Zininzi izithuba kuHabré malunga nendlela yokufumana umsebenzi eMelika. Ingxaki kukuba ivakalelwa kukuba i-95% yale mibhalo ibhalwe ngabaphuhlisi. Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kubo, kuba namhlanje kulula kakhulu ukuba umdwebi wenkqubo eze e-States kunabameli bezinye iingcali.
Mna ngokwam ndafudukela e-USA ngaphezu kweminyaka emibini edlulileyo njengengcali yokuthengisa kwi-Intanethi, kwaye namhlanje ndiza kuthetha malunga nokuba zeziphi iindlela zokufuduka zomsebenzi ezikhoyo kwabo bangengabo inkqubo.
Ingcamango ephambili: kuya kuba nzima kakhulu kuwe ukuba ufumane umsebenzi ovela eRashiya
Indlela eqhelekileyo yokuba umdwebi wenkqubo afudukele eMelika kukuba azikhangelele ngokwakhe umsebenzi okanye, ukuba unamava alungileyo, aphendule omnye wemiyalezo yabaqeshwa kwi-LinkedIn, udliwano-ndlebe oluninzi, amaphepha kwaye, enyanisweni, shukuma.
Kwiingcali zentengiso, abalawuli benkqubo kunye nezinye iingcali ezinxulumene ne-Intanethi, kodwa hayi uphuhliso, yonke into inzima kakhulu. Ungathumela amakhulu eempendulo kwizithuba kwiindawo ezifana neMonster.com, khangela into kwi-LinkedIn, impendulo iya kuba yincinci - awukho eMelika, kwaye kweli lizwe akukho badwelisi abaneleyo, kodwa kukho ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ngokwaneleyo. abalawuli, abathengisi kunye neentatheli . Ukufumana umsebenzi ukude kuya kuba nzima kakhulu. Ukufuduswa komsebenzi omnye kwi-visa yomsebenzi kuya kubiza inkampani ~ $ 10 lamawaka, ixesha elininzi, kwaye kwimeko ye-visa yomsebenzi we-H1-B, kukho ithuba lokungaphumeleli ilotho kwaye ushiywe ngaphandle komqeshwa. Ukuba awungomdwelisi wenkqubo osemgangathweni, akukho mntu uyakukusebenzela nzima.
Akunakwenzeka ukuba uya kukwazi ukuhamba ngokufumana umsebenzi kwinkampani yaseMelika eRussia kwaye ucele ukutshintshelwa kwiminyaka embalwa. Ingqiqo icacile - ukuba uyazingqina kwaye ucele ukutshintshelwa kwi-ofisi yangaphandle, kutheni kufuneka waliwe? Ngokwenyani, kwiimeko ezininzi awusayi kwaliwa, kodwa amathuba akho okungena eMelika awazukunyuka kakhulu.
Ewe, kukho imizekelo yokufuduka ngokwesi sicwangciso, kodwa kwakhona, kusengqiqweni ngakumbi kumdwelisi wenkqubo, kwaye nakule meko, unokulinda iminyaka ukufuduka. Eyona ndlela isebenzayo kukuzifundisa, ukuphuhlisa ubuchwephesha, ukusebenza kwiiprojekthi ezinomdla, emva koko uthathe ikamva ezandleni zakho kwaye uhambe wedwa.
Ukunceda abo bafudukela eUnited States, ndasungula iprojekthi yindawo apho unokufumana khona ulwazi oluhlaziyiweyo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-visa, fumana iingcebiso kunye noncedo ekuqokeleleni idatha yetyala lakho le-visa.
Okwangoku sivota kwiprojekthi yethu kwiwebhusayithi yeMveliso yoHunt. Ukuba uyithandile into esiyenzayo okanye unayo nayiphi na imibuzo, babuze okanye wabelane ngamava akho okusebenzisa / iminqweno yakho yophuhliso .
Inyathelo loku-1. Yenza isigqibo nge-visa yakho
Ngokubanzi, okwangoku kukho iindlela ezintathu kuphela zokwenyani zokufuduka, ukuba awuthatheli ngqalelo ukuphumelela ilotho yekhadi eliluhlaza kunye nazo zonke iintlobo zokhetho lokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe kunye nokuzama ukufumana indawo yokukhosela yezopolitiko:
I-visa ye-H1-B
I-visa yomsebenzi oqhelekileyo. Ukuze uyifumane kufuneka inkampani eza kusebenza njengomxhasi. Kukho ii-quotas ze-visas ze-H1B - umzekelo, i-quota yonyaka-mali we-2019 yayiyi-65 lamawaka, nangona i-2018 lamawaka ifakwe kwi-visa enjalo kwi-199. Ezi visa zinikezelwa ngelotho.
Ezinye ii-visa ezingamawaka angama-20 zinikezelwa kwezo ngcali zifumene imfundo yazo eUnited States (i-Master's Exemption Cap). Ke iyavakala into yokuqwalasela ukhetho lokufunda e-USA kwaye ujonge umsebenzi nokuba unediploma yasekhaya.
I-visa ye-L-1
Ezi ntlobo zee-visa zinikezelwa kubasebenzi beenkampani zaseMelika ezisebenza ngaphandle kwelizwe. Ukuba inkampani ineofisi emele eRashiya okanye, umzekelo, eYurophu, emva kokusebenza apho unyaka unokufaka isicelo se-visa enjalo. Akukho zabelo kuyo, ngoko lukhetho olulungele ngakumbi kune-H1-B.
Ingxaki kukufumana inkampani eza kukuqesha uze ufune ukufuduka - ngokuqhelekileyo umqeshi ufuna ukuba umqeshwa olungileyo abe luncedo kwindawo akuyo ixesha elide kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
I-Visa yabantu abanetalente O1
I-visa ye-O-1 yenzelwe abantu abanetalente abavela kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo abafuna ukuza eUnited States ukuze bagqibezele iiprojekthi zomsebenzi. Abameli bezoshishino banikezwa i-visa ye-O-1A (olu khetho lwakho njengomqeshwa wenkampani yorhwebo), ngelixa i-visa ye-O-1B ye-subtype ijoliswe kubaculi.
Le visa ayinayo izabelo kwaye ungasifaka isicelo ngokupheleleyo ngokwakho - le yeyona nzuzo iphambili. Kwangaxeshanye, musa ukukhawuleza ucinge ukuba kuya kuba lula, ngokuchaseneyo noko.
Okokuqala, i-visa ye-O-1 ifuna umqeshi. Ungayijikeleza le nto ngokubhalisa inkampani yakho kwaye uziqeshe. Kwakhona kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlangabezane nenani leenqobo, kwaye uqeshe igqwetha ukuba lilungiselele isicelo sakho se-visa - konke oku kuya kuthatha ubuncinane i-10 yeedola kunye neenyanga eziliqela. Ndabhala ngokubanzi malunga nenkqubo yokubhalisa kwaye apha Olu xwebhu luqulathe uluhlu lokuhlola ngokuzimeleyo amathuba akho okufumana i-visa enjalo - longa isibini samakhulu eedola kudliwano-ndlebe lokuqala negqwetha.
Inyathelo #2. Ukudala i-airbag yemali
Inqaku elibaluleke kakhulu elihlala lingacingelwanga lixabiso lokufuduka. Ukufudukela kwilizwe elibiza kakhulu njenge-USA kuya kufuna isixa esikhulu semali. Ubuncinci, uya kufuna kuphela okokuqala:
- Ukuqesha indawo yokuhlala - hlawula intlawulo encinci kunye nediphozithi yokhuseleko kwisixa semali yenyanga. Kwiidolophu ezinkulu, kuya kuba nzima ukufumana indawo yokuhlala phantsi kwe-$ 1400 / ngenyanga. Ukuba unosapho olunabantwana, inani elinokwenyani lisuka kwi-1800 yeedola kumagumbi amabini okulala (amagumbi amabini okulala).
- Thenga izinto zasekhaya ezisisiseko njengephepha langasese, iimveliso zokucoca, ezinye izinto zokudlala zabantwana. Konke oku kudla i-$ 500-1000 kwinyanga yokuqala.
- Kunokwenzeka ukuba uthenge imoto. E-States kudla ngokuba nzima ngaphandle kwemoto, nangona kukho ngaphandle. Kukho amathuba aphezulu okuba uya kufuna ubuncinci uhlobo oluthile lwemoto. Apha iindleko zinokuxhomekeka kwizinto ezikhethwayo, kodwa i-sedan engaphezulu okanye engaphantsi, engasetyenziswanga yamandulo njenge-Chevy Cruze (2013-2014) ingathathwa kwi-$ 5-7k. Kuya kufuneka uhlawule ngemali, kuba akukho mntu uya kukunika imali-mboleko enembali yetyala elinguziro.
- yitya -Ukutya eMelika kubiza kakhulu kuneRussia. Ngokomgangatho - ngokuqinisekileyo, kufuneka wazi iindawo, kodwa amaxabiso aphezulu kwizinto ezininzi. Ke kwintsapho yabantu abadala ababini nabantwana ababini, iindleko zokutya, uhambo, nezinto zendlu akunakwenzeka ukuba zibe ngaphantsi kweedola ezili-1000 XNUMX ngenyanga.
Izibalo ezilula zibonisa ukuba ngenyanga yokuqala ungadinga ngaphezu kwe-$ 10k (kubandakanywa nokuthengwa kwemoto). Ngelo xesha, iindleko zivame ukunyuka - abantwana baya kufuna i-kindergarten, edla ngokuhlawulwa apha, iimoto ezisetyenzisiweyo zidiliza rhoqo - kunye noomatshini e-States baphantse balahle inxalenye kwaye bafake entsha kunye nexabiso elihambelanayo, njl. . Ngoko okukhona unemali eninzi, kokukhona uya kuziva uzolile.
Inyathelo #3. Ukukhangela umsebenzi e-USA kunye nenethiwekhi
Masithi ukwazile ukonga amashumi amawaka eedola, ufumane igqwetha kwaye uzifumanele i-visa. Uze e-USA kwaye ngoku kufuneka ujonge iiprojekthi / imisebenzi emitsha apha. Kunokwenzeka ukwenza oku, kodwa akuyi kuba lula.
Inqaku eliphambili ekufuneka likhunjulwe kukuba okukhona usenza uthungelwano ngokukhutheleyo, kokukhona enyuka amathuba akho okufumana umsebenzi ngokukhawuleza. Kucacile ukuba akukho nto imbi ngakumbi kwi-introverts, kodwa ukuba ufuna ukwakha ikhondo lomsebenzi ophumelelayo eMelika, ngoko ke uninzi lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zolwazi ozenzayo, kuya kuba ngcono.
Okokuqala, unxibelelwano luluncedo nangaphambi kokuba uhambe - ukufumana i-visa ye-O-1 efanayo, udinga iileta zengcebiso ezivela kwiingcali ezinamandla kwishishini lakho.
Okwesibini, ukuba wenza abantu obaziyo phakathi kwabo baye bahamba indlela yakho ngaphambili kwaye sele besebenza kwinkampani yaseMelika, oku kuvula amathuba amatsha. Ukuba oogxa bakho bangaphambili okanye abantu obaziyo abatsha basebenza kwiinkampani ezilungileyo, unokubacela ukuba bakuncomele kwenye yezikhundla ezivulekileyo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, imibutho emikhulu (efana ne-Microsoft, iDropbox, kunye nezinto ezinjalo) zineengosi zangaphakathi apho abasebenzi banokuthumela i-HR eqalayo yabantu abacinga ukuba bafanelekile kwizikhundla ezivulekileyo. Ezo zicelo zihlala ziphambili kuneeleta ezisuka kubantu abasesitratweni, unxibelelwano olubanzi luya kukunceda ukhusele udliwanondlebe ngokukhawuleza.
Okwesithathu, uya kufuna abantu obaziyo, ubuncinci ukusombulula imiba yemihla ngemihla, apho kuya kubakho okuninzi. Ukujongana ne-inshurensi yezempilo, ubucukubhede bokurenta, ukuthenga imoto, ukukhangela iinkulisa kunye namacandelo - xa unomntu ocela ingcebiso, konga ixesha, imali kunye nemithambo-luvo.
Inyathelo #4. Ukwenziwa ngokusemthethweni ngakumbi e-USA
Xa usombulula ingxaki ngomsebenzi kwaye uqale ukufumana ingeniso, emva kwexesha elithile umbuzo wokwenziwa ngokusemthethweni ngakumbi kwilizwe uya kuvela. Apha, kwakhona, kunokubakho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhetha: ukuba umntu uza kweli lizwe yedwa, unokudibana neqabane lakhe elizayo kunye nepasipoti okanye ikhadi eliluhlaza, esebenza kwi-Google enemiqathango, unokufikelela kwikhadi eliluhlaza ngokukhawuleza - ngethamsanqa, Iinkampani ezinjalo zinabasebenzi abaninzi, unokufikelela kwindawo yokuhlala kunye nokuzimela.
Ngokufanayo ne-visa ye-O-1, kukho inkqubo ye-visa ye-EB-1, ebandakanya ukufumana ikhadi eliluhlaza ngokusekelwe kwimpumelelo yobungcali kunye neetalente. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka uhlangabezane neenqobo ezivela kuluhlu olufana ne-visa ye-O-1 (amabhaso ochwepheshe, iintetho kwiinkomfa, iimpapasho kumajelo eendaba, umvuzo ophezulu, njl.
Unokufunda ngakumbi malunga ne-EB-1 visa kwaye uqikelele amathuba akho usebenzisa uluhlu lokukhangela .
isiphelo
Njengoko unokuqonda ngokulula kwisicatshulwa, ukuya e-USA yinkqubo enzima, ende kwaye iyabiza. Ukuba awunawo umsebenzi ofunekayo ukuba umqeshi wakho ajongane ne-visa kunye nemiba yemihla ngemihla kuwe, kuya kufuneka woyise ubunzima obuninzi.
Kwangaxeshanye, iingenelo zaseMelika zicacile-apha unokufumana eyona misebenzi inomdla kwinkalo ye-IT kunye ne-Intanethi, umgangatho wokuphila uphezulu kakhulu, ithemba elingenamda kuwe nakubantwana bakho, imeko entle jikelele izitrato, kwaye kwamanye amazwe imozulu emangalisayo.
Ekugqibeleni, nokuba kufanelekile ukutsala nzima kuyo yonke le nto, wonke umntu uyazigqibela-into ephambili akuyi kuba neenkohliso ezingeyomfuneko kwaye kwangoko ulungiselele ubunzima.
umthombo: www.habr.com