Njengomntwana, mhlawumbi ndandingumntu ochasene namaSemite. Kwaye konke ngenxa yakhe. Nanku elapha.
Wayesoloko endicaphukisa. Ndandithanda nje uchungechunge olumangalisayo lukaPaustovsky lwamabali malunga nekati yesela, isikebhe serabha, njl. Kwaye kuphela wachitha yonke into.
Kwangexesha elide andizange ndiqonde ukuba kutheni u-Paustovsky ehleli kunye nalo Fraerman? Uhlobo oluthile lwe-caricature yamaYuda, kwaye igama lakhe usisidenge - uRubhen. Hayi, ewe, bendisazi ukuba wayengumbhali wencwadi ethi "Inja yasendle iDingo, okanye iTale of First Love," kodwa oku kwayenza mandundu imeko. Hayi, andizange ndiyifunde incwadi, kwaye andizange ndicwangcise. Yeyiphi inkwenkwe ezihloniphayo enokufunda incwadi enesihloko esinoncuthu olunje ukuba “iKapteni Blood’s Odyssey” ayifundwanga okwesihlanu?
Kwaye uPaustovsky ... uPaustovsky wayepholile. Umbhali opholileyo ngokwenene, ngenxa yesizathu esithile ndayiqonda le nto ndisengumntwana.
Kwaye xa ndakhula ndaza ndafunda malunga nokutyunjwa kweNobel Prize, udumo lwamazwe ngamazwe, kunye noMarlene Dietrich eguqa esidlangalaleni phambi kombhali wakhe amthandayo, ndamhlonela ngakumbi.
Kwaye ndandimhlonela kangakanani xa, ndikhulile ngobulumko, ndaphinda ndafunda iincwadi zakhe ... U-Paustovsky akazange abone kuphela kwaye aqonde kakhulu kweli hlabathi - wayesisilumko. Kwaye lo ngumgangatho onqabileyo kakhulu. Naphakathi kwababhali.
Ingakumbi phakathi kwababhali.
Kwangelo xesha linye, ndaqonda ukuba kutheni ehleli noFraerman.
Kwaye emva kwebali lakutshanje malunga needemon zeMfazwe yombango, ndagqiba ekubeni ndikuxelele nawe.
***
Ndihlala ndizibuza ukuba kutheni iifilimu ezibuhlungu zenziwe malunga neMfazwe Enkulu yePatriotic, apho abantu bakhala khona, ngelixa iMfazwe Yombango yayiluhlobo oluthile lokuzonwabisa. Ubukhulu becala zonke iintlobo zokonwabisa kancinci "zasempuma" ezinje nge "White Sun yasentlango" okanye "Abaphindezeli Abalingeneyo" bafotwa ngaye.
Kwaye emva kwexesha elide ndaqonda ukuba yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi "substitution" kwi-psychology. Emva kolu lonwabo basifihla kwinyani malunga nokuba yintoni na iMfazwe yoLuntu.
Ndikholelwe, kukho iimeko xa inyani ingeyonyani ekufuneka uyazi.
Kwimbali, njengakwimathematika, kukho ii-axioms. Omnye wabo uthi: eRashiya akukho nto imbi ngaphezu kweXesha leNgxaki.
Kwakungekho mfazwe, kungekho bhubhani usondele. Nawuphi na umntu ontywiliselwe kumaxwebhu uya kuphinda arhoxe othukile kwaye aphinde emva komfundi owothukileyo ogqibe kwelokuba afunde ngesiphithiphithi sasePugach: "UThixo makangavumi ukuba sibone imvukelo yaseRashiya ...".
Imfazwe yamakhaya yayingeyonto imbi nje – yayiyinto engaphaya kwengqondo.
Andizange ndidinwe ukuphinda-yayisihogo esahlasela umhlaba, ukuphumelela kwe-Inferno, uhlaselo lweedemon ezithimbe imizimba kunye nemiphefumlo yabemi abasandul' uxolo.
Uninzi lwazo zonke, kwakubonakala ngathi ngubhubhani wengqondo- ilizwe laphambana kwaye langena kwisiphithiphithi. Kangangeminyaka embalwa kwakungekho mandla kwaphela; ilizwe lalilawulwa ngamaqela amancinci namakhulu abantu abaxhobileyo abaphambanayo ababaleka bengananjongo, beqwenga omnye nomnye kwaye bekhukulisa umhlaba ngegazi.
Iidemon azizange zisindise nabani na, zosulela zombini iiReds kunye nabaMhlophe, amahlwempu kunye nezityebi, izaphuli-mthetho, abemi, amaRussia kunye nabasemzini. Nkqu namaCzechs, aphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo ziindawo zokuzonwabisa zoxolo. Babesele begoduswa ngoololiwe, kodwa nabo basulelwa zizifo, yaye igazi laliphuma ePenza lisiya eOmsk.
Ndiza kukuxelela kuphela ngesiqendu esinye saloo mfazwe, eyathi kamva yabizwa ngoonozakuzaku ngokuthi "Isiganeko saseNikolaev." Andiyi kuphinda ndiyichaze ngokweenkcukacha, ndiya kunika kuphela ulwandlalo oluphambili lweziganeko.
Kwakukho, njengoko bebeya kuthi namhlanje, umlawuli wentsimi "obomvu" ogama linguYakov Tryapitsyn. Kumele kuthiwe wayeyindoda engaqhelekanga. Owayesakuba ligosa lewarrant owaba ligosa elivela kwinqanaba kunye nefayile kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala, kwaye ngelixa ijoni lafumana ezimbini zeSt. I-anarchist, ngexesha leMfazwe yombango walwa nabo baseCzech abaMhlophe eSamara, emva koko waya eSiberia waza wafika kwiMpuma Ekude.
Ngenye imini walwa nomyalelo, yaye, enganelisekanga sisigqibo sokumisa ubutshaba de kwafika iinxalenye zoMkhosi oBomvu, wemka nabantu abanyanisekileyo kuye, ababengama-19 kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, wabhengeza ukuba wayeza kubuyisela amandla eSoviet kwi-Amur waza waya kwiphulo - sele enabantu abangama-35.
Njengoko uhlaselo lwaluqhubela phambili, ibutho lakhula kwaye baqala ukuhlala ezilalini. Emva koko intloko yenkampu yaseNikolaevsk-on-Amur, eyona nkunzi yezo ndawo, uColonel Medvedev omhlophe wathumela ibutho elikhokelwa nguColonel Vits ukuhlangabezana noTryapitsyn. AbaMhlophe bagqibe ekubeni baziphelise iiReds phambi kokuba bafumane amandla.
Emva kokudibana nemikhosi eyohlwayo, uTryaptsyn, echaza ukuba ufuna ukuphepha ukuphalazwa kwegazi, waya ngasese kwi-Whites kwiingxoxo. Amandla e-charisma yale ndoda yayinkulu kangangokuba kungekudala emva koko, kwavela uqhushululu kwibutho laseVitz, i-colonel kunye nabambalwa abathembekileyo abaseleyo baya e-De-Kastri Bay, kwaye ininzi yamajoni amhlophe asandul 'ukujoyina i-Tryapitsyn.
Ekubeni kwakukho phantse akukho mkhosi oxhobileyo osele e-Nikolaevsk - kuphela malunga nama-300 amajoni, ama-Whites e-Nikolaevsk amema amaJapan ukuba akhusele isixeko. Abo, ewe, babethanda kuphela, kwaye kungekudala inkampu yaseJapan yamiswa esixekweni - abantu abangama-350 phantsi komyalelo kaMajor Ishikawa. Ukongeza, malunga nama-450 abemi baseJapan babehlala esixekweni. Njengakuzo zonke izixeko ezikude zaseMpuma, bekukho uninzi lwamaTshayina kunye namaKorea, ukongeza, ibutho lezikhephe zemipu yaseTshayina, ekhokelwa nguCommodore Chen Shin, owayengenaxesha lokuya kwibhanki yaseTshayina yase-Amur ngaphambi komkhenkce, wachitha. ebusika e Nikolaevsk.
Kwade kwagqabhuka intwasahlobo nomkhenkce, bonke babevaleleke esixekweni, kungekho nendawo yokuphuma.
Ukungena kwemikhosi yaseJapan eNikolaevsk-on-Amur ngo-1918. I-Major Ishikawa yaqhutywa ngokwahlukeneyo kwinqwelo yamahashe.
Nangona kunjalo, kungekudala, emva kohambo lwasebusika olungazange lubonwe ngaphambili, "umkhosi wamajoni" kaTryapitsyn wama-2 XNUMX usondela esixekweni, kwikholamu apho yayinguReuben Fraerman, igeek eyosulelekileyo, umfundi wakutsha nje kwiZiko leTekhnoloji laseKharkov, owathi, emva kokuzalwa kwakhe. kunyaka wesithathu, yathunyelwa kwimizi-mveliso kaloliwe eMpuma Ekude. Apha wabanjwa yiMfazwe Yombango, apho wathatha icala le-Reds kwaye ngoku wayengomnye wabaphembeleli be-Tryaptsyn.
Isixeko sasingqingiweyo.
Kwaye umdaniso omde kunye nokhohlakeleyo wegazi weedemon zeMfazwe yamakhaya waqala.
Yonke yaqala encinci - kunye nabantu ababini, abathunywa ababomvu u-Orlov-Ovcharenko kunye noShchetnikov, ababulawa ngabamhlophe.
Emva koko i-Reds yasasaza inkampu yenqaba yaseChnyrrakh, elawula iindlela ze-Nikolaevsk-on-Amur, kwaye yahlala kwinqaba, ifumana i-artillery.
Ephantsi kwesoyikiso sokudubula kwesi sixeko, amaJapan avakalisa ukungathabathi cala kwawo.
I-Reds ingena esixekweni kwaye ihlala kuso ngaphandle kokuchasana, ibamba, phakathi kwezinye izinto, yonke i-white counterintelligence archive.
Izidumbu ze-Ovcharenko kunye ne-Shchetnikov zibonakaliswe kwiibhokisi kwisakhiwo sentlanganiso yenkampu yenqaba yaseChnyrrakh. Abavukeli bafuna impindezelo, kwaye ngokoluhlu lwe-counterintelligence, ukubanjwa kunye nokubulawa kwabamhlophe kuyaqala.
AmaJapan ahlala engathathi hlangothi kwaye anxibelelana ngokukhutheleyo nabanini abatsha besixeko. Kungekudala imeko yobukho babo kwikota yabo iyalityalwa, umanyano luqala, kwaye amajoni aseJapan axhobileyo, anxibe izaphetha ezibomvu nezimnyama (anarchist), azulazula esixekweni, kwaye umphathi wabo uvunyelwe ukuba anxibelelane nonomathotholo kunye nekomkhulu laseJapan eKhabarovsk. .
Kodwa i-idyll ye-fraternization yaphela ngokukhawuleza. Ngobusuku bomhla we-11 kuMatshi ukuya kwi-12 kaMatshi, amaJapan adubula kwikomkhulu likaTryapitsin kwisakhiwo esinemipu kunye neerokethi ezitshisayo, ngethemba lokunqumla ngokukhawuleza imikhosi ebomvu. Eso sakhiwo sayenziwe ngamaplanga, yaye kuqhambuka umlilo kuso. Umphathi wabasebenzi u-TI Naumov-Medved wasweleka, unobhala wabasebenzi uPokrovsky-Chernykh, enqunyulwe ekuphumeni ngamadangatye, wazidubula, u-Tryaptsyn ngokwakhe, edutyulwe imilenze yakhe, waqhutywa kwiphepha elinegazi kwaye, phantsi kweJapan. umlilo, watshintshelwa kwisakhiwo samatye esikufuphi, apho balungiselela ukukhusela.
Ukudubula kunye nemililo kwenzeka kwisixeko sonke, njengoko kwacaca ngokukhawuleza ukuba amajoni aseJapan athatha inxaxheba kwimvukelo exhobileyo, kodwa nawo onke amadoda aseJapan akwazi ukuphatha izixhobo.
Amadabi aphumela ekufeni, kwaye omabini amabanjwa agqityiwe.
Umlindi wobuqu kaTryapitsyn, owayesakuba libanjwa laseSakhalin ogama linguLapta, kunye neqela lamajoni wenza indlela yakhe yokuya entolongweni aze abulale onke amabanjwa.
Ukuze ungatsali ingqalelo yamaJapan ngokudubula, wonke umntu "ugqityiwe" ngentsimbi ebandayo. Ekubeni igazi linxilisayo njengevodka, abantu abaphazamisekileyo babulala kungekhona nje abamhlophe ababanjiweyo, kodwa kunye namaqela abo ahlala kwindlu yokulinda.
Umlo esixekweni uthatha iintsuku ezininzi, umphumo wedabi ugqitywe ngumlawuli weqela labasebenzi basezimayini ezibomvu, uBudrin, owafika kunye neqela lakhe ukusuka kwindawo ekufutshane yokuhlala - idolophana yaseKirbi, eyi-300 km. kude. ukusuka eNikolaevsk.
Ekugqibeleni, amaJapan abulawa ngokupheleleyo, kuquka i-consul, umfazi wakhe nentombi yakhe, kunye ne-geisha evela kwizindlu zoonongogo. Bali-12 kuphela abafazi baseJapan ababetshate namaTshayina abasindayo - bona, kunye nesixeko samaTshayina, babalekela kumaphenyane anemipu.
Inkosikazi kaTryapitsyn, uNina Lebedeva, iSocialist-Revolutionary maximalist eyagxothelwa eMpuma Ekude njengomfundi wesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo eneminyaka eyi-15 ngenxa yokuthatha inxaxheba kumzamo wokubulala irhuluneli yasePenza, wonyulwa njengentloko entsha yabasebenzi beyunithi yeqela.
Wonzakele uYa. Tryapitsyn kunye nomfazi wakhe oqhelekileyo uN. Lebedeva.
Emva kokutshatyalaliswa kwamaJapan, i-Commune yaseNikolaev ibhengezwa kwisixeko, imali iyapheliswa kwaye ukuzingela kwangempela kwi-bourgeoisie kuqala.
Nje ukuba iqalisiwe, le nqwelo-moya iphantse ingenzeki ukuba ime.
Ndiya kusindisa iinkcukacha zegazi lezinto ezenzeka eNikolaevsk ngakumbi, ndiya kuthetha nje ukuba ngenxa yento ebizwa. "Isiganeko sikaNikolaev" saphumela ekufeni kwamawaka amaninzi abantu.
Konke oku kudibene, kwahlukileyo: iiReds, abaMhlophe, amaRussia, amaJapan, iinkcubabuchopho, i-hunghuz, ii-telegraph operators, amabanjwa kunye namanye amawaka abantu.
Kwaye ukutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo kweso sixeko - emva kokufuduka kwabemi kunye nokuhamba kwebutho lika-Tryapitsyn, kwakungekho nto iseleyo ye-Nikolaevsk endala.
Akukho nto.
Njengoko kwabalwa kamva, kwizakhiwo zokuhlala ze-1165 zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo, izakhiwo ze-21 (amatye kunye ne-semi-stone) zaqhunyiswa, i-1109 yemithi yatshiswa, ngoko ke izakhiwo zokuhlala ze-1130 zatshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo, oku phantse i-97% Isitokhwe sezindlu esipheleleyo saseNikolaevsk.
Ngaphambi kokuba ahambe, u-Tryapitsyn, ephazamisekile ligazi, wathumela i-radiogram:
Mawethu! Sigqibela ngoku ukuthetha nawe. Sishiya isixeko kunye nenqaba, siqhume isikhululo sikanomathotholo kwaye singene kwi-taiga. Bonke abemi besixeko nommandla bafuduswa. Iidolophana ezikunxweme lonke lolwandle kunye nakwiindawo ezisezantsi ze-Amur zatshiswa. Isixeko kunye nenqaba zatshatyalaliswa phantsi, izakhiwo ezikhulu zaqhuma. Yonke into eyayingenakufuduswa neyayinokusetyenziswa ngamaJapan yatshatyalaliswa yatshiswa sithi. Kwindawo yesixeko kunye nenqaba, kwakusele kuphela amanxuwa okutshaya, kwaye utshaba lwethu, oluza apha, luya kufumana kuphela imfumba yothuthu. Siyahamba...
Unokubuza - kuthekani ngoFraerman? Akukho bungqina bokuthatha inxaxheba kwakhe kwizenzo zenkohlakalo, kunoko ngokuchaseneyo.
Umdlali weqonga ophambeneyo ogama linguBomi wagqiba ekubeni kwakulo mzuzu ukuba uthando lokuqala lwenzeke kumfundi wangaphambili waseKharkov. Ewe, engonwabanga.
Yiloo nto uSergei Ptitsyn wabhala ngayo kwiinkumbulo zakhe zamaqela:
"Amahemuhemu malunga nesityholo sobugrogrisi angena phakathi kwabemi, kwaye abantu abangazange bafumane iipasi (ukukhutshwa - i-VN) batyhutyha isixeko besoyika, bekhangela zonke iindlela kunye namathuba okuphuma esixekweni. Amanye amabhinqa aselula, amahle asuka koohlohlesakhe nabahlolokazi baBalindi abaMhlophe ababuleweyo bazinikela njengabafazi kwabo bavukeli ukuze babancede baphume esixekweni, bangena kubudlelwane nabasebenzi abanembopheleleko engakumbi okanye engaphantsi ukuze babasebenzisele usindiso lwabo. , baziphosa ezingalweni zamagosa aseTshayina awayephuma kumaphenyane anemipu, ukuze asindiswe ngoncedo lwawo.
UFraerman, ebeka ubomi bakhe esichengeni, wasindisa intombi yomfundisi uZinaida Chernykh, wamnceda wazifihla njengomfazi wakhe, yaye kamva, ebonakala kuye ekwimeko eyahlukileyo, akazange agqalwe njengomyeni wakhe.”
Abukho ubungqina bokuthatha inxaxheba kwakhe kwizenzo zenkohlakalo.
Kodwa wayekhona kwaye wayibona yonke loo nto. Ukususela ekuqaleni ukuya phantse ekupheleni.
***
UTryaptsyn, uLebedev, uLapta kunye nabanye abantu abangamashumi amabini abazahlula ngexesha lokutshatyalaliswa kweNikolaevsk "bagqitywa" ngamaqela abo, kude nedolophana yaseKirby, ngoku ebizwa ngokuba nguPolina Osipenko.
Iyelenqe eliphumeleleyo lalikhokelwa ngulowo wayesakuba ngu-lieutenant, kwaye ngoku ulilungu lekomiti yesigqeba kunye nomphathi wamapolisa ommandla, u-Andreev.
Badutyulwa sisigwebo senkundla ekhawulezayo ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba bafumane nayiphi na imiyalelo evela eKhabarovsk, ngakumbi eMoscow.
Kungenxa yokuba emva kokuwela umgca othile, abantu kufuneka babulawe - mhlawumbi ngokwemithetho yabantu okanye yobuthixo, ubuncinane ngenxa yokuzimela.
Nantsi ke, ubunkokeli obuphumeziweyo bombutho waseNikolaev:
UFraerman akazange athathe inxaxheba kwimpindezelo eyayichasene nomphathi wangaphambili - kungekudala ngaphambi kokufuduka, waqeshwa ukuba abe yi-commissar ye-partisan detachment eyakhiwe ukuseka amandla eSoviet phakathi kweTungus.
"Ngalo mbutho wamaqela, - Umbhali ngokwakhe ukhumbula kwiinkumbulo zakhe, "Ndihambe amawaka eekhilomitha kwi-taiga engenakungeneka kwi-reindeer...". Eli phulo lathatha iinyanga ezine kwaye laphela eYakutsk, apho ibutho lachithwa, kwaye owayengumkomishinala waqala ukusebenzela iphephandaba leLensky Communar.
***
Bahlala kunye emahlathini aseMeshchera - yena noPaustovsky.
Kwakhona wabona izinto ezininzi kwiMfazwe Yombango - zombini kwi-Kyiv ehlala kuyo, kunye nomkhosi ozimeleyo we-Hetman Skoropadsky, kunye ne-regiment ebomvu, eqeshwe kwi-Makhnovists yangaphambili.
Ngokuchanekileyo, bobathathu, kuba umhlobo osondeleyo, u-Arkady Gaidar, wayesoloko esiza kubona. Bade bathetha ngale nto kwiifilim zaseSoviet.
UGaidar ofanayo owake wabhala kwidayari yakhe: “Ndiphuphe ngabantu endababulala ndisengumntwana”.
Apho, emahlathini angangcoliswanga kunye namachibi aseMeshchera, azicoca.
Banyibilikisa amandla eedemon ezimnyama kwimigca eleqwayo yobunyulu obunqabileyo kunye nokuthantamisa.
UGaidar wabhala "iNdebe yeBlue" apho, owona msebenzi ucacileyo we-crystal weencwadi zabantwana baseSoviet.
UFraerman wayethule ixesha elide, kodwa emva koko waqhawuka, kwaye kwiveki wabhala "Inja yasendle iDingo, okanye iTale of First Love."
Ibali lenzeka ngamaxesha aseSoviet, kodwa isixeko esise-Amur, esichazwe ngokucacileyo kwincwadi, siyabonakala kakhulu.
Oku kufana ne-pre-revolutionary, i-Nikolaevsk-on-Amur ehlala ixesha elide.
Isixeko basitshabalalisa.
Emva koko uPaustovsky wabhala oku: "Ibinzana elithi "italente elungileyo" linempembelelo ngqo kuFraerman. Le yitalente enobubele necocekileyo. Ngoko ke, uFraerman wakwazi ukuchukumisa iinkalo zobomi njengothando lwakhe lokuqala lobutsha ngononophelo olukhethekileyo. Incwadi kaFraerman ethi "The Wild Dog Dingo, okanye iTale of First Love" igcwele ukukhanya, imbongo ecacileyo malunga nothando phakathi kwentombazana kunye nenkwenkwe..
Ngokuqhelekileyo babehlala kakuhle apho. Into elungileyo, enobubele kwaye eyonwabisayo:
UGaidar wayesoloko esiza nemibongo emitsha ehlekisayo. Wakha wabhala umbongo omde ngabo bonke ababhali nabahleli bolutsha kwi-Children's Publishing House. Lo mbongo ulahlekile kwaye ulityalwe, kodwa ndikhumbula imigca echwayitileyo enikezelwe kuFraerman:
Esibhakabhakeni ngaphezu kwendalo iphela
Singcungcuthekiswa yinceba engunaphakade,
Ubonakala engachetywanga, ephefumlelwe,
URuben oxolela ngokupheleleyo...
Bazivumela ukuba bazikhulule iidemon zabo kube kanye kuphela.
Ngowe-1941.
Mhlawumbi uyazi malunga noGaidar; U-Paustovsky wabhalela uFraerman ngaphambili: "Ndachitha inyanga enesiqingatha kwi-Southern Front, phantse lonke ixesha, singabali iintsuku ezine, kumgca womlilo ...".
Paustovsky ngasezantsi Front.
Kwaye uFraerman ... uFraerman, owayesele eneminyaka engama-41 ubudala, wajoyina umkhosi waseMoscow njengejoni eliqhelekileyo ehlobo lika-1942. Akazange azifihle kumgca ongaphambili, yiyo loo nto wonzakala kakhulu ngo-XNUMX, emva koko wakhululwa.
Owayesakuba ngumfundi waseKharkov kunye ne-partisan agitator wayemiselwe ukuba abe nobomi obude - waphila iminyaka engama-80 ubudala.
Kwaye yonke imihla, njengoChekhov ikhoboka, wakhupha kuye le demon emnyama yeMfazwe yombango.
Ngokungafaniyo nabahlobo bakhe uPaustovsky noGaidar, wayengeyena umbhali omkhulu. Kodwa, ngokweenkumbulo zabaninzi, uRuben Fraerman wayengomnye wabantu abaqaqambileyo nabanobubele abadibana nabo ebomini.
Kwaye emva koko, imigca Ruvim Isaevich isandi ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo:
"Ukuphila ubomi bakho ngesidima emhlabeni bubugcisa obukhulu, mhlawumbi buntsonkothe ngakumbi kunabo nabuphi na obunye ubuchule...".
PS Kwaye kufuneka uqhubeke ufunda "Ikati yesela", ukuba awukayifundi.
umthombo: www.habr.com