INkundla ePhakamileyo yase-US ikhuphe isigqibo malunga nokuqwalaselwa kwetyala le-Oracle v. Google, eliye ladonsa ukususela ngo-2010, elinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwe-Java API kwi-platform ye-Android. Inkundla ephakamileyo isecaleni likaGoogle kwaye yafumanisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwayo kweJava API kusetyenziso olufanelekileyo.
Inkundla yavuma ukuba injongo yeGoogle yayikukudala inkqubo eyahlukileyo ejolise ekusombululeni iingxaki zemeko yekhompyuter eyahlukileyo (ii-smartphones), kunye nophuhliso lweqonga le-Android lanceda ukuqonda kunye nokwazisa le njongo. Imbali ibonisa ukuba kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo apho ukuphunyezwa kojongano kwakhona kunokufaka isandla kuphuhliso olongezelelweyo lweenkqubo zekhompyuter. Iinjongo zikaGoogle ibikukuphumeza inkqubela efanayo yokuyila, eyona njongo yomthetho welungelo lokushicilela.
I-Google iboleke malunga nemigca ye-11500 yezakhiwo ze-API, eyi-0.4% kuphela yokuphunyezwa kwe-API yemigca ye-2.86 yezigidi. Ngenxa yobukhulu kunye nokubaluleka kwekhowudi esetyenzisiweyo, imigca ye-11500 yayigqalwa yinkundla njengenxalenye enye encinci yecala elikhulu kakhulu. Njengenxalenye yojongano lwenkqubo, imitya ekhutshelweyo idityaniswe ngokungenakuhluzwa yenye (non-Oracle) ikhowudi esetyenziswa ngabaprogram. UGoogle ukhuphele isiqwenga sekhowudi ebuzwayo hayi ngenxa yokugqibelela kwayo okanye izibonelelo zokusebenza, kodwa ngenxa yokuba yenza abadwelisi benkqubo basebenzise izakhono ezikhoyo kwindawo entsha yekhompyuter yee-smartphones.
Masikhumbule ukuba ngo-2012, ijaji enamava eprogram yavumelana nesikhundla sikaGoogle kwaye yaqaphela ukuba igama lomthi elenza i-API liyinxalenye yesakhiwo somyalelo - isethi yabalinganiswa abahambelana nomsebenzi othile. Uluhlu olunjalo lwemiyalelo lutolikwa ngumthetho welungelo lokukhuphela njengengaphantsi kwelungelo lokushicilela, kuba ukuphinda-phindwa kwesakhiwo somyalelo kuyimfuneko yokuqinisekisa ukuhambelana nokuphatheka. Ngoko ke, isazisi semigca enezibhengezo kunye neenkcazo zentloko zeendlela azinandaba - ukuphumeza ukusebenza okufanayo, amagama omsebenzi awenza i-API kufuneka ahambelane, nokuba umsebenzi ngokwawo uphunyezwe ngokwahlukileyo. Ekubeni inye kuphela indlela yokuvakalisa ingcamango okanye umsebenzi, wonk’ ubani ukhululekile ukusebenzisa izibhengezo ezifanayo, yaye akukho bani unokuwalawula yedwa loo mabinzana.
I-Oracle yafaka isibheno kwaye yafumana iNkundla yeSibheno yase-US ukuba iguqule isigqibo - inkundla yesibheno yaqaphela ukuba i-Java API yi-Oracle's intellectual property. Emva koko, i-Google yatshintsha amaqhinga kwaye yazama ukubonisa ukuba ukuphunyezwa kwe-Java API kwi-platform ye-Android yayisetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye lo mzamo wawuthweswe ngempumelelo. Isikhundla sikaGoogle yayikukuba ukudala isoftware ephathekayo ayifuni ilayisenisi ye-API, kwaye ukuvelisa kwakhona ii-APIs ukwenza izinto ezisebenza ngokulinganayo ezisebenza ngokulinganayo kuthathwa ngokuba "ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo." Ngokutsho kweGoogle, ukuhlelwa kwee-APIs njengepropathi yengqondo kuya kuba nefuthe elibi kwishishini, njengoko lijongela phantsi ukuphuhliswa kwezinto ezintsha, kunye nokudalwa kwe-analogues esebenzayo ehambelanayo yeeplatifomu zesofthiwe ingaba ngumxholo wokumangalelwa.
UOracle wabhena okwesibini, laza kwakhona elo tyala laphinda laqwalaselwa. Inkundla yagweba ukuba umgaqo "wokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo" awusebenzi kwi-Android, ekubeni eli qonga liphuhliswa yi-Google ngeenjongo zokuzingca, aziqapheli ngokuthengiswa ngokuthe ngqo kwemveliso yesofthiwe, kodwa ngokulawula iinkonzo ezihambelanayo kunye neentengiso. Ngelo xesha, i-Google igcina ulawulo kubasebenzisi ngokusebenzisa i-API yobunini yokusebenzisana neenkonzo zayo, ezinqatshelwe ukusetyenziswa ekudaleni ama-analogues asebenzayo, oko kukuthi. Ukusetyenziswa kweJava API akuphelelanga ekusetyenzisweni okungeyontengiso. Ekuphenduleni, uGoogle wafaka isikhalazo kwinkundla ephakamileyo kwaye iNkundla ePhakamileyo yase-US yabuya ukuze iqwalasele umba wokuba ii-APIs ziyipropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda kwaye yenza isigqibo sokugqibela esixhasa uGoogle.
umthombo: opennet.ru