Indlela itekhnoloji ye-IoT iya kutshintsha ngayo umhlaba kwiminyaka eyi-10 ezayo

Ngomhla wama-29 kuMatshi, iCluster yalungiselela intetho kwipaki yetekhnoloji yaseAnkudinovka eNizhny Novgorod. UTom Raftery, i-futurist kunye nomshumayeli we-IoT e-SAP. Umphathi wophawu lwenkonzo yewebhu ye-Smarty CRM wadibana naye buqu kwaye wafunda malunga nokuba zeziphi izinto ezintsha ezingena kubomi bemihla ngemihla kwaye yintoni eza kutshintsha kwiminyaka eli-10. Kweli nqaku sifuna ukwabelana ngezimvo eziphambili kwintetho yakhe. Kwabo banomdla, nceda ubhekisele kwikati.

Umboniso kaTom Raftery uyafumaneka apha.

U ku velisa

Ngokufutshane malunga noqikelelo

"Imveliso njengeNkonzo" imodeli yezoshishino iya kusasazeka. Oku kuthetha ukuba imveliso yenziwe ngokufunwa, kodwa ayigcinwa kwindawo yokugcina impahla, kodwa ithunyelwa ngokukhawuleza kumthengi. Oku kunciphisa kakhulu iindleko. Ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kuyafumaneka.

Izisombululo

• Izithuthuthu. I-Harley-Davidson ivumela abathengi ukuba benze iiparamitha zesithuthuthu ngokwabo. Kufuneka uye kwiwebhusayithi, unqume iimpawu kwaye ubeke umyalelo. Unokuza nakwifektri kwaye ubukele inkqubo yokwenza isithuthuthu. Ixesha lokuvelisa lancitshiswa ukusuka kwiintsuku ezingama-21 ukuya kwiiyure ezi-6.
• Iphathi ezisecaleni. I-UPS ivelisa iindawo ezisecaleni isebenzisa iiprinta ze-3D. Uluhlu lwamacandelo luyafumaneka kwiwebhusayithi yenkampani. Umxhasi kufuneka alayishe imodeli ye-3D kwiwebhusayithi, ukhethe izinto eziphathekayo kwaye wenze isigqibo ngexabiso. Emva kwentlawulo, ufumana iodolo kwidilesi.
• Umoya. I-Kaeser Kompressoren ivelisa umoya oxinanisiweyo ngesicelo somthengi. Kuyafuneka ukusebenzisa amandla omoya, umzekelo, kwijekhi, iitanki zokuntywila okanye ibhola yepeyinti. Umthengi uthumela iimfuno kwaye ngokukhawuleza ufumana ibhetshi ye-cubic metres.

Amandla

Ngokufutshane malunga noqikelelo

Amandla avela elanga nasemoyeni aya kuba nexabiso eliphantsi kunamandla aphuma kwirhasi namalahle.

Amandla esola

• Isiphumo se-Swansoan. I-watt yeeseli ze-crystalline ze-silicon photovoltaic zawa kwixabiso ukusuka kwi-$ 76,67 kwi-1977 ukuya kwi-$ 0,36 kwi-2014, ukunyuka okuphantse kwe-213.
• Umthamo wamandla. Ngo-2018, umthamo wamandla elanga afunyenweyo ufikelele kwi-109 GW. Le yirekhodi. Ngo-2019, ukukhula ukuya kwi-141 GW kuqikelelwe.
• Umthamo webhetri. Umthamo weebhetri ze-lithium-ion ukhula. Ngo-2020, uluhlu lwemoto ngaphandle kokutshaja luya kufikelela kwi-1000 km, enokuthelekiswa ne-injini ye-diesel.
• Iindleko kWh. Ixabiso lebhetri kWh liyehla rhoqo ngonyaka. Ukuba sithelekisa amaxabiso e-2018 kunye ne-2010, ayancipha ngamaxesha angama-6,6.

Izisombululo

Ukuphumelela akuveli kwiinkampani zamandla, kodwa kubavelisi beemoto. Itekhnoloji entsha inceda ukufumana amandla elanga kwaye iguqulwe ibe ngumbane. Isetyenziselwa "ukuhlawula" iimoto kunye namakhaya "ahlakaniphile".

• UTesla usayine isivumelwano sokubonelela ngeepaneli zelanga kunye neebhetri ze-lithium-ion kumakhaya angama-50000 e-Australia.
• Iimveliso kunye neenkonzo ezifanayo zanikezelwa nguNissan, owaphuhlisa itekhnoloji yayo.

Izisombululo ezitsha zifana neefektri ezibonakalayo ezisekelwe kwi-computing yamafu. Ngokomzekelo, imoto yombane inebhetri ye-80 kWh. Iimoto ezingama-250 yi-000 GWh. Ngokusisiseko sisixhobo esiphathwayo, esisasazwayo nesilawulekayo sokugcina amandla.

Amandla omoya

Kwiminyaka eyi-10 ezayo iya kuba ngowona mthombo mkhulu wamandla eYurophu. Iijenereyitha zomoya ziya kuba nengeniso ngakumbi kunegesi okanye amalahle.

Izisombululo

• UTesla wakhe isikhululo sebhetri eOstreliya esisebenza kwiiinjini zomoya. Indalo yayo ixabisa i-$ 66 yezigidi. Ngomnyaka wokuqala wokusebenza, ibuyise i-40 yezigidi zeedola kutyalo-mali, kwaye kunyaka wesibini iya kuhlawula ngokupheleleyo.
• IHywind Scotland, ifama yomoya engaselunxwemeni, inike amandla amakhaya angama-20 e-UK. Umba wamandla wawungama-000%, igesi kunye namalahle asezantsi ngokwe-avareji - 65-54%.

Oku kuya kuchaphazela njani

Uya kuba namandla ngakumbi :)

Ukhathalelo lwempilo

Ngokufutshane malunga noqikelelo

Oogqirha baya kukwazi ukubeka iliso kwimpilo yezigulane 24/7 kwaye bafumane iimpawu ze-alamu.

Izisombululo

• Ukubeka iliso. Iinzwa zijonga iiparamitha zempilo: uxinzelelo lwegazi, i-pulse, inqanaba leswekile, njl. Idatha iqokelelwa nge-24/7, idluliselwe koogqirha efini, kwaye izilumkiso ziqwalaselwe. Umzekelo: I-FreeStyle Libre.
• Indlela yokuphila esempilweni I-Gamification isetyenziselwa ukukhokela ubomi obunempilo. Abasebenzisi bagqibezela imisebenzi, bafumane iikhredithi, bathenge iziselo kunye nabo, kwaye baye kwiimuvi. Abaguli rhoqo kwaye balulame ngokukhawuleza. Umzekelo: Ubomi
• Ezothutho. Amaqonga e-B2B anceda ukuba abantu baye kwiiklinikhi nasezibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Imizekelo: Impilo ka-Uber, iLyft kunye neAllscripts. Kufana no-Uber oqhelekileyo, kuphela i-ambulensi.
• Iiklinikhi. Imibutho ye-IT yenze iiklinikhi zonyango. Baphatha abasebenzi babo kuphela. Imizekelo: IAmazon (kunye noJ.P. Morgan kunye neBerkshire Hathaway) kunye neApple.
• Kukubhadla okungeyonyani. UGoogle AI ngoku ubhaqa umhlaza wamabele ngokuchaneka okungama-99%. Kwixesha elizayo, i-corporation iceba ukutyalomali ekuxilongweni kwezifo, iziseko zedatha kunye ne-inshurensi yezempilo.

Oku kuya kuchaphazela njani

Isigulana siya kufunda ukuxilongwa kwaye sifumane incwadi kagqirha phambi kokubona ugqirha ngokobuqu. Ukuba ufuna ukuya esibhedlele, akufuneki ulinde i-ambulensi. Izitofu zeziyobisi ziyazenzekela.

yothutho

Ngokufutshane malunga noqikelelo

Iinjini zombane ziya kushenxisa ngokuphawulekayo iinjini zokutsha zangaphakathi kunye neenjini zedizili.

Izisombululo

• Kwiimoto: Toyota, Ford, VW, GM, PSA Group, Daimler, Porsche, BMW, Audi, Lexus.
• Kuba iilori: Daimler, DAF, Peterbilt, Renault, Tesla, VW.
• Kwizithuthuthu: Harley Davidson, Zero.
• Kwinqwelomoya: Airbus, Boeing, Rolls-Royce, EasyJet.
• Kwabembi: Umbungu.
• Ngoololiwe: I-Enel, ebonelela ngeebhetri ze-lithium-ion kwi-Russian Railways.
• Kwiinqanawa: Siemens, Rolls-Royce.

Imithetho

ESpain, iimoto eziqhelekileyo sele zivaliwe ukuba zifikelele kumbindi weMadrid. Ngoku ziimoto zombane kuphela kunye neehybrids ezinokungena apho.

ISweden iye yavala ukuveliswa kweemoto ezineenjini zokutsha zangaphakathi ukusukela ngo-2030.

INorway iye yazisa isithintelo esifana neseSweden, kodwa iya kuqala ukusebenza kwiminyaka emi-5 ngaphambili: ukusuka kwi-2025.

I-China ifuna ukuba ubuncinane iipesenti ezili-10 zeemoto ezibonelelwa kweli lizwe zibe zombane. Ngo-2020, i-quota iya kwandiswa ukuya kuma-25%.

Oku kuya kuchaphazela njani

• Ukupheliswa kwezikhululo zegesi. Ziya kutshintshwa yi-V2G (Vehicle-to-grid) izitishi zegesi. Baya kukuvumela ukuba udibanise imoto kwigridi yamandla. Njengomnini wemoto yombane, uya kukwazi ukuthenga okanye ukuthengisa umbane kwabanye abanini beemoto. Umzekelo: Google.
• Ukuhanjiswa kwedatha yemozulu. Ungafaka abenzi boluvo abaqokelela idatha yemozulu: imvula, ubushushu, umoya, ukufuma, njl. Iinkampani zemozulu ziya kuthenga idatha kuba ulwazi luchaneke ngakumbi kwaye lusexesheni. Umzekelo: kwilizwekazi.
• Iibhetri ezirentwayo. Ibhetri yemoto iyabiza. Ayinguye wonke umntu othenga ezininzi, kodwa oku kugqiba ukuba isithuthi siza kuhamba kangakanani ngaphandle kokutshaja kwakhona. Ukuqesha iibhetri ezongezelelweyo kuya kukuvumela ukuba uhambe imigama emide.

Ukuzimela

Ngokufutshane malunga noqikelelo

Abaqhubi abayi kufuneka. Kuya kuba yinto engenanzuzo ukuqhuba.

Izisombululo

Iklasi yeemoto eziziqhubayo zenzelwe ukuba zisebenze ngakumbi kunezo ziqhelekileyo.

• Ngaphandle kwevili lokuqhuba kunye neepedals. I-General Motors ikhuphe imoto ngaphandle kokulawula ngesandla. Iyaziqhuba kwaye ithwala abakhweli.
• Iteksi eziqhubayo. I-Waymo (i-subsidiary kaGoogle) iqalise inkonzo yeteksi esebenza phantse ngaphandle komqhubi.
• Tesla Autopilot. Ngayo, umngcipheko wokufumana ingozi wehla ngama-40%. Ii-inshorensi zinike izaphulelo kwabo basebenzisa i-autopilot.
• Ukuhanjiswa kwempahla. Iivenkile ezinkulu zaseKroger ziqalise ukuhanjiswa kwegrosari engaqhutywa mntu. Ngaphambili, inkampani yayiququzelele iindawo zokugcina iirobhothi ezingama-20.

Oku kuya kuchaphazela njani

Uthutho luza kuthotywa kwaye luya kuhla ngenxa yeendleko eziphantsi kunye nokunyuka kwentlawulo.

• 24/7 inkonzo. Iimoto eziziqhubayo zihlala zithatha iiodolo kwaye aziyeki umsi.
• Ukunqongophala kwabaqhubi. Akuyi kufuneka bahlawule. Izikolo zokuqhuba ziya kuvalwa. Akuyi kufuneka uphumelele ilayisenisi yakho.
• Inani elincitshisiweyo lokucalula. Iimoto eziqhelekileyo zineendawo ezihambayo ezingama-2000, iimoto ezizimeleyo zine-20. Ukonakaliswa okumbalwa kuthetha ukugcinwa kwexabiso eliphantsi.
• Ukunciphisa inani leengozi zendlela. Iimoto eziziqhubayo azifane zibe sengozini. Akukho mfuneko yokuchitha imali ekulungisweni kwemoto kunye nonyango lomzimba.
• Ukonga kwindawo yokupaka. Emva kohambo, ungathumela imoto ukuba ithwale abanye abakhweli okanye uyithumele egaraji.

Siphelo:kuzokwenzeka ntoni ebantwini?

Nokuba kusetyenziswe i-automation epheleleyo, abantu abayi kushiywa bengenamsebenzi. Ingqesho yabo iyatshintshwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo iziseko ezitsha.


Imisebenzi yesiqhelo iya kwenziwa ngaphandle kokungenelela kwabantu. Umgangatho wobomi uya kuphucula. Kuya kubakho ixesha elingakumbi lakho kunye nokusombulula iingxaki zehlabathi.

umthombo: www.habr.com