I-Google yazisa i-Flutter 2 i-interface framework yomsebenzisi, ephawula ukuguqulwa kweprojekthi ukusuka kwisakhelo sokuphuhlisa izicelo zeselula zibe yinkqubo yendalo yonke yokudala naluphi na uhlobo lwenkqubo, kuquka iinkqubo zedesktop kunye nezicelo zewebhu.
I-Flutter ibonwa njengenye indlela yeReact Native kwaye ikuvumela ukuba uvelise usetyenziso lwamaqonga ahlukeneyo asekwe kwisiseko sekhowudi enye, kubandakanya i-iOS, i-Android, iWindows, iMacOS kunye neLinux, kunye nezicelo ezisebenza kwizikhangeli. Izicelo zeselula ezibhalwe ngaphambili kwi-Flutter 1 zinokuhlengahlengiswa ukuze zisebenze kwi-desktop nakwiWebhu emva kokutshintshela kwi-Flutter 2 ngaphandle kokuphinda ubhale ikhowudi.
Inxalenye ephambili yekhowudi ye-Flutter iphunyezwe ngolwimi lwe-Dart, kwaye injini ye-runtime yokuqhuba izicelo ibhalwe kwi-C ++. Xa uphuhlisa izicelo, ukongeza kulwimi lweDart lweFlutter, ungasebenzisa ujongano lweDart Foreign Function ukufowunela ikhowudi yeC/C++. Ukusebenza okuphezulu kufezekiswa ngokuqulunqa izicelo kwikhowudi yemveli yamaqonga ekujoliswe kuwo. Kule meko, inkqubo ayifuni ukuphinda iphinde ihlaziywe emva kotshintsho ngalunye - i-Dart ibonelela ngemowudi yokulayisha kwakhona eshushu ekuvumela ukuba wenze utshintsho kwisicelo esisebenzayo kwaye uvavanye ngokukhawuleza umphumo.
I-Flutter 2 inikezela ngenkxaso epheleleyo yokudala izicelo zeWebhu, ezifanelekileyo ukuphunyezwa kwemveliso. Iimeko ezintathu eziphambili zokusebenzisa iFlutter yeWebhu zikhankanyiwe: ukuphuhlisa izicelo zewebhu ezizimeleyo (PWA, Progressive Web Apps), ukudala izicelo zewebhu zephepha elinye (i-SPA, ii-apps zephepha elinye) kunye nokuguqula izicelo zeselula kwizicelo zewebhu. Phakathi kweempawu zezixhobo zophuhliso zeWebhu kukusetyenziswa kweendlela zokukhawulezisa ukunikezelwa kwemizobo ye-2D kunye ne-3D, ukulungelelaniswa okuguquguqukayo kwezinto kwisikrini kunye ne-CanvasKit yokunikezela injini ehlanganiswe kwiWebAssembly.
Inkxaso yosetyenziso lweDesktop ikwi-beta kwaye iya kuzinziswa kamva kulo nyaka kukhupho oluzayo. ICanonical, iMicrosoft kunye neToyota zibhengeze inkxaso yophuhliso kusetyenziswa iFlutter. ICanonical ikhethe iFlutter njengesakhelo esiphambili sezicelo zayo kwaye ikwasebenzisa iFlutter ukuphuhlisa isifakeli esitsha soBuntu. UMicrosoft ulungelelanise iFlutter yezixhobo ezisongekayo ezinezikrini ezininzi, njengeSurface Duo. UToyota uceba ukusebenzisa iFlutter kwiinkqubo zolwazi olusemotweni. Igobolondo lomsebenzisi we-Fuchsia microkernel inkqubo yokusebenza ephuhliswe kuGoogle nayo yakhelwe kwisiseko seFlutter.
Kwangaxeshanye, ukukhutshwa kolwimi lwenkqubo lweDart 2.12 kwapapashwa, apho uphuhliso lwesebe elihlengahlengiswe ngokugqibeleleyo leDart 2 liyaqhubeka. IDart 2 iyahluka kwinguqulelo yoqobo yolwimi lweDart ngokusetyenziswa kochwethezo oluqinileyo (iintlobo). inokuthatyathelwa ngokuzenzekelayo, ngoko ukukhankanya iindidi akunyanzelwanga, kodwa uchwethezo oluguquguqukayo alusasetyenziswa kwaye uhlobo olubalwe ekuqaleni lwabelwa ukuguquguquka kunye nohlobo olungqongqo lokukhangela luyasetyenziswa emva koko).
Ukukhutshwa kuphawuleka ekuzinzisweni kwe-Null mode yokhuseleko, eya kunceda ukuphepha ukuphahlazeka okubangelwa ukuzama ukusebenzisa izinto eziguquguqukayo ezinexabiso elingachazwanga kwaye libekwe kwi-Null. Imowudi ithetha ukuba izinto eziguquguqukayo azinakuba namaxabiso angasebenziyo ngaphandle kokuba zinikwe ngokucacileyo ixabiso elingento. Imowudi ihlonipha ngokungqongqo iindidi eziguquguqukayo, ezivumela umqambi ukuba asebenzise ulungiso olongezelelweyo. Ukuthotyelwa kohlobo kuhlolwa ngexesha lokuqokelela, umzekelo, ukuba uzama ukunika ixabiso elithi "Null" kuguquguqukayo kunye nohlobo olungathethi imo engachazwanga, njenge "int", impazamo iya kuboniswa.
Olunye uphuculo olubalulekileyo kwi-Dart 2.12 kukuphunyezwa okuzinzileyo kwethala leencwadi leFFI, elikuvumela ukuba wenze ikhowudi yokusebenza ephezulu apho unokufikelela kwii-APIs kwi-C. Yenziwe ukulunga kokusebenza kunye nobungakanani. Izixhobo zokuphuhlisa ezongezelelweyo kunye nenkqubo yeprofayili yekhowudi ebhaliweyo kusetyenziswa iFlutter, kunye neeplagi ezintsha zokuphuhlisa izicelo ze-Dart kunye neFlutter ye-Android Studio / IntelliJ kunye ne-VS Code.
umthombo: opennet.ru