Kutheni siwuthanda umdyarho weemoto? Ngenxa yokungaqiniseki kwabo, umzabalazo onamandla wabalinganiswa babaqhubi beenqwelo-moya, isantya esiphezulu kunye nokubuyisela ngokukhawuleza ngempazamo encinci. Umba woluntu kugqatso uthetha lukhulu. Kodwa kwenzeka ntoni ukuba abantu bathatyathelwa indawo yisoftware? Abaququzeleli be-Formula E kunye ne-British venture capital fund Kinetik, eyenziwe yigosa laseRashiya langaphambili uDenis Sverdlov, baqinisekile ukuba into ekhethekileyo iya kuvela. Yaye banazo zonke izizathu zokuthetha oku.
Funda ngakumbi malunga nokubaleka iimoto zombane ezixhotyiswe ngobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kwinqaku elilandelayo elivela kwi-Cloud4Y.
Isihloko somdyarho weemoto ongaqhubiyo saqala ukuxoxwa ngokunyanisekileyo ngo-2015 ngenxa yempumelelo yeFomula E. Iimoto zombane kuphela ezivumelekileyo ukuba zisetyenziswe kolu luhlu lomdyarho. Kodwa iinkampani zagqiba ekubeni ziqhubele phambili, zibeke phambili imfuno yokuba iimoto zizimele. Injongo yabo kukubonisa amandla e-AI kunye neerobhothi kwezemidlalo, kunye nokuphuhliswa kobuchwepheshe obutsha.
Umbono wokubamba ubuntshatsheli ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwezithuthi zombane ezizimeleyo zaxhaswa yinkampani. (enye yezahlulo zayo ngumxhasi , yingakho sagqiba ekubeni sibhale eli nqaku). Kwaye kwagqitywa ekubeni onke amaqela asebenzise i-chassis efanayo kunye nokudluliselwa.
Yima, yintoni?
Kubonakala ukuba imoto nganye iya kuba neempawu ezifanayo kwaye akukho nkcukacha ezongezelelweyo? Ithini inqaku likaRoborace ngoko?
Ubuqhophololo abukho kwiimpawu zobugcisa, kodwa kwii-algorithms zokuhambisa imoto ecaleni kwendlela. Amaqela kuya kufuneka aphuhlise eyawo ixesha lokwenyani i-algorithms yekhompyuter kunye netekhnoloji yobukrelekrele bokwenziwa. Oko kukuthi, iinzame eziphambili ziya kujoliswa ekudaleni isoftware eya kugqiba indlela yokuziphatha kwemoto yomdyarho kumzila.
Enyanisweni, indlela amaqela eRoborace asebenza ngayo ayahlukanga kakhulu kwimveli βyomntuβ. Basuka baqeqeshe nje umqhubi wenqwelomoya, kodwa ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa. Kuya kuba nomdla ngakumbi ukubona indlela amaqela aya kuhlangabezana ngayo nemozulu embi kwaye afunde ukukuphepha ukungqubana. Inkalo yokugqibela ibaluleke kakhulu ekukhanyeni kwentlekele yamva nje kunye no-Antoine Hubert. Ngokwethiyori, itekhnoloji yokulawula βsmartβ inokudluliselwa kwiimoto eziqhutywa ngabantu.
Umdyarho weRobhorace
Ukuqala kovavanyo lweRoborace, olucwangciselwe ixesha le-2016-2017, kwafuneka luhlehliswe ngenxa yetekhnoloji engafezekanga. Kumboniso weParis ePrix ekuqaleni kuka-2017, abaphuhlisi baqala bakhulula iprototype esebenzayo yeRoboCar kumzila, emva koko imoto yahamba ngokukhawuleza kunomntu ohamba ngeenyawo. Kwaye ngasekupheleni konyaka, njengenxalenye yeprojekthi yeRoborace, imiboniso emininzi yeemoto zeDevBot yabanjwa phambi komdyarho weFomula E.
Ugqatso lokuqala, apho iimoto ezimbini zokuziqhuba zithatha inxaxheba, zenzeke eBuenos Aires kwaye zaphela ngengozi xa i-drone "yokubamba" ingena ekujikeni ngokukhawuleza, yaza yaphuma kumkhondo kwaye yawela kumqobo.
Kwabakho esinye isiganeko esihlekisayo: inja yabalekela ebaleni. Nangona kunjalo, imoto ephumelele ugqatso ikwazile ukuyibona, kwaye ujikeleze. Olu gqatso sele lukhona kuHabre. Nangona kunjalo, ukusilela kwabacaphukisa abaphuhlisi kuphela: nangona kunjalo bagqiba kwelokuba babambe ubuntshatsheli bokuqala beemoto zomdyarho ezingenabantu - iRoborace Season Alpha.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuba umahluko ngexesha lokugqiba indlela phakathi komntu kunye ne-AI yi-10-20%, kwaye yiprogram esala ngasemva. Inxalenye yoku kungenxa yokhuseleko. Kwiingoma ze-Formula E kukho imiqobo yekhonkrithi apho abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kunye neelidi zikhokelwa. Kodwa umntu unokuzibeka esichengeni aze ahambe kufutshane nazo ukuba uyayiva kakuhle imoto. AI andikwazi ukuyenza loo nto okwangoku. Ukuba izibalo zekhompyutheni zijika ziphosakele nokuba yisentimitha, imoto iya kubhabha isuka kumkhondo kwaye ikhuphe ivili.
Yintoni ecetywayo ngabaququzeleli. Ubuntshatsheli buzakubandakanya izigaba ezili-10 kwiindlela zesitrato ezifanayo njengakwiFomula E. Ubuncinci ngamaqela ali-9 kufuneka athathe inxaxheba kugqatso, elinye lawo liya kwenziwa kusetyenziswa i- crowdsourcing. Iqela ngalinye liya kuba neemoto ezimbini (ezifanayo, njengoko ukhumbulayo). Ixesha logqatso liya kuba malunga neyure enye.
Yintoni ngoku. Amaqela amathathu alungele ukuthatha inxaxheba kugqatso ukuza kuthi ga ngoku: Ukufika, iYunivesithi yezobuGcisa yaseMunich kunye neYunivesithi yasePisa. Olunye usuku kunye neYunivesithi yobuGcisa yaseGraz. Imisitho ayisasazwa ngqo, kodwa irekhodwa kwaye ithunyelwe kuYouTube njengeziqephu ezimfutshane. Ezinye izinto zipapashwa kwi .
Iimoto eRoborace
Ngokuqinisekileyo uyazibuza ukuba ngubani oweza noyilo lwezithuthi zombane ezizimeleyo kunye nokuba zeziphi iimpawu zabo zobugcisa. Siphendula ngokulandelelana. Inqwelo-mafutha yomdyarho eyakhiwe ngenjongo yokuqala yehlabathi, iRoboCar, iyilwe nguDaniel Simon, umyili owaqala umsebenzi wakhe kubukhosi beVolkswagen, esebenzela iAudi, Bentley kunye neBugatti. Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo ebesenza ishishini lakhe, eyila iiliveries zeemoto zeFomula 1 kwaye esebenza njengomcebisi weDisney. Ukhe wawubona umsebenzi wakhe: USimon wayila iimoto zeefilim ezinjengePrometheus, uCaptain America, Oblivion kunye neTron: Legacy.
I-chassis yayiphantse yafana ne-teardrop, eyaphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-aerodynamic yemoto. Imoto ilinganisa malunga ne-1350 kg, ubude bayo buyi-4,8 m, ububanzi bayo buyi-2 m. Ixhotywe ngeenjini zombane ze-135 kW ezivelisa ngaphezu kwe-500 hp, kwaye isebenzisa ibhetri ye-840 V. Ukuhamba, iinkqubo zokukhanya, iirada, iilida kunye neenzwa ze-ultrasonic. I-RoboCar ikhawuleza ukuya kuma-300 km/h.
Kamva, ngokusekelwe kule moto, kwaphuhliswa entsha, ebizwa DevBot. Yayiquka amacandelo angaphakathi afanayo (iibhetri, i-motor, i-electronics) njenge-RoboCar, kodwa yayisekelwe kwi-chassis ye-Ginetta LMP3.
Imoto yeDevBot 2.0 nayo yenziwe. Isebenzisa iteknoloji efanayo neRoboCar / DevBot, kwaye utshintsho oluphambili luhambisa i-drive kwi-axle yangasemva kuphela, indawo yomqhubi ophantsi ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko, kunye nomzimba odibeneyo oqhelekileyo.
βYima, yima, yima,β utsho. βSithetha ngeemoto ezizimeleyo. Uvela phi umqhubi wenqwelo-moya? Ewe, enye yeemodeli ze-DevBot ibandakanya isihlalo somntu, kodwa zombini iimoto zizimele ngokupheleleyo, ngoko banokuhamba kuhola wendlela ngaphandle kwayo. Okwangoku, iimoto ze-DevBot 2.0 zithatha inxaxheba kugqatso. Bayakwazi ukukhawulezisa ukuya kwi-320 km/h kwaye banenjini entle kakhulu enamandla angama-300 kilowatts. Ukuhamba kunye nokuqhelaniswa nomzila, i-DevBot 2.0 nganye ifumene i-lidars ezi-5, ii-radars ezi-2, ii-sensor ze-ultrasonic ze-18, i-GNSS i-satellite navigation system, iikhamera ezi-6, i-2 optical speed sensors. Imilinganiselo yemoto ayizange itshintshe, kodwa ubunzima buye buye bafikelela kwiikhilogram ezingama-975.
Iprosesa ye-Nvidia Drive PX2 enegunya le-teraflops ye-8 inoxanduva lokucwangcisa idatha kunye nokulawula isithuthi. Sinokuthi le nto ilingana ne-160 laptops. UBryn Balcomb, umlawuli wophuhliso lobuchule (CSO) weRoborace, waphawula enye inkalo yobugcisa enomdla kumatshini: inkqubo ye-GNSS, eyi-fiber-optic gyroscope. Ichanekile kangangokuba nomkhosi unokuba nomdla. Ngenxa yokuba itekhnoloji yokukhokela imoto ifana kakhulu nenkqubo yesikhokelo yemijukujelwa. Unokuthi i-DevBot yirokethi ezimeleyo enamavili.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngoku
Ugqatso lokuqala lweRoborace Season Alpha lwenzeka kwisekethe yaseMonteblanco. Amaqela amabini adibana apho-iqela elivela kwiYunivesithi yoBugcisa yaseMunich kunye nokuFika kweQela. Umdyarho ubuquka imijikelo esi-8 ejikeleze umzila. Ngapha koko, izithintelo zabekwa ekugqithiseni nasekuqhubeni ukuze kuncitshiswe umngcipheko weengozi kunye nokuvavanya i-algorithms ye-AI. Ugqatso lwenzeka ngorhatya ukuze lubenekamva eliqaqambileyo kwaye lube nemibala.
Ukugqitywa ngempumelelo komdyarho kwabhengezwa nguLucas di Grassi, umqhubi we-Audi Sport ABT Formula E kunye nomqhubi weqela le-Virgin F1, okwangu-CEO weRoborace. Ngokoluvo lwakhe, iimoto ezingaqhubiyo ziya kudala ukhuphiswano olongezelelweyo kushishino lomdyarho. βAkukho mntu uza kuthi i-Deep Blue ibethe uGarry Kasparov, kwaye siphulukene nomdla kwimidlalo yechess. Abantu baya kuhlala bekhuphisana. Siphuhlisa nje itekhnoloji,β utshilo uDi Grassi.
Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, abanye abaphuhlisi ababenesandla ekudaleni iRoborace bavumela ithuba "lokudlulisela ubuntu" babaleki abadumileyo be-F-1 kwi-AI. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba ulayisha kwisiseko sedatha zonke iintlanga ngokuthatha inxaxheba komqhubi othile, unokuphinda wenze isimbo sakhe sokuqhuba. Kwaye uvelise kwakhona elugqatsweni. Ewe, oku kunokufuna amandla ongezelelweyo, i-computing yamafu amade, kunye novavanyo oluninzi. Kodwa ekugqibeleni, uMichael Schumacher, u-Ayrton Senna, u-Alain Prost kunye no-Niki Lauda baya kudibana kwindlela efanayo. Unokongeza uJuan Pablo Montoya, u-Eddie Irvine, u-Emerson Fittipaldi, uNelson Pique kubo. Bendiya kujonga lonto. Kwaye wena?
Yintoni enye onokuyifunda kwiblogi?
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Bhalisela yethu -ijelo ukuze ungaphoswa linqaku elilandelayo! Asibhali ngaphezu kwesibini ngeveki kwaye kuphela kwishishini.
umthombo: www.habr.com