Ingqiqo esemthethweni "yesicelo-impendulo" ekufundeni isiNgesi: iingenelo zabaprogram

Ndihlala ndigcina ukuba ezona ngcali zolwimi zinetalente ngabaqulunqi benkqubo. Oku kungenxa yendlela yabo yokucinga, okanye, ukuba uyathanda, ngotshintsho oluthile lobuchwephesha.

Ukwandisa isihloko, ndiza kukunika amabali ambalwa ebomini bam. Xa kwakukho ukunqongophala kwi-USSR, kwaye umyeni wam wayeyinkwenkwana, abazali bakhe bafumana i-sausage kwenye indawo kwaye bakhonza etafileni ngeholide. Iindwendwe zahamba, inkwenkwe yajonga isoseji eseleyo etafileni, yasikwa kwizangqa ezicocekileyo, yabuza ukuba isafuneka na. "Yithathe!" - abazali bavunyelwe. Ewe, yayithatha, yangena eyadini, yaza yaqalisa ukusebenzisa isoseji ukufundisa iikati zommelwane ukuhamba ngemilenze yazo yangasemva. UMama noTata babona baza bacatshukiswa kukumoshwa kwemveliso enqabileyo. Kodwa le nkwenkwana yayibhidekile yada yakhubeka. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, akazange ayibile kwi-sly, kodwa ngokunyaniseka wabuza ukuba usayidinga na isausage ...

Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, le nkwenkwana yaba ngumdwelisi wenkqubo xa yakhula.

Ebudaleni, ingcali ye-IT iqokelele amabali amaninzi ahlekisayo. Ngokomzekelo, ngenye imini ndacela umyeni wam ukuba andithengele inkukhu. Inkulu kwaye imhlophe ngombala ukuba intaka ibe. Ngebhongo weza nedada elikhulu elimhlophe... Ndabuza ukuba, ubuncinane ngokusekelwe kwixabiso (idada libiza kakhulu), akazange azibuze ukuba wayethenga intaka efanelekileyo? Impendulo kum yathi: “Ke, awuthethanga nto ngexabiso. Yathi intaka inkulu kwaye imhlophe. Ndakhetha eyona ntaka inkulu nemhlophe kuluhlu lulonke! Ndiwugqibile umsebenzi.” Ndaphefumlela phezulu, ndathi cwaka ndibulela emazulwini ukuba kwakungekho turkey evenkileni ngaloo mini. Ngokubanzi, saba nedada kwisidlo sangokuhlwa.

Ewe, kunye nezinye iimeko ezininzi apho umntu ongalungiselelanga unokukrokrela ukunyathela kanzima kwaye akhubeke. Sihamba ecaleni kolwandle olumnandi olusemazantsi, ndiphupha ndisithi: “Owu, ngokwenene ndifuna into enencasa...” Yena, ejongisisa, abuze ngononophelo: “Ngaba ufuna ndivune iziqhamo zecactus?”

I pouted, caustically ndibuza ukuba kwenzeke ngempazamo kuye ukuba andise kwi cafe epholileyo namaqebengwana, umzekelo. Umyeni wam waphendula ukuba akazange abone i-cafe kuloo ndawo, kodwa iziqhamo zepearly prickly azibonile kwi-cactus thickets zazinambitheka kakhulu kwaye zinokwanelisa isicelo sam. Isengqiqweni.

Uyakhubeka? Wanga kwaye uxolele? Ukuhleka?

Olu phawu lokucinga lobuchwephesha, oluthi ngamanye amaxesha luvuse izinto ezingaqhelekanga kubomi bemihla ngemihla, lunokusetyenziswa ziingcali ze-IT kumsebenzi onzima wokufunda isiNgesi.

Indlela yokucinga eboniswe apha ngasentla (engeyiyo ingcali yezengqondo, ndingazama ukuyichaza ngokwemeko njengesesikweni-isengqiqweni),

a) unxulumana nemigaqo ethile yengqondo yomntu;

b) inxulumana ngokugqibeleleyo nemiba ethile yengqiqo yegrama yesiNgesi.

Iimpawu zengqiqo yesicelo

I-Psychology ikholelwa ukuba i-subconscious yomntu iqonda yonke into ngokoqobo kwaye ayinayo ingqiqo. Njengekhompyuter, apho ingcali ye-IT ichitha ixesha elininzi "inxibelelana" kunabantu. Ndeva isafobe sesinye isazi ngengqondo: “Ingqondo engaphantsi kwengqondo sisigebenga esingenamehlo, noburharha, nesithatha yonke into ngokoqobo. Kwaye ukwazi kusisigantsontso esibonwayo esihlala entanyeni yesigebenga size sisilawule.”

Ngowuphi umyalelo ofundwa sisigebenga esingaphantsi kwengqondo xa iLilliputian consciousness isithi: "Ndidinga ukufunda isiNgesi"? Ingqondo engaphantsi kwengqondo iyayamkela ISICELO: "funda isiNgesi." Ingqondo elula "inkulu" iqala ukusebenza ngenkuthalo ukwenza umyalelo, ikhuphe IMPENDULO: inkqubo yokufunda. Uya kufunda ukuba ngesiNgesi kukho i-gerund, kukho isenzi sokubakho, kukho ilizwi elisebenzayo, kukho ilizwi eliqhelekileyo, kukho iifom zexesha, kukho into eyinkimbinkimbi kunye ne-subjunctive mood, kukho ukwahlula okwenyani. , kukho ii-syntagmas, njl.

Ngaba ulufundile ulwimi? Ewe. "Isigebenga" sawugqiba umsebenzi walo - ulufunde ngokunyaniseka ulwimi. Ngaba usazi kakuhle isiNgesi xa usebenza? Kunzima. I-subconscious ayizange ifumane isicelo sokulawula.

Uthini umahluko phakathi kokufunda nokuba nobuchule?

Uphononongo lucazululo, ukwahlula yonke into yangamacandelo. Ubuchule bukudibanisa, ukudibanisa amalungu abe yinto epheleleyo. Iindlela zokuthetha, ngokuphandle, zichasene. Iindlela zokufunda kunye nobuchule obusebenzayo zahlukile.

Ukuba eyona njongo iphambili kukufunda ukusebenzisa ulwimi njengesixhobo, umsebenzi ke kufuneka uqulunqwe ngokoqobo: “Ndidinga ukufunda isiNgesi.” Kuya kuba ncinane ukuphoxeka.

Njengoko isicelo, kunjalo impendulo

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ulwimi lwesiNgesi lubonakaliswa ngokusesikweni okuthile. Umzekelo, umbuzo obuziweyo awunakuphendulwa ngesiNgesi nangayiphi na indlela othanda ngayo. Unokuphendula kuphela ngendlela onikwe ngayo. Ngaloo ndlela, kumbuzo othi "Ngaba uyityile ikhekhe?" inokuphendulwa kuphela ngendlela efanayo yegrama: "Ewe, ndinayo / Hayi, andikayenzi." Hayi "yenza" okanye "am". Ngokufanayo, ku "Ngaba uyityile ikhekhe?" Impendulo echanekileyo iya kuba "Ewe, ndenze / Hayi, andizange.", kwaye akukho "ndinayo" okanye "ibi". Uthini umbuzo, yimpendulo.

Izithethi zaseRashiya zihlala zididekile xa zingesiNgesi, ukuze uvumele into ethile, kufuneka uphendule kakubi, kwaye ukuze unqande into ethile, kufuneka uphendule kakuhle. Umzekelo:

• Uyakukhathalela ukutshaya kwam? - Ewe ndiyavuma. — (Walela ukutshaya phambi kwakho.)
• Uyakukhathalela ukutshaya kwam? - Hayi andenzi njalo. - (Undivumele ukuba nditshaye.)

Emva kwakho konke, i-instinct yendalo yengqondo yokuthetha isiRashiya kukuphendula "ewe" xa uvumela, kwaye "hayi" xa unqanda. Kutheni kukho enye indlela apha esiNgesini?

Ingqiqo esesikweni. Xa siphendula umbuzo ngesiNgesi, asiphenduli kangako kwimeko yokwenyani njengegrama yesivakalisi esisivayo. Kwaye kwigrama umbuzo wethu ngulo: "Ngaba uyakhathala?" - "Ngaba uyachasa?" Ngokufanelekileyo, uphendule "Ewe, ndiyayenza." - i-interlocutor, ephendula kwingqiqo yegrama, ithi "Ewe, ndiyayichasa," oko kukuthi, iyanqanda, kwaye ayivumeli konke konke isenzo, njengoko kuya kuba nengqiqo kwingqiqo yesimo. Njengoko umbuzo, kunjalo impendulo.

Ungquzulwano olufanayo phakathi kwengqiqo yemeko kunye negrama lucatshukiswa zizicelo ezinje ngo “Unga...?” Ungothuki xa uphendula eyakho:

• Ungandinika ityuwa, nceda?
  iNgesi liya kuphendula:
• Ewe, bendinako.

... kwaye ngokuzolileyo uqhubeka nesidlo sakhe ngaphandle kokudlulisela ityuwa kuwe. Wambuza ukuba angayidlulisa na ityuwa. Waphendula wathi unako. Awuzange umcele ukuba akunike: "Ngaba uya ...?" Abantu abathetha isiNgesi bomthonyama bahlala beqhula ngolu hlobo. Mhlawumbi imvelaphi ye-humor edumileyo yesiNgesi ilele ngokuchanekileyo kwi-intersection ye-contradict phakathi kwe-grammatical and situational logic ... Kanye nje ngokuhlekisa kwabaprogram, awucingi?

Ke, xa uqala ukufunda isiNgesi, kuyavakala ukuphinda kuqwalaselwe igama lesicelo. Ngapha koko, xa sifika, ngokomzekelo, kwisikolo sokuqhuba, sithi: “Kufuneka ndifunde ukuqhuba imoto,” kungekhona “kufuneka ndifundele ukuqhuba.”

Ngaphezu koko, xa esebenza notitshala, umfundi usebenzisana nenkqubo yakhe yokuqonda. Utitshala ukwanazo ne-subconscious, ethi, njengabo bonke abantu, isebenze kumgaqo "wesicelo-impendulo". Ukuba utitshala akanamava kangangokuba "aguqulele" isicelo somfundi kulwimi lweemfuno zakhe zokwenyani, i-subconscious katitshala inokuqonda isicelo somfundi njengesicelo sokufunda, kwaye hayi ukugqwesa. Kwaye umfundisi-ntsapho uya kuphendula ngehlombe aze anelise isicelo, kodwa ulwazi olunikezelwa kwisifundo aluyi kuba kukuzaliseka kwentswelo yokwenene yomfundi.

“Yoyikani iminqweno yenu” (C)? Ngaba ukhangele utitshala we-telepathic onokuguqulela izicelo zakho kulwimi lweemfuno zakho zangempela? Nceda wenze 'isicelo' ngokuchanekileyo? Krwela umgca phantsi koko kufunekayo. Ngendlela enobuchule kwishishini, ngabacwangcisi benkqubo ekufuneka bathethe isiNgesi ngaphezu kwabo bonke, ngenxa yeempawu ezikhethekileyo zembono yabo yehlabathi nangenxa yeempawu ezikhethekileyo zolwimi lwesiNgesi ngolo hlobo. Isitshixo kwimpumelelo yindlela efanelekileyo.

umthombo: www.habr.com