U-Tim Berners-Lee ubhengeze isigqibo sokwenza inkcazo echaza izichongi ezinikezelweyo kwiWebhu (i-DID, i-Decentralized Identifier), imeko yomgangatho ocetyiswayo. Izichaso eziphakanyiswe nguGoogle kunye neMozilla ziyakhatywa.
Inkcazo ye-DID yazisa uhlobo olutsha lwezichongi zehlabathi ezizodwa ezingabotshelelwanga kwiinkonzo ezibekwe kwindawo eyodwa kunye nemibutho, efana nababhalisi besizinda kunye nabasemagunyeni bezatifikethi. Isichongi sinokunxulunyaniswa nesixhobo esingenasizathu kwaye senziwa ziinkqubo ezithenjiweyo ngumnini wesixhobo. Uqinisekiso lwesazisi lusebenzisa ubungqina bobunini obusekwe kwiindlela ezifihlakeleyo ezinjengomsayino wedijithali. Inkcazo ivumela ukusetyenziswa kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zolawulo olusasazwayo kunye nokufumana ulwazi malunga nezichasi, kubandakanywa neendlela ezisekelwe kwi-blockchain.
Ifomati ye-URI entsha yenziwe ngokuthi "yenza:indlela:indlela_eyohlukileyo_isazisi", apho "yenza" ixela inkqubo entsha ye-URI, "indlela" ibonisa indlela yokuphatha isichongi, kwaye "isazisi_esisodwa" sisichongi sovimba esikhethekileyo kwesikhethiweyo. indlela, umzekelo, "wenza: umzekelo :123456789abcdefghi". Intsimi enendlela ichaza igama lenkonzo esetyenzisiweyo yokugcina idatha eqinisekisiweyo, eqinisekisa ukuhluka kwesazisi, imisela ifomathi yaso kwaye ibonelele ngokubophelela kwesazisi kwisixhobo esidalelwe sona. I-URI ene-ID iguqulelwa kuxwebhu lwe-JSON olunemetadata echaza into eceliweyo kunye nezitshixo zoluntu zokuqinisekisa umnini.
Ukuphunyezwa kwendlela ngaphandle kwendawo yomgangatho we-DID, ichazwe kwiinkcukacha zabo, kwaye igcinwe kwirejista eyahlukileyo. Okwangoku, iindlela ze-135 ziye zacetywa ngokusekwe kwiibhloko ezahlukeneyo, i-cryptographic algorithms, itekhnoloji esasazwayo, i-database yedatha, iinkqubo ze-P2P kunye neendlela zokuchonga. Kuyenzeka kwakhona ukwenza izibophelelo ze-DID ngaphezulu kweenkqubo ezingundoqo, umzekelo, indlela yewebhu ivumela ukubophelela kumagama abamkeli bemveli (umzekelo, " did:web:example.com").
Izichaso zikaGoogle zihambelana nokwahlulwa kwenkcazo yendlela eqhelekileyo yokuchongwa kwamagunya ukusuka kwiinkcukacha zokuphunyezwa kokugqibela kweendlela, ezingavumeli ukuhlalutya ukuchaneka kwenkcazo ephambili ngaphandle kokuhlola ukucaciswa kweendlela. Ukupapasha olona phawu luphambili xa iindlela ezichaziweyo zingekalungi kwenza kube nzima ukuphonononga, kwaye uGoogle ucebise ukuba kuhlehliselwe ukubekwa emgangathweni kwe-DID ngokubanzi de kube iindlela ezimbalwa ezingcono zilungele ukubekwa emgangathweni, njengakwinkqubo yokumisela umgangatho, amanqaku afihlakeleyo ezifuna ukuba iinkcukacha ezingundoqo zigqitywe.
Ukuchasa kukaMozilla kukuba inkcazo ayityhala ngokufanelekileyo ukuphatheka, ishiya umba kwicala lendlela yobhaliso. Iindlela ezingaphezu kwekhulu sele zicetywayo kwirejista, zidalwe ngaphandle kokuqwalasela ukuhambelana kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwezisombululo eziqhelekileyo. Kwimo yayo yangoku, kuyakhuthazwa ukuba wenze indlela entsha yomsebenzi ngamnye, kunokuzama ukulungelelanisa iindlela ezikhoyo ukuze zihambelane neemfuno zakho.
Isikhundla se-W3C sesokuba ukubekwa emgangathweni kwengcaciso ye-DID, echaza udidi olutsha lwesazisi esandisiweyo kunye nesintaksi esinxulumeneyo, kuya kukhuthaza uphuhliso lwendlela kunye nemvumelwano malunga nokubekwa emgangathweni kwendlela. Kwimo yayo yangoku, kukho ubungqina obaneleyo bokusebenza kolona phawu luphambili lokusombulula iingxaki ezifunekayo kuluntu oluphuhlisa ubugcisa obunatyisiweyo. Ukuphunyezwa okucetywayo kweendlela akufanele kugwetywe ngokufaniswa kunye nezicwangciso ezintsha ze-URL, kunye nokudalwa kwenani elikhulu leendlela kunokubonwa njengokuhambelana nokuchazwa kwesiseko kwiimfuno zabaphuhlisi.
Ukulungelelaniswa kweendlela ezithile kubonwa njengomsebenzi onzima ngakumbi, ngokubhekiselele ekufezekiseni ukuvumelana phakathi kwabaphuhlisi, kunokumisela umgangatho wodidi oluqhelekileyo lwezihlonzi. Ngoko ke, ukwamkelwa kwenkcazo eqhelekileyo phambi kokubekwa emgangathweni kweendlela kuthathwa njengesisombululo esinokubangela ingozi encinci kuluntu oluphumeza izihlonzi ezinatyisiweyo.
umthombo: opennet.ru