Mva.
Ndingathanda ukwabelana ngamava am okusebenza njengomfundi we-PhD eJamani, kwaye ndithethe nangeyona ndlela iphambili efunekayo kwi-CV ukuze ndiphumelele udliwano-ndlebe nonjingalwazi. Ukongeza, ndiza kukuxelela ngomvuzo wam kwaye yintoni esona sizathu siphambili sokuhamba kwam.
Amava omsebenzi afunyenwe eRashiya
Okokuqala, ndiza kukuxelela ukuba luhlobo luni lwamava omsebenzi endinawo ngaphambi kokuba ndifuduke, ukuze umfundi aqonde ngokucacileyo ukuba yintoni "umthwalo" wolwazi kunye nobuchule obunokwenzeka ukuba ufuduke. Wagqiba i-bachelor kunye ne-master degrees kwiYunivesithi ye-ITMO (eSt. Uqale ukusebenza kweli sebe kunyaka wakhe wokugqibela kwizifundo zesidanga sokuqala. Bahlawula ngokwahlukileyo, kuxhomekeke ekufumanekeni kwezibonelelo kunye nomoya wentloko yesebe, oko kukuthi: isiqingatha somvuzo omncinci xa kungekho mali kwisebe, kwaye xa kukho imali - ii-ruble ezili-17 lamawaka.
Ndadibanisa ukufunda nomsebenzi, yaye ekubeni ndandisebenza kwindawo endandifunda kuyo, akuzange kube nangxaki ekufumaneni idiploma yam. Ufunde kancinci malunga nokusebenza nge-optics, ukwenza izinto ezilula njengokunqunqa ifayibha, ukuwelda iziqwenga ezibini zefiber, ukupholisha iziphelo zefiber, ukubala umngxuma wamanani usebenzisa i-goniometer, njl. Kwakunomdla, kodwa ngokubanzi andizange ndinikwe nayiphi na imisebenzi enzima ngenxa yokuba "umqolo" wabantu ababethenjelwe ngakumbi wawusele usungulwe phambi kwam. Emva kokuphumelela kwisidanga se-bachelor's degree, ndangena kwiprogram ye-master's kwisebe elifanayo, ndiqhubeka ndisebenza kwi-laboratory efanayo, kwaye kwi-semester yesibini ye-master degree ndaphumelela ukhuphiswano lokufunda ngaphandle (eFransi, eParis). Xa abantu endisebenza nabo bakufumanisayo oku, bandithi krwaqu nomona. Emva kweenyanga ezi-6 ndifunda eFransi, ndabuyela kwisebe ndaxelelwa ukuba andisakwazi ukusebenza apha, ekubeni kukho umntu othathe indawo yakho. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba kukho iprojekthi kweli sebe ekungekho mntu uza kusebenza kuyo, intloko yesebe yandibiza yaza yathembisa ngokuqhuba le projekthi phantsi kweliso lomnye umphathi. Le yindlela endaqala ngayo ukuqhelana ne-spectroscopy. Ndisebenze kule projekthi unyaka onesiqingatha kwaye ndakhusela ithisisi yenkosi yam kuyo. Ngenxa yoko, ndafunda ukusebenzisana ne-spectrometers kwiindawo ezibonakalayo kunye ne-IR, ndangena ngakumbi kubunjineli, kwaye ndafunda indlela encinci yokusebenza kwi-MATLAB (i-graphing, i-data processing, imathematika encinane). Ndafunda amanqaku amaninzi, kwaye ekugqibeleni ndabhala inqaku elihle kwiphephancwadi eline-SJR elungileyo. Ukongeza, bekukho iinkomfa ezimbalwa zamazwe ngamazwe, eziye zandisa amava okuthetha, kwaye zongeze ireyithingi kwi-Scopus.
Emva kokugqiba isidanga sam senkosi, ndaqhubeka ndisebenza kwisebe njengononjineli ndaza ndangena kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Bahlawula kancinci kakhulu. Umvuzo usuka kwi-10 lamawaka eeruble ngenyanga ukuya kuma-ruble ayi-70 lamawaka ngenyanga. Ngokomyinge - 37 amawaka eeruble ngenyanga. Ubudlelwane kunye nomphathi baqala ukuwohloka ngenxa yokungakwazi kwakhe ukuseta imisebenzi efanelekileyo. Ngaphandle koku, kukho iimpazamo kum, endingayi kuziphika. Ezi nkalo zichazwe ngasentla zandinyanzela ukuba ndirhoxe. Kwiiveki ezimbini kamva, ndaba nodliwano-ndlebe oluninzi kunye neenkampani ezithengisa izixhobo zamehlo kunye nokunye, kwaye ekugqibeleni ndafumana umsebenzi njengengcali yokuthengisa kunye nomvuzo olungileyo kunye nozinzile we-70 lamawaka eeruble ngexesha lelingo, elithe, ngendlela, yahlawulwa. ngesantya esithe tyaba.
Kodwa umnqweno wokuhlala eYurophu kwaye ufumane i-PhD emva kokufunda eFransi usahleli. Ukhangelo lwesikhundla somfundi wePhD luqalile.
Khangela indawo yomfundi wePhD eYurophu
Ukukhangela kwaqala, ngokwemvelo, kwi-Intanethi. Ndalungisa iCV yam ngocoselelo ndayithumela koo professor abaphuma kwidyunivesithi ezohlukeneyo. Ndifumene izikhundla ezibini kwi-optics yeprofayile yam eJamani, enye eFransi. Ndidibene ne-70% yeemfuno. Ngokusisiseko, ulwazi olusisiseko lwe-optics kunye ne-MATLAB lwalufuneka. Ndasilela ngokupheleleyo udliwano-ndlebe lokuqala. Ukuthathela ingqalelo iimpazamo, udliwano-ndlebe olwesibini oluseleyo lwahamba njengewotshi ndaza ndanikwa imisebenzi emibini. EFransi bacela ukusebenzela 1700 Euro, eJamani - 1200 Euro kunye ne-inshurensi ehlawulwayo. Ndakhetha iJamani kuba unjingalwazi wayenobubele ngakumbi kwaye umsebenzi wawubandakanya ulingo oluninzi, ngelixa eFrance kwakuyimfuneko kuphela ukwenza imodeli eComsol. Bobabini oonjingalwazi baqonda ukuba kuya kufuneka ndifundiswe kwasekuqaleni, ngoko bandibuza kuphela malunga neziseko ze-optics ngaphandle kokungena nzulu.
Umvuzo, iirhafu, iindleko eJamani
Ngokukhawuleza nje ukufika kwam eyunivesithi ndaza ndadibana nomphathi wam okwesihlandlo sokuqala, ngoko nangoko wandithembisa ukuba mandityobele isivumelwano ndize ndihlawule imalana encinane ukuze ndizive ndikhululekile. Ekubeni imali iyonke yaba 1200 euro + 300 euro = 1500 euro, ke le mali ayikho phantsi kweerhafu ngokomthetho waseJamani, kuba ndingumfundi. Imali incinci ngokwemigangatho yaseJamani. Izindlu zixabisa i-euro ezingama-300 (i-studio encinci ngaphandle kwesixeko, kodwa unokuhamba uye eyunivesithi ngemizuzu eyi-15), kubandakanya umbane kunye namanzi. Ukutya kunye nezinye iindleko - i-euro ye-500. Kunzima ukupheka ekhaya. Imali yasimahla ngenyanga endiyigcinela iimfuno zam (umzekelo, ukuhamba): i-euro eyi-1500 thabatha i-800 ye-euro = 700 ye-euro. Siguqulela kwii-ruble kwaye sifumane i-ruble ye-49 (kwizinga lokutshintshiselwa kwe-euro i-ruble ye-000 ye-euro eyi-70). Kukho nemali eninzi eseleyo.
Ndiza kunika umzekelo womhlobo wam onobalo lwerhafu olwahlukileyo. Umvuzo wakhe ngama-euro angama-3900. Uthabatha irhafu kunye ne-inshurensi ijika ibe yi-euro eyi-1900. Imali nayo ilungile. Umahluko kuphela kukuba andiyihlawuli irhafu, kodwa uyayenza.
Izibonelelo ezisisiseko zokufumana isikhundla somfundi we-PhD, kunye noko kufunekayo ukuze wamkelwe ngempumelelo kwesi sikhundla.
Owona mthombo uphambili yiwebhusayithi Ukuqunjelwa. Yonke into ikhona. Ingcebiso yam kwabo bafuna isikhundla akukusukela imali, khangela unjingalwazi onobuchule kunye neprojekthi oya kukhululeka ukusebenza kuyo.
Iikhrayitheriya ezisisiseko. Amanqaku afakwe kwi-Scopus ayafuneka. Ungabhala ngokulula ubuncinci inqaku elinye ngexesha lesidanga senkosi yakho. Nokuba linqaku lokuphonononga hayi iphepha loPhando. Sekunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu oneelebhu ezinezixhobo ezifanelekileyo, njengoko kwakunjalo kwimeko yam. Unokwenza iphepha leNkomfa, oku kukwayinto enkulu.
Isiqinisekiso se-IELTS sesiNgesi. Kodwa unokwenza ngaphandle kwayo ukuba ucacisa ngokuzolileyo amagama enzululwazi kunjingalwazi ngexesha lodliwano-ndlebe. Kodwa esi satifikethi sifuneka ngakumbi kumzi wozakuzo waseJamani. Ngendlela, andizange ndihlawule i-visa, kuba abasebenzi abaqeqeshwe kakhulu abahlawuli irhafu yokubhalisa. Ukugcina - i-ruble eyi-5 lamawaka.
Amava omsebenzi eJamani
Emva kokutyelela ilabhoratri yeyunivesithi okokuqala, kuye kwacaca ukuba yimalini etyalwe kwisayensi eJamani. Izixhobo zamva nje ngobungakanani obukhulu, ukufikelela simahla, akukho migca. Ukuba kukho into elahlekileyo, ungayiyalela kwaye ngeentsuku ezintathu umyalelo uya kuba phezu kwetafile. Umoya unobubele, wonke umntu usebenza njengeqela.
isiphelo
Ukuba awukwazi ukufumana umsebenzi oqhelekileyo eRussia, ufuna ukuba yiPhD kwaye usebenze ngokukhululeka, ke ndincoma kakhulu ukuba uye eJamani.
umthombo: www.habr.com