Gbit DDR5 chips kumaqabane abo. I-Samsung, eyona mveliso inkulu yehlabathi ye-DRAM, ayizange iqinisekise ngokusemthethweni ukuqala kokuthunyelwa kweeprototypes, kodwa ukusuka kwizibhengezo zayo kwinkomfa ye-ISSCC 2019, siyazi ukuba inkampani isebenza kunye ne-16-Gbit chips kunye ne-DDR5-type modules (nangona kunjalo, oku kwenza akuthethi ukuba i-8-Gbit chips Akuyi kubakho DDR5). Ngayo nayiphi na imeko, kubonakala ngathi imemori ye-DDR5 iya kufumaneka kubo bonke abathathu abavelisi abakhulu be-DRAM xa amaqonga abo ahlukeneyo eqala ukubonakala kwintengiso.
I-Cadence iqinisekile ukuba ii-chips ze-DDR5 zokuqala ziya kuba nomthamo we-16 Gbit kunye nezinga lokudluliselwa kwedatha ye-4800 ye-Mega Transfers ngomzuzwana (MT / s). Oku kwaqinisekiswa ngokungangqalanga kukubonakaliswa kwemodyuli ye-SK Hynix DDR5-4800 kwi-CES 2020, kunye nokubhengezwa kokuqala kwesampulu (inkqubo yokuthumela iiprototypes zemveliso kumaqabane). Ukusuka kwi-DDR5-4800, isizukulwana esitsha sememori siya kuphuhlisa ngeendlela ezimbini: umthamo kunye nokusebenza.
Ii-vectors ngokubanzi zophuhliso lwe-DDR5, ngokokulindelwe yiCadence:
- Umthamo we-chip eyodwa uya kuqala kwi-16 Gbit, emva koko unyuke ukuya kwi-24 Gbit (ulindele iimodyuli zememori ye-24 GB okanye i-48 GB), emva koko ukuya kwi-32 Gbit.
Ngokuphathelele ukusebenza, iCadence ilindele ukuba i-DDR5 isantya sokudlulisa idatha inyuke ukusuka kwi-4800 MT / s ukuya kwi-5200 MT / s kwiinyanga ze-12-18 emva kokuqaliswa kwe-DDR4-4800, kwaye emva koko ukuya kwi-5600 MT / s kwezinye iinyanga ezili-12-18 , ke ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kweDDR5 kwiiseva kuya kwenzeka ngesantya esiqhelekileyo.
KwiiPC zabathengi, okuninzi kuya kuxhomekeka kubalawuli beememori kwii-microprocessors kunye nabathengisi bemodyuli yememori, kodwa i-DIMMs enomdla ngokuqinisekileyo iya kuba nokusebenza okungcono kunezo zisetyenziswa kwiiseva.
Kwimarike yeseva, kunye neetshiphusi ze-16Gb, ukulungiswa kwe-DDR5 yangaphakathi, i-architecture entsha yeseva, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-RDIMM endaweni ye-LRDIMMs, iisistim zesokethi ezineemodyuli ze-5GB DDR256 ziya kubona ukunyuka okubonakalayo kokusebenza kuzo zombini amandla okuphuma, kunye nangokwemiqathango yokufikelela kwedatha. (xa kuthelekiswa nee-LRDIMM zangoku).
I-Cadence ithi uphuculo lwetekhnoloji ye-DDR5 iya kuyivumela ukuba inyuse i-bandwidth yokwenyani nge-36% xa kuthelekiswa ne-DDR4, nakwi-3200 MT / s amazinga okudluliselwa kwedatha. Nangona kunjalo, xa i-DDR5 isebenza kwizantya zoyilo malunga ne-4800 MT / s, i-throughput yangempela iya kuba yi-87% ephezulu kune-DDR4-3200 nayiphi na imeko. Nangona kunjalo, enye yeempawu eziphambili ze-DDR5 iya kuba nako ukonyusa ubuninzi bememori ye-monolithic chip ngaphaya kwe-16 Gbit.
DDR5 sele kulo nyaka?
Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, i-AMD Genoa kunye ne-Intel Sapphire Rapids akufuneki zivele kude kube sekupheleni kuka-2021, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba ekuqaleni kuka-2022. Nangona kunjalo, uMnu. Greenberg waseCadence uqinisekile kwimeko enethemba lokuphuhliswa kweziganeko.
Abavelisi beenkumbulo banomdla wokuqalisa ukubonelela ngobuninzi beentlobo ezintsha ze-DRAM ngaphambi kokuba amaqonga afumaneke. Ngeli xesha, ukuhambisa unyaka ngaphambi kwe-AMD Genoa kunye ne-Intel Sapphire Rapids zifike kwintengiso kubonakala kungaphambi kwexesha. Kodwa inkangeleko yokwahluka kovavanyo lwe-DDR5 ineenkcazo ezininzi ezinengqiqo: i-AMD kunye ne-Intel processors ezixhasa i-DDR5 zikufutshane kunokuba iinkampani zeprosesa zisixelela, okanye kukho ezinye ii-SoCs ezinenkxaso ye-DDR5 engena emarikeni.
Nokuba yeyiphi na imeko, ukuba i-DDR5 icaciswa kwinqanaba lokugqibela loyilo, abavelisi abakhulu be-DRAM banokuqala ukuvelisa ngobuninzi ngaphandle komgangatho opapashiweyo. Ngokwethiyori, abaphuhlisi be-SoC banokuqala ukuthumela uyilo lwabo kwimveliso kweli nqanaba. Okwangoku, kunzima ukucinga ukuba i-DDR5 iya kubamba nasiphi na isabelo esibalulekileyo semakethi ngo-2020 - 2021. ngaphandle kwenkxaso evela kubaboneleli abakhulu beprosesa.
umthombo: 3dnews.ru