Kwiminyaka ye-90, i-8-bit Super Mario Bros. kunye neSixeko sase-Battle - "i-Mario" kunye "netanki" - ibangele ulonwabo lwasendle. Kutshanje ndiye ndabasungula kwibhrawuza ukuze ndizive ndingenangqondo. Ngoku abadlali, ngokuqinisekileyo, "babonakaliswe" yimizobo kunye nomdlalo wokudlala (mna ndibandakanyiwe), kodwa kusekho into eseleyo kuloo midlalo. Nangona ungazange ubambe ii-hits zaloo minyaka, ukuthelekisa nje izinto ezibonakalayo zabasunguli kunye nomfanekiso wanamhlanje ngamava anomdla. Inqaku elilula elinemifanekiso yokuba izinto zazinjani kwaye zaba njani.
Inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji itshintshe kakhulu ishishini lokudlala kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, kwaye iintsuku zegraphics zamandulo ngaphandle kweenkcukacha zihambile.
Kudala, imidlalo ye-adventure yayinokudlula ngesicatshulwa esilula kunye nemifanekiso engatshintshiyo
Iiprojekthi zanamhlanje ziphantse zifane neefilimu ngokwembonakalo, enikezela ngemifanekiso etyebileyo yefotorealistic. Ke ngoko, imidlalo yakudala efana neOregon Trail, Doom kunye neMadden yenziwe ngokutsha ukuze ihlangabezane neemfuno zabasebenzisi ngo-2019.
Ukuziva ngokupheleleyo utshintsho, makhe sithelekise izihloko zokuqala zeefranchise ezidumileyo kunye nokuzalwa kwazo zakutsha nje okanye imidlalo yanamhlanje abadali bayo bakhuthazwe ziiklasikhi.
1. Wolfenstein 3D (1992) kunye neWolfenstein: Youngblood (2019)
Kubantu bobudala obuthile, iCastle Wolfenstein yayiyeyona ndawo ithandwayo yokudubula iphezulu. Abadali bayo ifilimu malunga neMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini "Imipu yeNavarone" (esekelwe kwincwadi ka-Alistair Maclean). Isihloko sakhutshwa ngo-1981 kwi-Apple II kwaye yavelisa ulandelelwano oluninzi. Ngokukodwa, iWolfenstein 3D (1992), eyaba ngumzekelo wabaninzi banamhlanje abadubula abantu bokuqala.
Wolfenstein 3D (1992)
Imizobo yayikrwada kwaye iyikhathuni. Kodwa umbhali nakwi-2012, uthetha ngenzondelelo ngazo zonke iintlobo zezinto ezincinci kumdlalo. Umzekelo, indlela uBlaskowicz akujonga ngayo ukusuka ezantsi kwesikrini ngobuso obungqongqo. Kwaye indlela ubuso beqhawe bujika bubomvu xa ifumana umonakalo.
Umdubuli uWolfenstein: I-Youngblood yakhululwa ngehlobo lika-2019. U-B.J. Blaskowicz wayeyinkwenkwezi yemidlalo yevidiyo eli-13, ukusuka kwi-mazes ephezulu ukuya ezantsi ukuya kubaskroli abasecaleni, imidlalo esekwe ekujikeni kunye ne-FPS. Kodwa kwi-Youngblood, abalinganiswa abaphambili ziintombi zamawele zikaBlaskowitz, ezifuna uyise.
Wolfenstein: Youngblood (2019)
Umfanekiso ophantse ube yi-cinematic ubonisa ngokugqibeleleyo ukuba ingakanani imizobo yekhompyuter ekhule kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu. Endaweni yeentshaba zekhathuni ezisicaba, kukho abalinganiswa bokwenyani abanikezelwa ngexesha lokwenyani.
2. Donkey Kong (1981) kunye Mario vs. Donkey Kong: Tipping Stars (2015)
Umbhobho odumileyo uMario waqala wabonakala eDonkey Kong ngo-1981, kodwa wafumana igama lakhe kulandelelwano. Ngendlela, ekuqaleni wayebizwa ngokuba nguJumpman.
Idonkey Kong (1981)
Umchasi kaMario, iDonkey Kong, ngomnye wabalinganiswa abangapheliyo kwihlabathi lemidlalo. Wabonakala kumdlalo wegama elifanayo njenge-villain eyathintela u-Jumpman ukuba akhuphukele kwinqanaba eliphezulu le-maze yezitebhisi.
Idonkey Kong iye yaba likhubalo lethamsanqa lokwenyani. Ubonakala kwinani elikhulu lemidlalo yeendidi ngeendidi zamaqonga: kwindawo ethile njengomlinganiswa oyintloko, kwindawo ethile njengomntu okhohlakeleyo, kwaye kwindawo ethile kwiindima ezixhasayo.
UMario vs. Donkey Kong: Tipping Stars (2015)
Ikhutshwe ngo-2015, uMario vs. I-Donkey Kong: I-Tipping Stars ivuselela imvakalelo encinci ye-nostalgia, nangona umdlalo ukhangeleka ngoku. I-aesthetics iyonke yeprojekthi ayizange itshintshe kakhulu ukususela kwi-80s, kodwa ngenxa yokuphuhliswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, yonke into iye yahluke kakhulu, ikhanya kwaye inamandla kakhulu.
3. I-Oregon Trail (1971) kunye ne-Oregon Trail (2011)
Isizukulwana X sasingenazo izihloko ezininzi zokudlala kwiikhompyutha zaso zakuqala. Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo i-Oregon Trail yayiyenye yezinto endizithandayo. Umdlalo emva phaya ngo-1971, xa abafundisi-ntsapho abancinci baseMinneapolis bagqiba ekubeni baxelele abafundi babo ngokuphononongwa kweWild West. Kodwa inguqulelo yokuqala ekhunjulwa ngabantu abaninzi yaphuma ngo-1985 kwi-Apple II-yayiyinto yokwenene.
I-Oregon Trail (1985)
Iprojekthi yezemfundo kunye nokuzonwabisa yafundisa abadlali abancinci malunga neenyaniso ezibuhlungu zobomi boovulindlela kwinkulungwane ye-1970, kuquka umngcipheko oqhubekayo wokufumana isifo segazi. Imizobo yayikhawulelwe kwimibala emithandathu, kodwa yayiseluphuculo olukhulu kwiinguqulelo ezisekelwe kumbhalo womdlalo ngeminyaka yoo-XNUMX.
Kulihlazo ukuba khange kubekho nakuphi na ukukhutshwa kwe-Oregon Trail iminyaka eliqela. Ukukhutshwa kwe-2011 yamva nje yeNintendo Wii ibonisa indlela umdlalo otshintshile ngayo kwiminyaka engama-40, nangona imizobo ayizange ibe yinto ephambili kwi-franchise.
I-Oregon Trail (2011)
Ukongeza kokuhamba ukusuka kwimibala emithandathu ukuya kwiphalethi epheleleyo, umdlalo ufumene olunye uhlaziyo olukhulu - ukulawula usebenzisa abalawuli beWii. Abadlali banokusebenzisa abalawuli njengezabhokhwe ukuqhuba inqwelo kwaye bazisebenzise ukujolisa izilwanyana.
4. UJohn Madden Football (1988) kunye neMadden NFL 20 (2019)
UJohn Madden Football (1988)
I-Madden NFL series (de kube ngo-1993 - i-John Madden Football) iye yaba yenye yezona zikhululo zokudlala ezemidlalo, emva kokuthengisa iikopi ezingaphezu kwe-130 yezigidi. Umbono womdlalo waqanjwa ngo-1984, kodwa igqala le-NFL uJohn Madden wagxininisa kwinyani kunye nomgangatho, ngoko ke iprojekthi yakhululwa kwiminyaka emine kamva.
Ukongeza kugxininiso kumdlalo obambekayo kunye nokucinga okucwangcisiweyo, uMadden ngokwakhe unike ilizwi lomgqali womdlalo kwiinguqulelo zokuqala zomdlalo. Ngaphandle kwayo yonke into entsha, yayikhangeleka irhabaxa kwaye icotha. Iikhompyuter ngelo xesha zazibuthathaka kakhulu kwaye azizange zenze umsebenzi olungileyo wokuhambisa abadlali abangama-22 kwiscreen.
Kodwa iMadden NFL 20 (2019) ngamanye amaxesha ibonakala ngathi ubukele umdlalo wokwenyani.
Madden NFL 20 (2019)
I-franchise yaseMadden ivuselelwa minyaka le. Kwaye nangona ukhupho olutsha alufumani utshintsho olukhulu ngokwemizobo, i-EA ifumene amathuba aneleyo okuphucula ubunyani bento eyenzekayo.
5. King’s Quest (1983) kunye neKing’s Quest: Epilogue (2015)
Ukufuna kweKumkani (1983)
Ukulandela i-adventure yosapho lwasebukhosini loBukumkani bukaDaventry, uchungechunge lweKing's Quest lunemidlalo elishumi ekhulise igama lomphuhlisi walo, iSierra. Kumdlalo wokuqala ngo-1983, umdlali wayelawula iqhawe eliselula uMhlekazi Graham, owayekhangela ubutyebi bomlingo ukuze abe ngukumkani omtsha.
Ewe, umdlalo wawubukeka njengekhathuni ngesandla, kwaye ewe, umsebenzisi kufuneka achwetheze imiyalelo efana ne-adventure yombhalo oqhelekileyo, kodwa ngexesha layo iprojekthi ibonakala imangalisa. Inyani yeyokuba iKing's Quest ngumdlalo wokuqala we-adventure enabalinganiswa abanoopopayi. Ngaphambi koku, imidlalo yayisebenzisa kuphela umbhalo kunye nemifanekiso engatshintshiyo.
Ngo-2015, umphuhlisi we-Odd Gentlemen waqala ngokutsha i-franchise ye-King's Quest, ecinga kwakhona imizobo kunye nokuhlawula imbeko kwimidlalo yokuqala. Izahluko ezithandathu zapapashwa kwiminyaka emibini.
King's Quest: Epilogue (2015)
Umdlalo usajongeka utsalwa ngesandla (spoiler: unjalo), kodwa ngoku uneenkcukacha ezintsonkothileyo ezinikezelwe ngekhompyuter. Abaqulunqi beKing's Quest baphumelele esi siphumo kuba ngokwenene bazoba ngesandla kwaye bafaka imibala kwimifanekiso, emva koko bayiskena kwaye bayifaka kwikhompyuter.
6. IDOOM (1993) kunye neDOOM (2016)
I-DoOM (1993)
Ngowe-1993 yaba lithuba lokutshintsha kwishishini lemidlalo yedesktop. I-DOOM yakhululwa kwaye yaba luphawu lwabadubuli bomntu wokuqala. Emdlalweni, ulwandle lwaselwandle luzama ukubamba uhlaselo lweedemon.
Lo ngomnye wemidlalo ebaluleke kakhulu kwimbali yemidlalo yekhompyuter. I-DOOM yenza i-buzz ejikeleze abadubuli kwaye yaphembelela ukuvela kwemizobo ye-3D, edala imfuno yamakhadi emizobo asebenza kakhulu. Imizobo yeDOOM yokuqala ngo-1993 yayiyilekese yamehlo esulungekileyo.
Kwaye i-DOOM eyinyani ye-2016 ibonisa ukuba zininzi izinto ezibonakalayo ezitshintshileyo kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini.
I-DoOM (2016)
Abahlalutyi banamhlanje abahoyi kakhulu kwiigraphics kwesi sihloko, kwaye oko kuthetha kakhulu. Siqhele ukuba phantse imifanekiso yebhanyabhanya kwimidlalo, kwaye ngoku sigxile kakhulu kumdlalo wokudlala okanye imfundiso.
7. Ihlabathi le-Warcraft (2004) kunye nehlabathi le-Warcraft: Idabi le-Azeroth (2018)
I-World of Warcraft (2004) ithathwa njengomlutha ngabanye, kwaye iingxoxo malunga nomdlalo ziqhubekile iminyaka emininzi. Yena ngokunjalo ngeziyobisi.
Ihlabathi leWarcraft (2004)
Ukuba ukhule udlala iWorld of Warcraft, kungcono uhlale phantsi - yena , oku kuthetha ukuba lo mdlalo sele uneminyaka eyi-15 ubudala.
UWoW ngokusisiseko waseka uhlobo lweMMORPG. Ngo-2008 iprojekthi iphelele . Ngexesha lokukhululwa, umdlalo wawuyinyameko yamehlo, nangona isisombululo sawo siphantsi kunye nokungabikho komthunzi wokwenene.
Ukutyhubela iminyaka, abaphuhlisi benze iinguqu ezimbalwa nje ukwenza iWorld of Warcraft: Idabi leAzeroth (2018) libukeke lihle.
Ihlabathi leWarcraft: Idabi leAzeroth (2018)
Ngokungafaniyo nemidlalo emininzi, i-World of Warcraft ibonelela ngamava omnye, aqhubekayo kwi-intanethi kunye nohlaziyo olunqabileyo olunokufaniswa nokulungisa inqwelomoya phakathi kwenqwelomoya. Ipakethi yokwandisa yesixhenxe ngo 2018, ukususela ngoko imizobo World of Warcraft universe azitshintshanga.
Okumangalisayo kukuba, nangona imizobo kwishishini ihambele phambili kakhulu (umzekelo, amanzi aye atshintshatshintsha, intyatyambo ichumile, izithunzi zithambile), iBlizzard yenza utshintsho lwamanyathelo ngamanyathelo kuphela, ngaphandle kokutshintsha umbane. umfanekiso ngokupheleleyo.
8. I-Sims (2000) kunye ne-Sims 4 (2014)
I-Sims yaqala yadalwa njenge-dollhouse ebonakalayo.
IiSims (2000)
Emva kwendlu yakhe , umyili uWill Wright wakhawula i-Sims njengesixhobo sokuhlala esilinganisweni sokuhlala. Lo mdlalo ibingengowokuqala kuhlobo lwayo, kuba iSimCity, iSimFarm kunye neSimLife sele ikhona.
Nangona kunjalo, ukulawula ubomi babantu ngokuthe ngqo kuye kwaba sisisombululo esimnandi nesingaqhelekanga. Umdlalo lulinganiso lwebhokisi yesanti-awunokuphumelela okanye uphulukane nayo. Ikhutshwe kwi-2000, i-Sims yaba yinto yokubetha ngoko nangoko.
I-Sims 4 (2014) ngokuqinisekileyo yahlukile kumdlalo wokuqala, kodwa iinjongo kunye ne-aesthetic jikelele iyafana.
I-Sims 4 (2014)
I-Sims 4 yakhululwa kwiminyaka emihlanu eyadlulayo, kodwa umdlalo unako iipakethe ezininzi zokwandisa - ngaphezu kwee-add-ons ze-20. Ngokubonakalayo, umdlalo awunawo nawuphi na umlinganiswa wenguqu, kunoko wendaleko.
Ngo-2000, imizobo yekhompyuter yayisele ikhulile kakhulu, kodwa kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo, i-Sims yakwazi ukuqinisa "inyani yeekhathuni." Iintshukumo zomlinganiswa ziye zaba zezendalo, inkangeleko yobuso iye yachaneka ngakumbi, kwaye yonke into ekwisikrini iye yaba nkulu.
9. UMike Tyson's Punch-Out!!! (1987) kunye ne-EA Sports UFC 3 (2018)
UMike Tyson's Punch-Out!!! (1987)
UMike Tyson's Punch-Out!!! (kamva yafinyelelwa kwiPunch-Out!!) yakhutshwa kwi-NES ngo-1987. Iprojekthi ibikukwenziwa lula komdlalo we-arcade kuba i-NES ibingenawo umzobo wokubonisa abalinganiswa abaneenkcukacha. Ngokukodwa, i-protagonist uLittle Mac wenziwa mfutshane ngabom ukuze amkele imizobo yeconsole.
I-iconic Punch Out ayisekho kwimveliso, kodwa kulungile - yazala lonke uhlobo lwemidlalo yekarati. I-EA Sports UFC 3 yenye yeeprojekthi ezithathe le nduku.
EA Sports UFC 3 (2018)
I-EA Sports UFC 3 (2018) ayinayo uMike Tyson, kodwa ibonakalisa inyani, imizobo yanamhlanje ethandwa ngabalandeli be-eSports.
Lo ngumdlalo wokulwa osekwe kubugcisa bokulwa obuxubeneyo. Isenokungabonakali njenge-photorealistic njenge-Madden NFL 20. Kodwa abaphuhlisi banexesha elinzima kuba abalinganiswa bathatha indawo enkulu yesikrini - yonke into kufuneka ibonakale ichanekile kwaye iyinyani, njengakwimidlalo yangempela.
10. Galaxian (1979) kunye neGalaga Revenge (2019)
eGalaxian (1979)
IGalaxian yakhululwa ngo-1979. Abanye bayigqala njengengena ezihlangwini zowe-1978 zaBahlaseli basemajukujukwini. UGalaxian ukhuthaze uninzi lwemidlalo yokudubula ebamba isiphekepheke sodwa ngokuchasene namaza angapheliyo abaphambukeli. Yayingomnye wemidlalo yokuqala ye-arcade ukusebenzisa umbala.
Impindezelo yeGalaga (2019)
Galaxian ulandelelwano oluninzi kunye neeclones, kwaye yavelisa uhlobo olupheleleyo. Ipholile kangakanani imizobo? Jonga isihloko seGalaga Revenge (2019), ye-iOS kunye ne-Android. Uphuculo lusenokungabonakali lunomtsalane kangako xa luthelekiswa neminye imidlalo yanamhlanje ye-smartphone. Namhlanje, imizobo eqaqambileyo nedlamkileyo enemifanekiso eshukumayo yotshaba ayinanto yakwenza nemincili, kodwa ingamawaka eminyaka yokukhanya phambi kweyangaphambili '70s yabo.
11. Ukuqhekeka (1976) kunye ne-Cyberpong VR (2016)
Ukuqhambuka (1976)
Ukuqhekeka kwavela kwi-1976 kwii-arcades, kwaye kwiminyaka emibini kamva yathunyelwa kwi-Atari 2600. Emva koko, yahlaziywa ngokungapheliyo, yahlaziywa, yahlanganiswa kwaye yaphinda yakhululwa. Uye wazalwa ngokutsha okuqaqambileyo kwePong (1972).
Ukuqhekeka yiprojekthi elula kakhulu ngokwemizobo, enembonakalo elula kunye neqela lemibala esetyenzisiweyo. Kakade ke, umdlalo Umseki we-Apple uSteve Wozniak.
Namhlanje kukho amakhulu eentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeBreakout-kwiPC, iiconsoles, kunye neefowuni. Uninzi lwazo lujonge ukuchukumisa umsebenzisi ngemizobo yabo. Mhlawumbi owona mzekelo ubalaseleyo obonisa ukuvela komfanekiso (2016), iphuhliselwe i-HTC Vive.
I-Cyberpong VR (2016)
Okunye okuninzi
Ngelixa ndiguqulela izinto, ndikhumbule imizekelo emininzi efanelekileyo neyaziwayo ukuba ngesizathu esithile umbhali uphosile. Nazi ezinye zazo:
I-Tomb Raider (1996) kunye ne-Shadow ye-Tomb Raider (2018)
Ububi boMhlali (1996) kunye nobubi boMhlali 2 (ukulungisa) (2019)
Isidingo seSpeed (1994) kunye nesidingo sobushushu besantya (2019)
I-Metal Gear (1987) kunye ne-Metal Gear Solid V: Intlungu yePhantom (2015)
Super Mario Bros. (1985) kunye noSuper Mario Odyssey (2017)
Grand Theft Auto (1997) kunye Grand Theft Auto V (2015)
Ibhola ekhatywayo yeFIFA yaMazwe ngaMazwe (1993) kunye neFIFA 20 (2019)
Umnxeba woMsebenzi (ngo-2003) kunye noMbizo loMsebenzi: iMfazwe yanamhlanje (2019)
umthombo: www.habr.com