Molo, Habr! Kudala ndikufunda, kodwa andikafiki ekubhaleni into eyeyam. Njengesiqhelo - ikhaya, umsebenzi, imicimbi yobuqu, apha naphaya - kwaye ngoku uphinde wakuhlehlisa ukubhala inqaku kude kube ngamaxesha angcono. Kutshanje, kukho into etshintshileyo kwaye ndiza kukuxelela into eyandishukumisela ukuba ndichaze intwana encinci yobomi bam malunga nokuba ngumphuhlisi onemizekelo, enokuba luncedo kwabaqalayo, abathandabuzayo kunye nabafana abangakholelwayo ngokunyanisekileyo kubo. Hamba!
Ndiza kuqala kude - ndisengumntwana, abazali bam bandinika inani elikhulu leencyclopedias kunye neencwadi - kuzo zonke izihlandlo. Nasiphi na isizathu sokupha isipho yincwadi. Emva koko, ewe, andizange ndibe nombulelo kubo, kodwa ndayithatha nje kancinci. Kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha, ndithetha nabanye abantu, ndenza isigqibo esingaqhelekanga: abaninzi babengazi into endiyaziyo, abeva nawaphi na amagama, iikhonsepthi, iingcamango, abazange bafunde ababhali kwaye abazange babukele iifilimu. Kanye ngalo mzuzu, kwafika ukuqonda: naku, UNYAZI. Kwangexesha elide, ndandingazi ukuba ndingayisebenzisa phi yonke le nto, kuba ukunxibelelana nje nabantu akuhlawuli nangayiphi na indlela, kwaye umsebenzi wokubalisa amabali anomdla wawungekho ngelo xesha (ngoku kukho ezinye iibhlogi. , YouTube, TED-ED, njl.). Ndifunde isiNgesi, ixesha elide kwaye kabuhlungu, kuba... "Kwakuthembisa kwaye kuya kuba luncedo kwixesha elizayo" - ngelo xesha, ngokuqinisekileyo, kwakungekho kuzithemba kumsebenzi wam wexesha elizayo, ngoko "andifuni" bandiqhubela kwizifundo ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ngoku, ewe, ndinombulelo ongazenzisiyo kuba ndingakhange nditsibe ngelo xesha kwaye ndikwazile ukufumana isiseko esihle, esithe, ewe, sadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhetheni umsebenzi wam wekamva.
Andiyena umntu olula, kodwa "i-hybrid": ukuba nezakhono ezithambileyo eziphucukileyo kunye nothando lokuququzelela imisebenzi yabantu, mna, kwangaxeshanye, ndinomdla kwifiziksi, ikhemistri, imeko yezoqoqosho, isayensi yekhompyuter kunye nezixhobo zesayensi ezidumileyo. Esikolweni ndade ndaphumelela iimviwo zephysics ndaza ndangena kwiyunivesithi yobugcisa ngebhajethi! Ndifake isicelo kwiidyunivesithi ezininzi ngaxeshanye kwizifundo ezichasekileyo, kude kube ngumzuzu wokugqibela andiqinisekanga ukuba mandikhethe ntoni. Emva kokufaka isicelo sohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, nokutyobela onke amaphepha nokuthetha nomphathi, mna notata sabuyela ekhaya saza senza ishishini lethu sivakalelwa kukuba siphumeze okuthile.
Noko ke, xa ndavuka kusasa, ndothuswa kukuqonda ukuba ingcinga ekruqulayo nebuhlungu yayizinzile entlokweni yam: βKufuneka ndihambe ndiyokukhwela (pedagogical).β Yenzeka njani apho: ngokuzimeleyo okanye ngenxa yeenkqubo zesithunzi ezifana noMendeleev, xa ecwangcisa idatha ephupheni, efumana ulwazi lwetheyibhile yezinto zexesha? Andisoze ndazi, kodwa ndaya kubazali bam, ndabachazela ingxaki, ndafumana uvavanyo oluthile lwenkqubo yam yokucinga yangoku, ulwalathiso lwabo kunye nokukhula ngokubanzi, kodwa andizange ndihlehle.
Ekugqibeleni, safika eyunivesithi, sathabatha amaxwebhu (nangona oku kwakusenokuba akukho mthethweni, ekubeni ubhaliso lwaludlulile) saza saya kwenza isicelo kwenye iyunivesithi. Ubawo ke wayeneenwele ezimfutshane kakhulu, wayesandul 'ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo waza wasusa iiglasi zakhe, kwaye ngokubanzi, wayebukeka "njengomzalwana ovela kwi-90s," nangona i-2 imfundo ephakamileyo kunye nemvelaphi yokufundisa. Kakade ke, babengenako ukwala umlinganiswa onemibala enjalo. Ukusukela ngoko, andizange ndizisole ngokuba ndingene kwiFaculty of Foreign Languages.
Ukusebenza nabantwana, ndiye ndabona izinto ezimbini:
- Ndiyithanda kakhulu, ndiyakwazi ukubalisa ibali elinomdla, ndiluke ulwazi olufunyenwe ezincwadini nakwii-encyclopedias ebalini kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukufikelela kwiziphumo kwicandelo lokufundisa isiNgesi.
- Kukho intlekele yokunqongophala kwemali, nokuba wenza umsebenzi wesingxungxo (izifundo zabucala + inkampu yolwimi lwexesha lonke yabantwana)
Ngenxa yoko, emva kweminyaka emininzi ndisebenza njengomfundisi-ntsapho (isiNgesi, isiJamani kunye nesiSpanish esincinci), ndagqiba ekubeni ndiwuyeke umsebenzi, kuba ... ivele yatsha. Mhlawumbi abaninzi benu baqhelene nale mvakalelo: kubonakala ngathi umsebenzi uyafana, abantu abafanayo, umsebenzi, yonke into ehambelana nawe izolo - kodwa umphefumlo uyachasa yonke imihla yokusebenza, iimpazamo zabantwana ziye zacaphukisa ngaphakathi, uxolo. leyo ibisoloko ikwindawo ethile ngaphakathi, yaqala ukunyamalala kwaye kwavela iingcinga eziphakuzelayo malunga nokubaleka ndaweni ithile.
Kuwo wonke umsebenzi wam, ndiye ndacinga ukuba kunokwenzeka ukutshintsha umsebenzi wam ube yinto efanelekileyo ngakumbi, engahambelani nokusebenza nabantu, ndenze malunga neenzame ezili-10 zokufunda ngokuzimeleyo iilwimi zokucwangcisa. I-C ++, i-C #, i-Delphi, i-Python, i-Pascal, i-Java - yonke le nto yayiyinkimbinkimbi, ingaqondakali, isoyikisa, ichitha ixesha kwaye ingenamveliso. Ngapha koko, andizange ndibe nenkuthazo eyaneleyo: nokuba ingxaki ka-2008-2009 okanye iingxaki ngo-2014-2015 zatshintsha isimo sam sengqondo ngomsebenzi. Yaye xa kwaqalisa ukudinwa ngokweemvakalelo, kwacaca ukuba andinakukwazi ukuqhubeka ndisebenza ngolu hlobo, ngenxa yabantwana, endandingafuni ukubanzakalisa.
Ngo-2018, ndafudukela eMoscow ukusuka eKrasnoyarsk kunye nentombi yam, watshintshela kwiyunivesithi yasekhaya, ndaza ndafumana umsebenzi kwisikolo sabucala solwimi lwasemzini. Indawo entsha, umvuzo ofanelekileyo, abantu abatsha kunye neemvakalelo - konke oku kwandivumela ukuba ndiphefumlele ubomi kum malunga neenyanga ezintandathu, emva koko iingxaki zakudala zabuya.
Isigqibo sokugqibela sokutshintsha ubuchwephesha sakhula ngaphakathi kum, isicwangciso sachazwa, imarike yomsebenzi kunye neemfuno zabafaki-zicelo zafundwa, abafowunelwa babahlobo kunye nabaqhelana nabo ubuncinane ngandlel 'ithile enxulumene ne-IT baye bagrunjwa, kwaye ndahlutha ubuchopho babo ngemibuzo yam ecokisekileyo. . Ngokubanzi, isicwangciso saba ngolu hlobo:
- Khetha ezona zilula, zikhawulezayo ngokweziphumo kwaye kwasekuqaleni umgca womsebenzi ohlawula hayi ngaphantsi kwendawo yakho yangaphambili. Yaba luphuhliso oluphambili. Zigwebe ngokwakho: ukwazi isiNgesi kwinqanaba le-C2, uninzi lwekhowudi imele kum imiyalelo yesiNgesi exutywe ne-syntax ekhunjulwe kakuhle (eqhutywa ziingcamango kwisitayile esithi "mhlawumbi oku okanye awusebenzi kwaphela"). Isiphumo kwisiphelo sangaphambili sibonakala ngokukhawuleza - eli liphepha eligqityiweyo. Intlawulo nayo ayibi, ukusuka kuma-ruble angama-40 lamawaka (ngokwe-hh.ru). Umvuzo wam ngelo xesha wawumalunga nama-60-65 + imisebenzi yexeshana yobuqu ye ~ 20 lamawaka. Oku kwakunganelanga, kodwa xa kufuneka ulwe nawe nje ukuza emsebenzini, akukho mali ikwenza wonwabe.
- Intlawulo kunye nesicwangciso sesenzo: Ndandijonge i-ruble ye-60 +, ngoko ke ndaqala ukufunda uluhlu lwezobuchwephesha zangaphambili ezifanelekileyo: HTML, CSS, JavaScript (ES5-6), React. Ezi ziye zongezwa ngezixhobo ezenza kube lula ukulungelelanisa nokusebenza ngekhowudi kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo: jQuery, Git, SASS, webpack, VS Code. Oku kwenza ukuba kube lula ukucacisa isicwangciso sokufunda konke oku ngokuthe ngcembe, kwangaxeshanye usebenzisa ulwazi ekudaleni iiwebhusayithi, ukudibanisa kunye nokuphunyezwa koyilo kwikhowudi, kunye nokubonisana nabahlobo.
- Ukuzifundela: Ukusukela ngoFebruwari ka-2019 ukuya kuJuni ka-2019, ndiye ndayifunda yonke le nto, ndifunda ngenkuthalo amaxwebhu, ndifunda iStackOverFlow kwaye ndikhangela iimpendulo zeyona mibuzo ibubudenge inokuvela. Kwakunzima kum - ngamanye amaxesha ikhowudi yayingafuni ukusebenza ngendlela endandicinga ngayo. Kodwa andizange ndiphelelwe lithemba - uhlalutyo lomzekelo wekhowudi + uxwebhu olucetyisiweyo apho ndenze khona impazamo, into endiyibeke engalunganga kunye nento endingayigqibanga. Kulapho ke ndandibancoma mihla le abazali bam ngokundinyanzela ukuba ndifunde isiNgesi ndisengumntwana β emva koko onke amaxwebhu afanelekileyo ayekuso.
I-HTML kunye neCSS yayizezona zilula kum - malunga neeveki ezi-2. Ngeli xesha, ndiqokelele uyilo lwewebhusayithi yomyili othile usebenzisa i-HTML esulungekileyo kunye neCSS kwaye ndaqokelela zonke iintonga ezinokubakho, ndafunda iindlela ezininzi kwaye ndaqonda ukuba ukubhala yonke le migca ngesandla bekutya ixesha ngendlela emangalisayo. Emva kwe-googling encinci, kwangoko ndadibana ne-Bootstrap 4 kwaye, sele ndiziqhelanise nesakhono, ndaqala ukufunda amaxwebhu. Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa zencwadana yemigaqo yokutshaya ngokucinga, edibene nokubukela iividiyo ezahlukeneyo zoqeqesho kuYouTube, ndiye ndazimisela ukwenza eyam iwebhusayithi ephendula ngokupheleleyo, enemifanekiso, amakhadi kunye noopopayi. Oku kuthathe malunga neeveki ezi-2, apho ndaye ndafumanisa i-jQuery njengesixhobo sokukhohlisa se-DOM.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, kwakungeyona nto ikhethekileyo, kodwa yonke into yayilula kwaye iyaqondakala, kwaye umphumo wawubalulekile kum. Ngendlela, ndincoma ukuba ungamameli abadwelisi benkqubo abapholileyo kweli nqanaba ababonelela ngokuphucula kunye nokuphucula, kodwa ukufumana nje imeko yokusetyenziswa eqhelekileyo yekhowudi, ukujonga imizekelo kunye nokukopa nje isitayile. Umsebenzi kwinqanaba lokuqala linye: ukuba nje usebenza. Kuphela ke unokucinga ngayo yonke enye into, kwaye xa usebenza kwinkampani, baya kukuchazela kwaye bakubonise imigangatho yendawo oya kuyidinga ukuyilandela.
Eyona nto inzima yaqala kwinqanaba lokufunda iJavaScript esulungekileyo - kwavela umbuzo onzima entlokweni yam: kutheni ufunda oku ukuba i-jQuery ilula? Ndiye kuGoogle ngempendulo: kwavela ukuba i-jQuery iza kuya kwelinye ilizwe kungekudala, ngaphandle kwekhowudi yelifa, kwaye bonke abadwelisi benkqubo bokwenyani basebenzisa i-JS, kuba izikhokelo ziza kwaye zihambe, kodwa i-JS ecocekileyo isabalulekile. Sifuna ukufumana umsebenzi kwaye siwenze ixesha elide, akunjalo? Ndiye ndaqala ukubukela iividiyo, ndizama ukubhala ikhowudi kunye nemisebenzi kwiindawo zokufundisa, kwaye ndibhala kwakhona iiprojekthi zam zangaphambili. Ngokwemvelo, ekuqaleni kwavela kancinane kunokuba akukho nto, kodwa emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa andizange ndicinge ngokubhala zonke iintlobo zemisebenzi yotolo (eye yabonakala ilula kunezinye eziqhelekileyo), ukusebenza kunye nabakhethi be-document.getElementById. , ukuhlela uluhlu kunye nokukhupha izinto zento usebenzisa i.map, .filter, .reduce, isebenze nge-API kunye ne-AJAX, njl.
Kwaye khange ndiphazame - ngelixa ndifunda i-React, ndiye ndadibana netoni yekhowudi ye-JS efuna ukucalulwa kwaye iqondwe, kungenjalo akukho nto iza kusebenza. Ukuphefumlela phezulu kwaye ndiziva ndizisola kancinci, ndaqala ukuntywila kwisiseko senkqubo ngamandla aphindwe kabini. Kungekudala kwavela ukuba i-React yi-HTML eguqulwe kancinane (JSX) + ikhithi yezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezenza kube lula ukuhlaziya iphepha kunye nokwenza i-SPA (isicelo sephepha elinye). Yongeza i-pinch ye-JS kwaye sinoopopayi, ukulayisha kunye notshintsho. Emva kokuqhelana ne-syntax, ndathatha indawo yokuqala yokugcina ivenkile ye-intanethi endiye ndadibana nayo kwaye ndabhala i-SPA elula eyandivumela ukuba ndikhethe iindidi, ndihambe kwindawo kwaye nditshintshe izinto zokubala kwinqwelo.
Ngokubanzi, akukho nto iphosakeleyo ngento yokuba awuzange uyicwangcise ebomini bakho, hayi - ukuba usebenza ngokwakho ngokuthe ngcembe, yonke into inokwenzeka. Ngaphandle kolwazi lwesiNgesi, zininzi iindawo zolwimi lwaseRashiya eziya kukwanela kwinqanaba lokuqala. Nqwenelela impumelelo!
umthombo: www.habr.com