UGena wazalelwa eSoviet Union. Nangona kwakusele kusekupheleni kobukumkani obukhulu, ndakwazi ukujonga umzobo weLenin ngokubhekiselele kwi-backdrop yeflegi ebomvu, ebekwe kwindawo yokuqala yokusasazeka kwe-primer. Kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, uGena wayethanda yonke into enxulumene nendawo. Wayenelunda kuba ehlala kwilizwe elalinoludwe lubalaseleyo lwezinto aziphumezileyo kwinzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi, nto nganye kulo eqala ngegama elithi “kuqala.”
UGena akakhumbuli phantsi kweziphi iimeko, kodwa wafumana incwadi enkulu malunga nokwakhiwa kweendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ukongeza kwingcaciso malunga nokusebenza komgqomo wokudibanisa, yathetha ngemisebenzi kaTsiolkovsky kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza kwe-jet injini. Ngoku uGene waba nomdla ngakumbi - kwaqala ukubonakala ngathi ngenye imini yena ngokwakhe uya kuba nako ukuthatha inxaxheba kwi-astronautics.
Ukuba likhoboka
Kwakukho iincwadi kunye neefilimu. Ngamaxesha eSoviet, akukho nto ingako yenziweyo okanye yabhalwa malunga ne-astronautics, kodwa ekuqaleni iGene yayinokwaneleyo. Wafunda "I-Faetians" kunye noKir Bulychev, babukela iifilimu malunga nolutsha kwindawo (ndilibele igama, kubonakala ngathi kukho uchungechunge apho), kwaye waqhubeka ephupha indawo.
I-90 yeza, ulwazi lwethu kunye nendawo yeendaba zandisiwe, kwaye mna noGena sabona i-Star Wars okokuqala ngqa safunda u-Isaac Asimov noHarry Harrison. Ithala lethu lelali lalinokhetho olulinganiselweyo, yaye kwakungekho mali yokuthenga iincwadi, ngoko sasaneliswa koko sasikufumana. Uninzi lwamagama, yeha, sele luphelile kwinkumbulo. Ndikhumbula ukuba kwakukho isiqendu sika-Isaac Asimov malunga nomfana othile owayesebenza njengomcuphi-waphanda ubugebenga eVenus, eMars, wade watyelela iMercury. Kwakukho nothotho lwe “American Science Fiction”- iincwadi ezinoqweqwe oluthambileyo, i-nondescript, ezinamaqweqwe amnyama namhlophe. Enye incwadi enomlinganiswa ophambili ogama linguFizpok, owabhabhela eMhlabeni esuka kwiplanethi apho i-dudes aphoselana khona ngeebhombu zenyukliya, kwaye endleleni wajika waba yindoda. Kuthekani ngoSolaris? Yintoni enokuba ntle ngaphezu kwale ncwadi? Ngamafutshane, sifunda yonke into esiyifumeneyo.
Kwiminyaka yoo-90s, uthotho lweeanimated lwavela kumabonakude. Ngubani okhumbula "i-Lieutenant Marsh's Space Rescuers"? Yonke imihla, nge-15-20 kanye, emva kweendaba zemini, njenge-bayonet kwi-TV, ukuze, uThixo angakuvumeli, ungaphuthelwa imizuzu engama-20 yolonwabo, malunga neemfazwe ezingapheliyo zabantu - eziqhelekileyo kunye ne-blue, ezenziwe. Ngubani owayiqondayo indlela olu ngcelele loopopayi oluphela ngayo?
Kodwa umphefumlo wam usalele ngakumbi kwimisebenzi yeSoviet. Andazi ngawe, kodwa kwabonakala kuGene ukuba kukho uthando oluninzi kubo, okanye into ethile. Okanye imiphefumlo. Ngabo abavusa ukunxanelwa indawo kukaGene.
Okwesithathu
Unxano lwalunamandla kangangokuba uGena waluva phantse ngokoqobo. Wayefuna ngamandla ... andazi nokuba yintoni. Andiqinisekanga ukuba naye wayesazi. Ndwendwela indawo. Ndwendwela ezinye iiplanethi, ubone ihlabathi elitsha, ufumane ikholoni, yenza ubuhlobo nabemi beeplanethi ezingaziwa, ulwe nenye impucuko, ubone imithi ekhula esibhakabhakeni, okanye kwiintloko zabaphambukeli, okanye naphi na. Jonga into engenakwenzeka nokuba uyicinge.
Kwakukho iGena ehlabathini - umntwana omncinci, osisidenge kunye nongenangqondo, kwaye kwakukho i-astronautics. Ngokuchanekileyo, amaphupha am ngaye. UGena wakhula waza waba nethemba. Hayi, akazange athembe - walinda. Wayelindele ukuba i-astronautics ekugqibeleni yenze ukuphumelela okuya kuguqula ubomi bakhe bonke, iGene, incinci kunye nobomi obudinayo bubheke ezantsi. Akunjalo kuphela, ngokuqinisekileyo, ihlabathi lonke, kodwa uGena, njengaye nawuphi na umntwana, wayezicingela yedwa. Wayelindele impumelelo kwi-astronautics yena.
Isizathu sacebisa ukuba impumelelo inokuvela kumacala amabini kuphela.
Eyokuqala ngabaphambukeli. Into engaqhelekanga, engalindelekanga enokutshintsha ubomi beplanethi. Ngokwenyani, akukho nto ixhomekeke ebantwini apha. Ukuba abaphambukeli bafika, konke okufuneka ukwenze kukusabela kwaye ubone ukuba izinto zihamba njani. Mhlawumbi kuya kufana neeMartians ezivela kwi "Faetians" - abahlobo baya kubhabha, benze iplanethi engaphiliyo ihlale kwaye ibancede baphume emhadini. Okanye mhlawumbi, njengoko ngoku bathanda kwiifilimu zaseHollywood, njenge "Skyline", "Cowboys and Aliens" kunye nabanye abayizigidi.
Okwesibini bubuchwepheshe bentshukumo. Kubonakala kucacile ukuba uluntu aluyi kubhabha naphi na, aluyi kufumana nto kwaye aluyi kwenza ubuhlobo nabani na de lufunde ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwindawo. Sidinga injini ekhawulezayo ukuya kwisantya sokukhanya, okanye ngokukhawuleza. Inketho yesibini yi-teleportation okanye ezinye zezinto zayo ezahlukeneyo. Ewe, kwakubonakala kunje kuthi xa sasisengabantwana.
Ukukhathala
Kodwa ixesha lahamba, yaye ngandlel’ ithile akuzange kubekho nkqubela. Kwakudala ndiwalahlile amaphupha am okufunda ngeenkwenkwezi ndaza ndaba nomdla kwiprogramu, kodwa uGena waqhubeka nokulinda.
Ezi ndaba zabonisa ezinye ii-cosmonauts, ezixutywe noosomajukujuku, bebhabha besiya kwisikhululo saseMir ngokungathi basemsebenzini. Ngamaxesha athile, ezinye iimvavanyo ezenziwa kwi-orbit zikhankanyiwe, kodwa ... zazincinci, okanye enye into. Babengenanto ifanayo neembono zethu malunga nendawo kunye nobuchule bayo.
Isikhululo seMir sasikhukuliswe ngokukhuselekileyo, i-ISS yakhiwa, kwaye yonke into yaqhubeka ngokwemeko efanayo. Babhabha apho, bahlala kwi-orbit iinyanga ezintandathu, wonke umntu ulungisa into ethile, udibanisa izinto, uzalise imingxuma, imbewu ehlumayo, ubanqwenelela uNyaka omtsha, ubaxelele ukuba kunzima kangakanani ukuhlamba iinwele zakho kwaye uye kwindlu yangasese. Iisathelayithi ziqaliswa ngamanani kangangokuba azikwazi ukucudisa kwi-orbit.
Ngokuthe ngcembe, uGena waqalisa ukuqonda ukuba, eneneni, kwakungekho nto yayinokulinda. Izicwangciso zabo, oosomajukujuku kunye nezazinzulu, zahluke kabukhali kwezethu. Amandla abo kunye nesantya sokuphuhliswa kweenkwenkwezi azisahambelani nokulindela kukaGena.
Ngoko, engazi yena nabo babemngqongile, uGena waba ngumntu omkhulu. Ewe, waba njani - iingalo nemilenze yakhe yaba nde, waba nosapho, umsebenzi, mboleko, izibophelelo, ilungelo lokuvota. Kodwa umntwana wangaphakathi wahlala. Lowo wayelindile.
Izitshizi
Kwisivunguvungu sokukhathazeka kobomi babantu abadala, amaphupha obuntwaneni aqala ukulibala. Asifane sivuke - kuphela xa sifunda enye incwadi entle okanye sibukele imuvi endilisekileyo malunga nendawo. Andazi ngawe, kodwa uGena akonwabanga ngakumbi ngeefilimu zanamhlanje. Thatha i "Star Trek" efanayo - yonke into ibonakala ilungile, inomdla othakazelisayo, isicwangciso sinomdla, abadlali balungile, umlawuli uyamangalisa ... Kodwa akunjalo. Awukwazi ukuthelekisa noSolaris (ndithetha ngencwadi).
Kuphela yi-“Avatar”, “Interstellar” kunye “neSithili se-9” ezawuvuselela ngokwenene umphefumlo.
Kwi-Avatar kukho elinye ilizwe lokwenyani, ukuntywiliselwa okupheleleyo okumangalisayo kwezinye iiplanethi, nangona kukho ibali eliqhelekileyo laseHollywood elibhalwe ngaphakathi. Kodwa xa ubukele ifilimu, kuyacaca ukuba umlawuli ubeke into ebalulekileyo, ukuba ayilona nxalenye enkulu yexesha lakhe kunye nomphefumlo wakhe ekudaleni eli hlabathi kwaye libonise kuthi ngoncedo lwezobuchwephesha obubonakalayo.
"I-Interstellar" yi ... Le yi "Interstellar". Kuphela nguChristopher Nolan onokubonisa indawo kunye nabantu abangena kuyo okokuqala ngale ndlela. Le yi "Solaris" kunye ne "Flight of the Earth" kwibhotile enye, ukuba uyayithelekisa kwinqanaba lokunyakaza kwengqondo.
Kwaye i-"District No. 9" ivele yabetha ingqondo yam. Ibali likude kakhulu kwiingcamango zemveli malunga nenzululwazi - nangona, kubonakala ngathi, iyelenqe lalilele phantsi kweenyawo-kwaye lalidutyulwe kakuhle kangangokuba ufuna ukulibukela kwakhona okwesigidi. Kwaye lonke ixesha lifana nelokuqala. Kunqabile ukuba nabaphi na abalawuli baphumelele koku.
Kodwa zonke ezi ziingceba nje. Kwelinye icala, bakholisa ngokumangalisayo kuba bavusa abantu abafana noGena umntwana namaphupha akhe. Kwelinye icala, damn it, zivusa umntwana kuye namaphupha akhe! UGena ubonakala evuka ephupheni elibi elibizwa ngokuthi "ubomi babantu abadala" kwaye ukhumbula ... Malunga nendawo, ezinye iiplanethi, ukuhamba kwe-interstellar, ihlabathi elitsha, isantya sokukhanya kunye ne-blasters. Kwaye uzama ukunxibelelanisa amaphupha am nenyani.
Yinyaniso
Yintoni eneneni? Iisathelayithi zetriliyoni, zorhwebo kunye nezomkhosi. Ewe, mhlawumbi bayamnceda uGene ngento ethile, kodwa yena, isidalwa esingenambulelo, akonelisekanga kwakhona.
Ezinye iirokethi ziyabhabha. Kwisithuba, emva koko. Abanye ababhabhi ngasemva. Ezinye iintlanzi emanzini. Ezinye ziyaqhuma. Gene, yintoni ke?
Ewe, kukho ukhenketho lwasemajukujukwini. Abanye abantu abazizityebi bangena kumjikelezo ngenxa yemali eninzi. Kodwa uGena akafuni ukuya kwi-orbit. Akafuni nokuya kuMars - uyazi ukuba akukho nto inomdla apho.
Kukho izixhobo ezizenzekelayo ezithi ziqaliswe kwezinye iiplanethi. Zibhabha ngalo lonke ixesha kwaye zithumela imifanekiso. Imifanekiso ekruqulayo, engathandekiyo. Azinakufaniswa nezo zatsalwa yingqondo yethu ebuntwaneni.
U-Elon Musk ubonakala efuna ukuthumela abantu kuMars. Nini, ngubani kanye kanye, baya kubhabha ixesha elingakanani, baya kubuya njani, baya kwenza ntoni - nguElon Musk kuphela owaziyo. Ngokuqinisekileyo abayi kuthabatha iGena. Ewe, wayengenakuhamba ngenqwelomoya, kuba le yi-surrogate, intsebenziswano nesazela, inzame yokukhohlisa amaphupha abantwana.
Ngenye imini bathatha ifoto yomngxuma omnyama. Izihloko zithi akuzange kube kubi ngakumbi kune-Interstellar. Iyamangalisa. Oku kuthetha ukuba uGena sele ebone umngxuma omnyama amaxesha amaninzi - kwi-cinema nasekhaya, kwiTV.
Ixesha lokuqala
Kutshanje ndidibene noGena. Sakhumbula ixesha eladlulayo, sahleka, yabe incoko yabuyela esithubeni kwakhona. Ngokukhawuleza uGena waba luzizi, ngokungathi sixubusha ngesifo esinganyangekiyo esasihleli ngaphakathi kuye. Kwacaca ukuba wayedlakazwe ziimpikiswano. Kwelinye icala, ndicinga ukuba akanamntu anokuthetha naye ngesithuba ngaphandle kwam, kodwa ufuna ngokwenene. Kwelinye icala, iyintoni ingongoma?
Kodwa ndagqiba ekubeni ndincede umhlobo wam ndaza ndamenza ukuba athethe. UGena wayencokola engayeki, ndamamela, phantse ngaphandle kokuphazamisa.
UGena uthe wayenethamsanqa kakhulu ngokukhetha kwakhe into ayithandayo. Wayithelekisa nam - ndiye ndaphupha ngeprogramu ukusukela kwibanga le-9. Wathi yena, njengezigidi zabanye abantu, wayekhohlisiwe ngamaxesha abokuqala.
Yintoni ecacileyo, ndiqale intetho yam ngale nto. Kwakukho ixesha - kunye nexesha elifutshane kakhulu - xa enye into efunyenweyo ilandela enye, ngokoqobo kwi-cascade. Kwaye phantse zonke zikwilizwe lethu. Ngaloo minyaka, akukho mntu oqhelekileyo, njengathi, wayenokucinga ukuba le yayiyikhilimu yokuqala kuphela, kwaye emva kwayo, maye, kuya kubakho uluhlu olukhulu lobisi omuncu.
Benza konke okusemandleni abo ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo. Bandulula isathelayithi, bathumela izinja, indoda, yaya emajukujukwini, yathumela umfazi, amaMelika ehla eNyangeni, kwaye...Nantso ke.
Yaye basibonisa ngathi esi sisiqalo nje. Kufana - heyi, jonga into esinokuyenza! Yaye esi yaba sisihlandlo sokuqala kuphela! Kuya kwenzeka ntoni emva koko! Kwaye akunakwenzeka ukucinga!
Kunokwenzeka nje ukucinga, kwaye iincwadi kunye neefilimu zasinceda kakhulu ngale nto. Abokuqala bawenza umsebenzi wabo, saza saphefumlelwa ngendlela emangalisayo saza salinda abesibini. Kodwa eyesibini ayizange ifike. Abanjalo besibini, ukuze kungabikho neentloni phambi kwabokuqala.
UGena wavuma ngokunyanisekileyo ukuba wayenomona ngam ixesha elide, enomona omhlophe.
ezinye izinto zokuzonwabisa
Njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla, ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwayo, ndaba nomdla kwiprogram. Kwakuyi-'98, "Basic Corvette", incwadi ka-A. Fox kunye no-D. Fox "Basic for everyone." Ewe, abokuqala, njengakwi-astronautics - iikhompyuter, iinkqubo, iinethiwekhi, njl.
Kodwa kwi-IT ngokukhawuleza, njenge-avalanche, eyesibini, neyesithathu, neyamashumi amathathu anesihlanu yeza. Ihlabathi lonke libandakanyeka kwi-IT, kuyo yonke imbonakalo yayo eyahlukeneyo. Kwaye, ukunyaniseka, kwiminyaka engama-20 i-IT ihambe kakhulu kwaye ibanzi kunokuba bendiyicinga kwasekuqaleni.
Yiloo nto uGena anomona ngayo. Uyabona ukuba amaphupha am ebuntwaneni azalisekile - ubuncinane ngokuyinxenye. Kwaye wasala engenanto.
Umkhombe owaphukileyo
Umkhombe, yeha, wophukile ngokwenene. Kutshanje ibinguAprili 12. Ngubani esimkhumbulayo kwaye simhloniphe ngolu suku? Abokuqala kakhulu - Gagarin, Korolev, Leonov, Tereshkova, Grechko.
Kubonakala kuqhelekile ukuhlonipha owokuqala ngeholide. Kodwa kuqhelekile ukukhumbula okwesibini kwakhona. Ngubani owesibini? Ngubani omnye onokubalwa phakathi kwamagorha abalaseleyo kwizazi ngeenkwenkwezi zale mihla? Mangaphi amagama onokuthi uwabize - abo baqhubele phambili le nzululwazi kule minyaka ingama-50 idlulileyo?
Ukuba unomdla kakhulu kwi-astronautics, mhlawumbi uya kuchaza umntu. Wathi ke igama elinguGena. Kwaye andiyi kukhankanya nabani na ngaphandle kukaDmitry Rogozin no-Elon Musk. Enesingqala esilusizi ebusweni bakhe, kunjalo.
Bekungayi kubakho sithukuthezi ukuba umntu, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-injini yokukhangela, abize abaphathiswa ababenembopheleleko yokuthumela umntu wokuqala emajukujukwini. Ifikelele ntoni icosmonautics ukuba usekela-nkulumbuso wokuqala karhulumente ebenobuso bayo? Ngokomntu, andinanto ngokuchasene naba bantu - ndiyaqonda ukuba abazange banyukele kwi-pedestal ngenjongo. Kwaye into enomdla kakhulu eyenzekayo kweli sebe lolwazi ngumngxuma esikhumbeni sesikhululo se-orbital, apho sele kukho izinto ezaneleyo zoluhlu olupheleleyo.
Incinci. Kuyadika. Ndingenathemba.
UGene, njengam, sele eneminyaka engama-35 ubudala. Sazalwa iminyaka engama-20 emva kwesenzo sokuQala. Iminyaka engama-50 kwi-astronautics - i-vacuum. Ukucinga kancinci, iiprojekthi zorhwebo, iimfazwe ezibandayo ezijikelezayo, imali, inzuzo, ubuqhophololo, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, ubusela, ubugebenga, abaphathi abasebenzayo kwaye, ndiyaxolisa ngamanyala, iiprojekthi.
PS
Lo mhlathi ungasentla ngamazwi am. Khange ndibaxelele uGene. Ndiqinisekile ukuba ucinga ngendlela efanayo, kodwa kwanencoko yethu ende ayizange imzise kwinqanaba lokuba anyathele amaphupha akhe obuntwana ngebhutsi emdaka (okanye isihlangu sesikhumba selungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza).
UGena usenalo ithemba. Kuba yintoni - andazi. Ndiqinisekile ukuba akayi kufunda eli nqaku - akusiyo isibonelelo sakhe. Ndiva kakubi nje ngomhlobo wam wakudala. Mhlawumbi abaphambukeli baya kufika emva kwayo yonke loo nto?
umthombo: www.habr.com