*, okanye I-Frequency Illusion kukugqwetheka kwengqondo apho ulwazi olusanda kufunda luvela kwakhona emva kwexesha elifutshane lubonwa njengesiqhelo ngokungaqhelekanga.
Kukho iibugs macala onke...
"Isoftware" yomntu ngamnye kuthi igcwele "iimpazamo" - .
Umbuzo uvela: umntu unokuyibona njani inyaniso ngaphandle kwabo? Ngaba ukuqonda komntu, ngokomgaqo, kunokukhululeka ekuphambukeni okucwangcisiweyo ekuqondeni? Ibutho labantu nehlabathi beliya kutshintsha njani ukuba wonke umntu ebekhululekile kuzo?
Nangona kungekho zimpendulo kule mibuzo, kwaye ngelixa kungekho namnye kuthi okhululekile kubo, le "Achilles isithende" sombono womntu isetyenziswe ngempumelelo ngabathengisi, abathengisi kunye nabanye abaqeqeshi. . Baye bakwazi ukwenza iindlela zobuchule, basebenzise ngempumelelo ukuphazamiseka kwethu kwengqondo, umzekelo, ukufezekisa iinjongo zorhwebo zamaqumrhu.
Umbhali ufumene isicelo esisebenzayo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwenye indawo - ukufundisa iilwimi zasemzini.
Inertia yengqondo yolwimi lwenkobe ekufundeni ulwimi lwasemzini
Njengengcali esebenza ngengqondo yabantu, umbhali uyazi kakuhle indlela ebuhlungu kwaye ingasebenzi ngayo ukulwa ne-inertia yengqondo yolwimi lomthonyama xa ufunda isiNgesi.
Inzululwazi yengqondo ibonakalise ukuba nokuba umntu uyazi kakuhle ubukho bokugqwetheka kwengqondo, olu lwazi alunikezi nakancinci ukungakhuseleki komntu ekuweleni kubo. Xa ufundisa ulwimi, injongo kukukwazi ukusebenzisa ulwimi njengesixhobo, hayi umzabalazo wokugqwetheka okungenakuthintelwa kwengqondo okuthintela ukufezekiswa kwale njongo. Kwangaxeshanye, ukudibana nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwinkqubo yokufunda ulwimi lwasemzini akunakuphepheka.
Ngelishwa, itekhnoloji edumileyo kunye neendlela zokufundisa iilwimi zasemzini ezikhoyo namhlanje kwinqanaba elicwangcisiweyo azithatheli ngqalelo ukuchasana kwendalo kwengqondo ekudityanisweni kwezakhiwo zolwimi ezingaqondiyo, kwaye, enyanisweni, zingaphezulu. Iiprojekthi ezinokuba zexesha elide zigqobhoze iingcango ezivaliweyo ngamabunzi kunenkqubo eyonwabisayo yokufumana izakhono ezibalulekileyo ezikhatshwa lulonwabo lokuva ukukhula kobuchule kunye nenzuzo yobukrelekrele, ixesha kunye notyalo-mali lwemali.
Kwinkqubo yokufundisa, umbhali wafunda inyaniso enye: ukulwa nokugqwethwa kwengqiqo xa ufundisa ulwimi akunamveliso njengokulwa neShadows zikaJung ngokukaJung, ezinokoyiswa kuphela ngokuzichonga, ukuziqonda kunye nokuzamkela kuye. Xa iShadow ecinezelweyo idityanisiwe kwakhona kubuntu, esi sithunzi sijika sibe sisixhobo esinamandla.
Ukususela kwesi sigqibo, ingcamango yazalelwa "ukukhwela" inertia yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukudlala kunye nokuqonda ngendlela elawulwayo ukwenzela ukuba ukuphazamisa kuncede, kunokuba kuthintele, ukulinganisa ngokukhawuleza kwezinto.
Indlela ye-12 yazalwa (ikhonkco kwiprofayili) - indlela ye-heuristic "yokulayisha" inkqubo "yexesha" yegrama yesiNgesi. Inkqubo apho ezinye iziphene zethu zengqondo, ngokuqhelekileyo imiqobo, zisebenza njengamahlakani ethu, ukubonelela, ngokumangalisayo, ulwazi kunye nentuthuzelo yenkqubo yokufunda, ukonga okubalulekileyo ngexesha kunye nemali - ngokubanzi, indlela emfutshane elula, i-algorithmic, kunye neyokonwabisa usukelo.
“Nabani na osikhathazayo uya kusinceda!”
Inkqubo yokwazi iindlela ezilishumi elinesibini zexesha lesiNgesi, iNdlela ye-12, isekelwe kumgaqo we-Aikido othi: “Lowo usithintelayo uya kusinceda!”
Ewe, kutheni utyalomali kumlo odinisayo ngokuchasene nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo ukuba zinokusetyenziswa njengamahlakani anamandla emqolo ekulula kakhulu ukukhwela kuloyisa kwisakhono esitsha?
Yintoni lento , yintoni esincedayo ukuba siyibambe kakuhle imathiriyeli kwisithuba seNdlela ye-12, kwaye zeziphi iindlela zemveli zokufundisa ezisebenzisanayo ngokungekho ngqiqweni?
Masiqale ngento yokuba ngayo nayiphi na indlela yemveli ekufumaneni ulwimi, iyenzeka ukufunda ngaphandle njengento esele ikhona. Ithemba lokuphinda kudityaniswe le nkqubo yasemzini kwindawo yokulwa yengqondo yomntu ibonakala ngathi iyingozi njengokuthatha udonga lwenqaba ngokutsiba. Kukho mna, kwaye kukho isigebenga samaNgesi, kwaye kufuneka ndiyitye kwaye ndiyisele le ndlovu, ndisika amaqhekeza amancinci kuyo ixesha elide, elide.
Ukugada umzuzu xa le ndlovu ityiweyo iba yinxalenye edityanisiweyo yokuqonda kwakho kukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okubizwa ngokuba “” (enxulunyaniswa ne ""). Indlela ye-12 ithathela ingqalelo le nto yengqondo, kunye nefanayo "” (okuyipropati yenjongo ye-psyche, kwaye kungekhona ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo), ukwakha indawo yemfundo kwi-inertia yabo.
Makhe sijonge indlela iNdlela ye-12 edibana ngayo nenye yazo
Makhe sijonge indlela iNdlela ye-12 edibana ngayo nenye yazo kunye nendlela iindlela zemveli:
| Isiphumo se-IKEA, inkcazo | Indlela ye-12 | Trad. iindlela zokufundisa |
|---|---|---|
| Utyekelo lwabantu lokuxabisa ngakumbi oko baye bathabatha inxaxheba ekudaleni. Ngenxa yokuba inzame eninzi yenziwe kwiprojekthi, abantu bahlala bethambekele ekuqhubekeni nokutyala imali kwiiprojekthi ezisileleyo ngokucacileyo. | Ngaphakathi kwesakhelo se-Method 12, umntu ngokuzimela wakha inkqubo yamaxesha esiNgesi, ephendula imibuzo katitshala, ecetywayo ngokulandelelana okuthile. Abafundi babona ukuba mangaphi amanyathelo asele de ukwakhiwa kugqitywe kwaye balinganise imbuyekezo kutyalo-mali lwabo. Xa isakhiwo sigqityiwe, bayayeka ukutshala imali ekudaleni isakhiwo kwaye baqonde ukuba inqanaba lokuphucula ukulawulwa kwesakhiwo liqala. | Umfundi akazidali nto ngokwakhe, uzama nje ukubethelela into ethile yangaphandle engabonakaliyo kuye. Njengomthetho, abantu bazama ukuqonda inkqubo yamaxesha iminyaka kwaye bahlala benganelisekanga ngokuqonda kwabo kunye nokulawula lo mbandela. Abafundi basenokuhlehla okwethutyana, kwaye kamva, phantsi koxinzelelo lwemfuneko yenjongo, babuyele kumalinge okuzama ukufunda kakuhle imathiriyeli; okanye baqhubeke ngenkani betyala imali kwinto abayenza kakubi kakhulu bengaqondi. |
| Isiphumo sesizukulwana, okanye ukubonakaliswa, inkcazo | Indlela ye-12 | Trad. iindlela zokufundisa |
|---|---|---|
| Ubuchule obungcono bezinto eziphathekayo buqhutywa ngumntu phantsi kweemeko zesizukulwana sakhe esizimeleyo okanye ukugqitywa ngumntu ngokwakhe kunokuba afunde nje. Izibonakalisa ngenxa yokucubungula okunzulu kolwazi olugqityiweyo, oluthwala umthwalo we-semantic. Ibandakanya ukusekwa kwenani elikhulu lokudibanisa okudibeneyo, okwandisa inani "leendlela zokufikelela" kulwazi oluveliswayo, ngokuchasene "nokufunda" okulula. | Ngaphakathi kwesakhelo seNdlela ye-12, umntu, ephendula imibuzo elandelelanayo yendalo yokuqonda, ngokuzimeleyo uvelisa inkqubo, ebiza ukusuka kwingqondo yakhe izinto eziqhelekileyo neziqondakalayo zolwimi lwakhe lwenkobe esele zikhona, kwaye uzilungelelanise kwenye inkqubo ulwimi olufundwayo. Ngaloo ndlela, inkqubo entsha yindalo yomfundi kwaye kungekhona into yangaphandle ekufuneka ifundwe. Isazisi senkqubo ebonakalisiweyo kwinkqubo yesiNgesi “amaxesha” luxanduva lukatitshala kunye nomphuhlisi, hayi umfundi. | Umfundi akenzi nto ngokwakhe, uzama kuphela ukufunda ngokumfamekileyo umbandela wangaphandle ongaqhelekanga, esebenzisa imithetho engacwangciswanga kunye nokuzivocavoca okwenziwe ngabantu besithathu. |
Ezi ziganeko zibini, enye yazo kukugqwetheka kwengqondo, ziintsika ekwakhiwe kuzo izigaba ezibini kwezine (ezilinganayo zokuqala nezesithathu) zeNdlela ye-12, apho kutyhilwa khona ukwakhiwa kwenkqubo yeemo zexesha lesiNgesi.
Uloyiso lwesikhova kunye nehlabathi
Ngapha koko, iNdlela ye-12 yoyisa ngempumelelo ingxaki yakudala yabafundi "ukutsala isikhova saseRussia kwiglowubhu yesiNgesi", esele ixoxiwe ngumbhali. ngaphambili.
Kubonakala ngathi oku kugqwetheka kwengqondo kuphuma kwiimpazamo "","Kwaye "" Badityaniswe kukuthambekela kwengqondo yethu ukufuna okanye ukutolika ulwazi olutsha ngendlela ehambelana ne-paradigm esele ikhona kwi-consciousness yethu. Kwimeko yokufunda isiNgesi, yinto eqhubekayo yokukhangela ingqiqo yengqondo yesiRashiya ngolwimi lwangaphandle, ngokuqinisekileyo, luphantse lungabikho apho kwifom efunwayo.
Esikhundleni sokuphikisana ngamandla anamandla athi, ngokuchasene nentando yethu, iqala "ukutsala" izinto ezintsha ezingaphandle kwe-paradigm yolwimi lwesiRashiya lwasekhaya kule paradigm, endaweni yokubethelela izikhonkwane zemithetho kule nkqubo ezenzekelayo kunye nokuqhawula isabhokhwe. yokuxhuzula nokulungisa iimpazamo ezingapheliyo ekuthetheni nasekuzilolongeni, thina, njengogqirha wengqondo osisilumko, sivumelana ngobubele nengqiqo yemvukelo. "Ewe sithandwa. Ngaba ufuna njalo? Ewe, kulungile, makube njengoko ufuna. " Kwaye sakha umjelo ochanekileyo wezinto.
Ingqondo ethuthuzelekileyo iyayeka ukucinezeleka kunye nokuphakuzela kuba ayikwazi "ukutyhala kwinto ongakwaziyo ukungena kuyo." Ngeli xesha, ngobunono simnika umboniso wenkqubo yeentlobo kunye neefom zexesha, ezifakwe kwinkqubo yolwazi, izinto zokwenyani "zoxolo" kunye neempawu eziqhelekileyo kuye - "iinyani", "iinkqubo", "imihla ebekiweyo", "iinyani ezigqibeleleyo" , njl. Olu lwakhiwo luncedisayo lomfuziselo lucwangciswe ngendlela yokuba lufane nenkqubo yamaxesha alishumi elinesibini esiNgesi elizwi elisebenzayo. Kwisithuba seeyure ezimbalwa zoqeqesho, i-consciousness ibeka ngokutyibilikayo i-3D eyi-axiliary XNUMXD kwi-English Tenses system, kwaye ngokwemvelo idibanisa into eyayikade ithiywa kwaye ingaqondakali Present Perfect Simple and Future Perfect Progressive. Isifaniso sinokutsalwa kunye nemeko xa kuyimfuneko ukuhambisa iyeza egazini lesilwanyana esigulayo. Isilwanyana siya kunqaba ukutya ipilisi ngendlela ecocekileyo, kwaye endaweni yokuchitha ixesha ekuchaseni kunye nobudlova, umniniyo udibanisa nje ipilisi ekuphatheni. Voila.
Ngenxa yoko, savumela ingqondo ukuba “itsale” kulonwabo lwalo, kodwa sayihlengahlengisa kancinane le nkqubo: “isikhova” saba sisiNgesi, yaye elithi “globe” laba sisiRashiya. Oko kukuthi, ingqondo, phantsi kokhokelo olungqongqo lomfundisi-ntsapho, yayeka ukukhangela ingqiqo yesiRashiya kwisiNgesi, kodwa, ngokuchaseneyo, ifunyenwe kwizinto zesiRashiya zengqiqo yengqondo yesiNgesi kwaye yakhiwe kwiindidi eziqondakalayo neziqhelekileyo ezi zinto ziqhelekileyo. zombini iilwimi zibe yimodeli yenkqubo efana nenkqubo yexesha leendlela zolwimi lwesiNgesi. Ngokungenantlungu kwaye ngokukhululekileyo soyisa ukuxhathisa kwengqondo, saphepha umzabalazo ongenaziqhamo kunye nawo, sisebenzisa iindlela zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okukhankanywe ngasentla ukuze kuxhamle ukufakwa okungcono kunye nzulu ngaphakathi kobuchule.
Ngaphezu koko, ekuphuhliseni isigama sangaphakathi seNdlela ye-12, sisebenzisa inertia yendalo и , i-encoding ngokwemeko ezinye zezona zakhiwo zinzima kakhulu zokuqonda ukuthetha isiRashiya kunye namabinzana abantu abaqhelekileyo, njengathi: "nabani na owama kuqala wafumana i-slippers", "Ndahamba, ndahamba, ndahamba, ndafumana ipayi, ndahlala phantsi, ndadla, emva koko waqhubela phambili", "isikere", "izikhonkwane", "amacandelo". Ngoku ekubeni sinee-memes ezinamandla kuluhlu lwethu, siye sakhulula ngenceba ukuqonda kwethu: ngoku, ukuze sidibanise iPast Perfect eyoyikisayo kwi-paradigm yethu yolwimi lwesiRashiya, asidingi nkcazelo yokwaphula amazinyo “njengesenzo esigqitywe ngaphambi kokuba siqale. ixesha eladlulayo elichaziweyo okanye elichaziweyo, elibunjwa ngesiNgesi ligama elithi had kunye nelidlulileyo. Kwanele ukucebisa ngokujonga iqhinga: "i-slippers kabani"?
Ayivakali ngokwenzululwazi kakhulu, ndiyavuma. Kodwa ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwaye ihlanganiswe kwinkqubo enengqiqo, elula kwaye enokwethenjelwa, njengompu wokuhlaselwa kweKalashnikov. Ikhutshwe kumxholo wenkqubo eyakhelweyo, le "pragmaterminology" ilahlekelwa yiyo yonke intsingiselo.
Kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya ukuba ikhosi yakhiwe ngokujikelezayo, kwizithethe ezilungileyo и . Izinto eziphathekayo zesigaba sokuqala zicutshungulwa kwinguqu entsha, enzulu kwisithathu, isigaba sesibini sibonakaliswe "sityebi" yesine. Kwaye ke - isibhakabhaka ngumda ... "I-skeleton" eqinile yegrama yesiNgesi ifakwe entloko yomfundi. Okulandelayo, unokwakha "imisipha" eqingqiweyo kuyo kwaye upholise obunye ubuhle bolwimi njengoko umfundi efuna kunye neemfuno.
Isono somfundisi-ntsapho
Sacinga kakhulu ngabafundi. Kwaye umfundisi-ntsapho? Ukwangumntu onezinto zakhe ezigqwethekileyo. Yintoni eyenziwa ngumfundisi-ntsapho xa efundisa esebenzisa iNdlela ye-12? Ukugqwethwa kwembono ngegama elibi "”: “Olunye ucalucalulo lwengqondo ekucingeni komntu kukuba kunzima kakhulu kubantu abanolwazi ngakumbi ukujonga nayiphi na ingxaki ngokwembono yabantu abangenalwazi kangako.” Ukuba neteknoloji ecacileyo enjalo endaweni, utitshala akanalo ithuba lokubhida intloko yomfundi ngokungazi. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba xa efundisa esebenzisa iNdlela ye-12, njengakweso siqhulo, “ngoxa ndandicacisa, ndaqonda,” ngoxa umfundisi-ntsapho ecacisa umbandela, maxa wambi unokuyibona into awayengazange ayibone ngaphambili.
Ndingathanda ukwazi ukuba zeziphi na iingxaki zokuqonda abo bagqiba ukufunda esi sicatshulwa badibana nazo xa befunda iilwimi. Kwaye isicelo esikhulu kwabo bangenakho ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kukuba bangagibi amatye angalunganga kwiNdlela ukuba kunokwenzeka. Umbhali wazama.
umthombo: www.habr.com