Kwilixa elidlulile malunga nokupheliswa kwe-IPv4 - malunga nokuba ngubani ophethe isabelo esincinci seedilesi ezishiyekileyo kwaye kutheni oku kwenzekile. Namhlanje sixoxa ngenye indlela-iprotocol ye-IPv6 kunye nezizathu zokusasazeka kwayo kancinci - abanye bathi iindleko eziphezulu zokufuduka zinetyala, ngelixa abanye bathi iteknoloji sele iphelelwe lixesha.
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Ngubani osebenzisa i-IPv6
IPv6 ikhona ukusukela phakathi kwiminyaka yamashumi alithoba - kungoko apho ii-RFCs zokuqala zavela zichaza iindlela zokusebenza kwayo (umzekelo, ). Ukutyhubela iminyaka, iprotocol yaphuculwa kwaye yavavanywa de yenzeka kwi-2012. kunye nababoneleli abakhulu baqala ukuyisebenzisa - i-AT & T, iComcast, i-Internode kunye ne-XS4ALL yayiphakathi kweyokuqala.
Kamva badityaniswa nezinye iinkampani ze-IT, ezifana ne-Facebook. Namhlanje, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sabasebenzisi benethiwekhi yokuncokola basuka eUnited States ngoguqulelo lwesithandathu lweprotocol. Itrafikhi ye-IPv6 nayo ikhula ngokuthe ngcembe kumazwe ase-Asiya-iVietnam neTaiwan.
IPv6 iyakhuthazwa kwinqanaba lamazwe ngamazwe - kwi-UN. Kunyaka ophelileyo elinye lamacandelo ombutho liye labonisa . Ababhali bayo bacebise imodeli yokufudukela kwi-IPv6 kwaye banike iingcebiso zokusebenza kunye nezimaphambili zee-arhente zikarhulumente kunye neenkampani zabucala.
Izinto ezivela kwibhlog yethu kuHabré:
Ekuqaleni konyaka uCisco , eyathi ngo-2022 i-IPv6 itrafikhi iza kuphinda kane xa kuthelekiswa no-2019 (). Nangona kunjalo, nangona inkxaso esebenzayo yenguqu yesithandathu yeprotocol, uphuhliso olunjalo lweziganeko lubonakala lungenakwenzeka. IPv6 isasazeka kancinci kwihlabathi jikelele - iyaxhaswa okwangoku iindawo. Kwaye kukho izizathu ezininzi zoku.
Yintoni ethoba ukuphunyezwa
Okokuqala, ubunzima bobugcisa. Ukutshintshela kwi-IPv6, kufuneka uhlaziye isixhobo sakho kwaye usiqwalasele. Kwimeko yesiseko esikhulu se-IT, lo msebenzi unokuthi ungabi yinto encinci. Ngokomzekelo, umphuhlisi womdlalo we-SIE Worldwide Studios uzame ukutshintshela kwinguqulelo yesithandathu yeprotocol . Iinjineli zahlaziya ulwakhiwo lwenethiwekhi, zalahla i-NAT kunye nemithetho yomlilo yomlilo. Kodwa abazange bakwazi ukufudukela ngokupheleleyo kwi-IPv6. Ngenxa yoko, iqela lagqiba ekubeni liwuyeke lo mbono kwaye lirhoxise iprojekthi.
Okwesibini, iindleko eziphezulu zenguqu. Ewe, kukho imizekelo kwishishini apho ukutshintshela kwi-IPv6 kuvumele inkampani ukuba yonge imali. Umzekelo, omnye wababoneleli be-Intanethi abakhulu baseOstreliya ukuba ukufudukela kwi-IPv6 kuya kuxabisa ngaphantsi kokuthenga iidilesi ze-IPv4 ezongezelelweyo. Nangona kunjalo, nakule meko, imali iya kufuneka ichithwe ekuthengeni izixhobo, ukuqeqesha abasebenzi kwakhona kunye nokuhlaziya izivumelwano nabasebenzisi.
Ngenxa yoko, ukufudukela kwiprothokholi yesizukulwana esitsha kubiza imali eninzi yeenkampani ezithile. Ngoko ke, njani injineli ekhokelayo komnye wababoneleli be-Intanethi baseBritane, ngelixa yonke into iya kusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwi-IPv4, ukutshintshela kwi-IPv6 ngokuqinisekileyo akuyi kwenzeka.
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Iingcali zikwaqaphela ukuba kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, inguqulelo yesithandathu yeprotocol sele iphelelwe lixesha. Iinjineli zeYunivesithi yaseRutgers ukuba i-IPv6 (njengomanduleli wayo) ayikufanelanga kakuhle ukusebenza kuthungelwano oluphathwayo. Xa umsebenzisi ehamba ukusuka kwindawo yofikelelo ukuya kwenye, iindlela “ezindala” zokunikezela zinoxanduva lokutshintsha izikhululo ezisisiseko. Kwixesha elizayo, xa inani leedilesi ze-IP kunye nezixhobo zeselfowuni kwihlabathi landa kakhulu, eli nqaku lingakhokelela ekulibazisekeni ngexesha lokuxhunywa kwakhona.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto ezicothisa inguqu ukuya kwi-IPv6, iingcali zibalaselisa ukwanda kokusebenza okuncinci inkqubo entsha. Ngokwamanye amaphononongo, kumazwe ommandla we-Asia-Pacific, iipakethi zithunyelwa nge-IPv4 ngokukhawuleza kune-IPv6.). E-Afrika okanye eLatin America akukho mahluko konke konke kwizantya zokudlulisa idatha.
Ngawaphi amathemba
Ngaphandle kwabo bonke ubunzima, ezinye iingcali ziqinisekile ukuba i-IPv6 “inekamva eliqaqambileyo.” Ngokomnye wabaphuhlisi beprotocol ye-TCP/IP, iVinton Cerf, ukuthandwa kwe-IPv6 ngenene kukhula ngokucothayo, kodwa yonke into ayilahlekanga kwiprothokholi.
UJohn Curran, umongameli we-American Internet registrar ARIN, uyavumelana nale mbono. Yena , ukuba kuphela ababoneleli be-Intanethi abakhulu abava ukunqongophala kwe-IPv4. Iinkampani ezincinci kunye nabasebenzisi abaqhelekileyo abaqapheli naziphi na iingxaki. Ke ngoko, imbono ephosakeleyo inokudalwa ukuba inguqulelo yesithandathu yeprotocol "ifile." Kwaye kwikamva elingekude (ukuba uyakholelwa kwingqikelelo yeCisco), IPv6 kufuneka ikhawulezise ukusasazeka kwayo kwiplanethi yonke.
Yintoni esibhala ngayo kwi-VAS Iingcali zeblogi yenkampani:
umthombo: www.habr.com