UHuawei usebenzisana nabaphandi abavela kwiYunivesithi yaseLondon Iprothokholi yenethiwekhi ENTSHA ye-IP, ethathela ingqalelo iindlela zophuhliso lwezixhobo zonxibelelwano lwexesha elizayo kunye nobuninzi bezinto ze-Intanethi zezixhobo, iinkqubo zokwenyani ezongeziweyo kunye nonxibelelwano lweholographic. Le projekthi iqale ibekwe njengeyamazwe ngamazwe, apho nabani na abaphandi kunye neenkampani ezinomdla banokuthatha inxaxheba. ukuba iprothokholi entsha ingenisiwe ukuze iqwalaselwe kwiManyano yoNxibelelwano lweZizwe ngeZizwe (International Telecommunication Union)), kodwa ayizukulungela ukuvavanywa kude kube ngu-2021.
I-protocol ENTSHA ye-IP ibonelela ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo zokujongana nokulawula i-traffic, kwaye iphinda isombulule ingxaki yokuququzelela intsebenziswano yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zothungelwano kumxholo wokwandisa ukuhlukana kwenethiwekhi yehlabathi. Ingxaki yokutshintshiselana ngolwazi phakathi kothungelwano olungafaniyo, olufana nothungelwano lwe-Intanethi yezixhobo ze-Intanethi, ishishini, iiselfowuni kunye neenethiwekhi zesathelayithi, ezinokusebenzisa izitaki zazo zeprotocol, ziya zingxamiseka ngakumbi.
Ngokomzekelo, kwiinethiwekhi ze-IoT kuyinqweneleka ukusebenzisa iidilesi ezimfutshane ukugcina imemori kunye nezixhobo, uthungelwano lwamashishini ngokubanzi lukhupha i-IP ukunyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kotshintshiselwano lwedatha, iinethiwekhi zesathelayithi azikwazi ukusebenzisa idilesi esisigxina ngenxa yokuhamba rhoqo kweenodi. Baya kuzama ukusombulula ngokuyinxenye iingxaki usebenzisa iprotocol (IPv6 phezu kwamandla aphantsi Wireless Personal Area Networks), kodwa ngaphandle idilesi eguquguqukayo, ayisebenzi ngendlela esingathanda ngayo.
Ingxaki yesibini isonjululwe kwi-IP ENTSHA kukuba i-IP igxininise ekuchongeni izinto eziphathekayo ngokumalunga nendawo yazo, kwaye ayenzelwanga ukuchonga izinto ezibonakalayo, ezifana nomxholo kunye neenkonzo. Ukufumana iinkonzo ezingabonakaliyo kwiidilesi ze-IP, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zemephu ziyacetywa, ezenza nzima inkqubo kwaye zenze izoyikiso ezongezelelweyo kubumfihlo. Uyilo lwe-ICN luyakhula njengesisombululo sokuphucula ukuhanjiswa komxholo (), njenge NDN () kunye ne-MobilityFirst, ephakamisa ukusetyenziswa kwedilesi ye-hierarchical, engayisombululi ingxaki yokufikelela kwiselula (eshukumayo) umxholo, ukudala umthwalo owongezelelweyo kwii-routers, okanye ungavumeli ukuseka ukudibanisa kokuphela kokuphela phakathi kwabasebenzisi beselula.
Ingxaki yesithathu i-IP ENTSHA yenzelwe ukusonjululwa kulawulo lomgangatho wenkonzo. Iinkqubo zonxibelelwano ezisebenzayo zexesha elizayo ziya kufuna iindlela eziguquguqukayo ngakumbi zolawulo lwe-bandwidth, ezifuna iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenzwa kumxholo weepakethi zothungelwano zomntu ngamnye.
Iimpawu ezintathu eziphambili ze-IP ENTSHA ziphawuliwe:
- Iidilesi ze-IP zobude obuguquguqukayo, ukuququzelela umbutho wotshintshiselwano lwedatha phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zothungelwano (umzekelo, iidilesi ezimfutshane zingasetyenziselwa ukusebenzisana ne-Intanethi yeZinto izixhobo kwinethiwekhi yasekhaya, kunye needilesi ezide zingasetyenziselwa ukufikelela kwimithombo yehlabathi). Akuyimfuneko ukucacisa idilesi yomthombo okanye idilesi yendawo (umzekelo, ukugcina izixhobo xa uthumela idatha kwi-sensor).
- Kuyenzeka ukuchaza iisemantics ezahlukeneyo zeedilesi. Umzekelo, ukongeza kwifomathi ye-IPv4/IPv6 yakudala, ungasebenzisa iziphawuli zenkonzo eyodwa endaweni yedilesi. Ezi zichongi zibonelela ngokubophelela kwinqanaba labaqhubekisi kunye neenkonzo, ngaphandle kokubotshwa kwindawo ethile yeeseva kunye nezixhobo. Ii-ID zenkonzo zikuvumela ukuba ugqithe kwi-DNS kwaye uhambise isicelo kumphathi okufutshane ohambelana ne-ID echaziweyo. Ngokomzekelo, abenzi boluvo kwikhaya elihlakaniphile banokuthumela izibalo kwinkonzo ethile ngaphandle kokumisela idilesi yayo ngokwengqiqo yeklasi. Zombini zomzimba (iikhompyuter, ii-smartphones, iinzwa) kunye nezinto ezibonakalayo (umxholo, iinkonzo) zinokuqwalaselwa.
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-IPv4 / IPv6, ngokubhekiselele kwiinkonzo zokufikelela, i-IP ENTSHA ineenzuzo ezilandelayo: Ukwenziwa kwesicelo ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kwidilesi yenkonzo ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba idilesi imiselwe kwi-DNS. Inkxaso yokuhanjiswa okuguquguqukayo kweenkonzo kunye nomxholo - Idilesi ye-IP ENTSHA yedatha esekelwe kumgaqo othi "into efunekayo" kwaye kungekhona "indawo yokuyifumana", eyahluke kakhulu kwi-IP yomzila, esekelwe kulwazi lwendawo ngqo ( Idilesi ye-IP) yomthombo. Ukwakha uthungelwano ngeliso lolwazi malunga neenkonzo, ezithathelwa ingqalelo xa kubalwa iitafile zomzila.
- Ukukwazi ukuchaza iindawo ezingafanelekanga kwi-header yepakethe ye-IP. I-header ivumela unamathiselo lwezihlonzi zomsebenzi (i-FID, i-ID yoMsebenzi), esetyenziselwa ukucubungula imixholo yephakheji, kunye nemethadatha ehambelana nemisebenzi (MDI - I-Metadata Index kunye ne-MD - Metadata). Umzekelo, imetadata inokuchaza iimfuno zomgangatho wenkonzo ukwenzela ukuba xa usenza idilesi ngohlobo lwenkonzo, umphathi obonelela ngobuninzi bokungena uya kukhethwa.
Imizekelo yemisebenzi ebophelelayo ibandakanya ukucutha umhla wokugqibela wokuthunyelwa kwepakethi kunye nokumisela ubungakanani bobungakanani bomgca ngexesha lokuthunyelwa. Xa ulungisa ipakethi, i-router iya kusebenzisa i-metadata yayo kumsebenzi ngamnye - kwimizekelo engentla, ulwazi olongezelelweyo malunga nomhla wokugqibela wokuhambisa ipakethi okanye ubude obuvumelekileyo bomgca wenethiwekhi buya kuhanjiswa kwimethadatha.
Ulwazi olusasazwa kumajelo eendaba malunga nezakhono ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezibonelela ngokuvalwa kwemithombo, ukukhuthaza ukungachazwa kwamagama kunye nokwazisa ukuqinisekiswa okunyanzelekileyo, kwindawo efikelelekayo. azikhankanywa kwaye zibonakala ziyintelekelelo. Ngobuchwephesha, i-IP ENTSHA inikezela kuphela ukuguquguquka ngakumbi ekudaleni izandiso, ukuxhaswa kwayo kugqitywa ngumzila kunye nabavelisi besoftware. Kumxholo wokukwazi ukutshintsha i-IP ukuthintela ukunqanda, ukuvinjelwa ngesihlonzi senkonzo kunokuthelekiswa nokuthintela igama lesizinda kwi-DNS.
umthombo: opennet.ru