Ngoko, malunga nonyaka (ngoMeyi 2017 - ngoFebruwari 2018), mna, umdwelisi weC ++, ekugqibeleni ndifumene umsebenzi eYurophu. Ndifake izicelo zemisebenzi izihlandlo ezininzi eNgilani, eIreland, eSweden, eNetherlands nasePortugal. Ndithethe izihlandlo ezingamashumi amabini ngefowuni, iSkype kunye nezinye iinkqubo zonxibelelwano ngevidiyo nabaqeshwa, kwaye kancinci ngeengcali zobugcisa. Ndaya e-Oslo, e-Eindhoven naseLondon izihlandlo ezithathu kudliwano-ndlebe lokugqibela. Konke oku kuchazwe ngokweenkcukacha . Ekugqibeleni, ndafumana isipho esinye ndaza ndasamkela.
Esi sibonelelo sasivela eNetherlands. Kulula kubaqeshi kweli lizwe ukumema umsebenzi ovela phesheya (kungekhona kwi-EU), ngoko ke akukho tape ebomvu ye-bureaucratic, kwaye inkqubo yokubhalisa ngokwayo ithatha iinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela.
Kodwa ungasoloko uzenzela ubunzima. Ndiye ndayenza lonto ndaqinisa eyam
ukuhamba enye inyanga. Ukuba unomdla wokufunda malunga nengxaki (hayi, ayimnandi kakhulu) ehambelana nokuhambisa intsapho ye-IT kwiNtshona Yurophu, wamkelekile kwikati.
Unikezelo
Andazi ukuba umgangatho wonikezelo endiwufumeneyo eYurophu unjani, kodwa awona manqaku aphambili kuwo ami ngolu hlobo lulandelayo (ngaphandle komvuzo, kunjalo):
- ikhontrakthi evulekileyo
- ixesha lovavanyo iinyanga ezi-2
- Iiyure zokusebenza ezingama-40 ngeveki
- Iintsuku ezingama-25 zokusebenza zeholide ngonyaka
- 30% ukuqengqeleka (jonga ngezantsi)
- intlawulo yawo onke amaxwebhu (ii-visa, iimvume zokuhlala) kuyo yonke intsapho
- intlawulo yamatikiti endlela enye yosapho lonke
- intlawulo yokuthuthwa kwezinto kunye nefenitshala
- intlawulo yezindlu zethutyana kwinyanga yokuqala
- uncedo ekufumaneni izindlu ezisisigxina
- uncedo ekuvuleni iakhawunti kwibhanki yaseDatshi
- uncedo ekufakeni imbuyekezo yakho yokuqala yerhafu
- ukuba ndiyagxothwa kunyaka wokuqala, ndiza kuphinda ndibuyiselwe eRussia simahla
- ukuba ndigqibe kwelokuba ndiyeke kwiinyanga ezili-18 zokuqala, ndinyanzelekile ukuba ndibuyisele isiqingatha seendleko zephakheji yam yokufuduka ukuba ndiyekile phakathi kweenyanga ezili-18 nezingama-24, emva koko ikota
Njengoko ndafunda kamva kwiingxoxo kunye nabalingane, iphakheji yokufuduka enjalo iqikelelwa kwi-euro eyi-10 lamawaka. Ezo. Kuyabiza ukuyeka kwiminyaka eyi-2 yokuqala, kodwa abanye abantu bayeka (kungoko inani elaziwayo).
I-30% elawulayo yinto yokuzonwabisa kwiingcali zangaphandle eziqeqeshwe kakhulu ezivela kurhulumente waseDatshi. I-30% yengeniso ayihlawulelwa rhafu. Ubungakanani benzuzo buxhomekeke kumvuzo; kumdwelisi oqhelekileyo uya kuba malunga ne-600-800 ye-euro ngenyanga, engeyiyo imbi.
imiqulu
La maxwebhu alandelayo ebefunwa kum:
- Izatifikethi zokuzalwa eziguqulelweyo zaza zaposwa (ezam nezam umfazi)
- isatifikethi somtshato esiguqulelweyo kunye nesipostileyo
- iikopi zeediploma zam
- iipaspoti zethu
Yonke into ilula ngeekopi zeepaspoti zangaphandle - kuphela yinkonzo ye-HR efunekayo. Kuyabonakala ukuba, zincanyathiselwe kwizicelo zee-visa kunye neemvume zokuhlala. Ndenza iscan, ndazithumela nge-imeyile, kwaye azifuneki kwenye indawo.
IiDiploma zeMfundo
Zonke iidiploma zam azifuneki kwi-visa kunye nemvume yokuhlala. Zazifuneka ukuze zihlolwe ngasemva, nto leyo eyayisenziwa yinkampani ethile yaseBritani ngokwesicelo somqeshi wam. Okubangela umdla kukuba, bebengadingi nguqulelo, kuphela iskena soqobo.
Emva kokuba ndithumele oko kwakufuneka, ndagqiba ekubeni ndibhale iidiploma zethu ukuba kunokwenzeka. Kulungile, sele ndifumene umsebenzi, kodwa kwakucingelwa ukuba umfazi wam uya kusebenza apho, kwaye ngubani owaziyo ukuba ngawaphi amaxwebhu ayakudinga.
I-apostille isitampu samazwe ngamazwe kuxwebhu olusebenzayo kumazwe asayine iNgqungquthela yaseHague ye-1961. Ngokungafaniyo namaxwebhu akhutshwe kwi-ofisi yobhaliso, iidiploma zinokuthunyelwa, ukuba akukho nakweyiphi na isebe lezemfundo lengingqi, ngoko ngokuqinisekileyo eMoscow. Kwaye nangona iidiploma ezikhutshwe kwezinye izixeko zithatha ixesha elide ukuqinisekisa (iintsuku zokusebenza ezingama-45), ziseluncedo.
Ekupheleni kukaFebruwari 2018, sahambisa iidiploma ezi-3 ze-apostille, kwaye zabuya nazo ekupheleni kuka-Aprili. Eyona nto inzima kukulinda kwaye unethemba lokuba abayi kuphulukana nediploma zabo.
Iziqinisekiso zokuzalwa nezomtshato
Ewe, amaDatshi adinga izatifikethi zokuzalwa zabantu abadala. Le yinkqubo yabo yokubhalisa. Ngaphezu koko, udinga i-apostille yemvelaphi yazo zonke iziqinisekiso, ukuguqulelwa kwala maxwebhu (kubandakanya i-apostille), kunye ne-apostille yokuguqulela. Kwaye ii-apostille akufuneki zibe mdala kuneenyanga ezi-6 - yile nto ndiyixelelweyo. Ngaphezu koko, sele ndihamba nge-google kwindawo ethile ukuba iNetherlands ayinakwamkela izatifikethi zethu zokuzalwa ze-Soviet-style, kodwa zaseRashiya zanamhlanje - akukho ngxaki.
Ewe, ndifundile , indlela awenza ngayo kuphela i-apostille eRashiya, kwaye inguqulelo yayisele iseNetherlands. Kukho abantu ababizwa ngokuba ngabaguquleli abagunyazisiweyo, abatywina lwabo luthatha indawo ye-apostille. Kodwa, okokuqala, ndandifuna ukuza namaxwebhu alungiselelwe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye okwesibini, ngaphambi kokuguqulelwa, kwakusafuneka ndifumane i-apostille yeyokuqala.
Kwaye oku kuyingxaki. I-apostille kumaxwebhu akhutshwe kwiofisi yobhaliso inokukhutshwa kuphela yi-ofisi yokubhalisa yengingqi yengingqi apho amaxwebhu akhutshwe ngokwenene. Apho ulifumene khona ikhadi, yiya phaya. Mna nomfazi wam sisuka eSaratov nakummandla, nangona wawungekude kangako eMoscow, wawungafuni ukuhambahamba ngenxa yamatywina amathathu. Ngoko ke, ndaqala ndabhenela kwiofisi ethile eyayibonakala ijongene nemibandela enjalo. Kodwa ixesha labo (kwindawo yokuqala) kunye nexabiso (kwindawo yesibini) alizange lindifanele konke konke.
Ngoko ke, isicwangciso saqulunqwa: umfazi wam ukhupha amandla ommeli ukuba ndifake isicelo kwiofisi yokubhalisa, ndithatha iintsuku ezimbalwa kwaye ndiye eSaratov, apho ndifumana khona izatifikethi zokuzalwa ezi-2, ndingenise izatifikethi ezi-3 ze-apostille, linda. , thabatha, ubuye.
Ndabiza zonke iiofisi zobhaliso eziyimfuneko kwangethuba ndaza ndacacisa ucwangciso. Kwakungekho ngxaki ngamanqaku amathathu okuqala (amandla ommeli, iholide, uhambo oluya eSaratov). Xa ndifumana isatifikethi esitsha sokuzalwa kumfazi wam, kwakhona, ndaya kwiofisi yokubhalisa, ndabhala isitatimende malunga nokulahlekelwa (andizange ndize nale nto), ndihlawule umrhumo, kwaye ndafumana entsha. Ukuthathela ingqalelo ikhefu kwiofisi yobhaliso kwisidlo sasemini, kuthathe malunga neeyure ezi-2. Abazange babuze malunga nesatifikethi esidala, okt. Ngoku sinezatifikethi zokuzalwa ezi-2 :)
Ngobungqina bam obutsha, ndaya kwiziko lengingqi apho ndazalelwa khona. Apho, njengokuphela kondwendwe, ndanikwa uxwebhu olutsha kwisithuba esingaphantsi kweyure. Kodwa nantsi ingxaki - ibonisa indawo eyahlukileyo yokuzalwa! Ezo. kwisatifikethi sam esidala kunye nakwiofisi yobhaliso egciniweyo kukho iindawo zokuhlala ezahlukeneyo.
Zombini zihlobene nam: enye yindawo apho isibhedlele sokubeleka sikhona, enye kulapho abazali bam babhaliswa khona ngelo xesha. Ngokomthetho, abazali banelungelo lokubonisa nayiphi na kwezi dilesi kumaxwebhu. Ekuqaleni, abazali bakhetha okanye bashiya i-default - enye. Kwaye emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa (oku kuphuma kumazwi abo) bagqiba ekubeni bayitshintshe baye kwenye. Kwaye umqeshwa weofisi yobhaliso wathatha nje kwaye walungisa idilesi kwisatifikethi esele sikhutshiwe. Kodwa andizange ndenze naluphi na utshintsho kwindawo yogcino okanye khange ndizimisele. Kwavela ukuba ndihlala noxwebhu olungeyonyani iminyaka engama-35, kwaye akukho nto yenzekayo :)
Ngoko, ngoku irekhodi kwi-archive ayikwazi ukulungiswa, kuphela ngesigqibo senkundla. Akunjalo nje akukho xesha, kodwa inkundla ayinakwenzeka ukufumana izizathu zoku. Kuwo onke amaxwebhu am, kubandakanywa nesatifikethi sam somtshato kunye nepasipoti yangaphakathi, indawo efanayo yokuzalwa ibonakaliswe njengesatifikethi sokuzalwa esidala. Ezo. nazo kuya kufuneka zitshintshwe. Akukho mfuneko yokutshintsha incwadana yakho yokundwendwela, indawo yokuzalwa iboniswe malunga: ngesiRashiya - "ingingqi yaseSaratov", ngesiNgesi - nokuba "USSR".
Ngokomthetho, kuthatha iinyanga ezi-3 ukutshintshela isatifikethi somtshato, nangona ipasipoti ingatshintshwa kwiintsuku ze-10. Inde, inde kakhulu. Ikhontrakthi yam ichaza umhla wokuqalisa umsebenzi - nge-1 kaMeyi. Ngokusisiseko bendinokhetho olu-2:
- ndiyathemba ukuba iofisi yobhaliso yengingqi ayiyi kucela isiqinisekiso kwisithili kwaye iya kubeka i-apostille kwisatifikethi sam esidala, kwaye amaDatshi aya kuyamkela.
- tshintsha isatifikethi somtshato kunye nencwadana yokundwendwela
Ndiphantse ndathatha indlela yokuqala, kodwa ndiyabulela kwintloko yeofisi yobhaliso. Wathembisa ukutshintshisa isiqinisekiso somtshato ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ndavumelana ne HR service ukuba ihlehlise usuku lwam lokuqalisa ukusebenza kwinyanga enye ngaphambili, ndakhupha I power of attorney katata e notary, ndanikezela ngomtshato wam for exchange, ndabhatala zonke ii fees in advance, ndawashiya onke amanye amaxwebhu. Saratov waza wabuyela kummandla eMoscow.
Iofisi yokubhalisa ngokwenene yenza yonke into ngokukhawuleza - kwiiveki ezimbini ezinesiqingatha batshintshisa isatifiketi somtshato, kwaye ezinye iintsuku ezi-4 zachithwa kwi-apostille. Ekupheleni kuka-Matshi 2018, utata weza eMoscow ngeshishini waza wandiphathela onke amaxwebhu asele enziwe. Ezinye zazilula yaye zingenamdla: Ndayalela ukuba kuguqulelwe isiNgesi kwiziko elithile, ndaza ndafumana incwadi yokuguqulela eyayivela kwiSebe Lezobulungisa laseMoscow. Kwathabatha malunga neveki enesiqingatha. Lilonke, iphepha ngalinye le-A5 lesatifikethi liguqulwe libe ngamaphepha angama-5 A4, aqinisekiswe ngamatywina kunye neesiginitsha macala onke.
Ipasipoti
Itshintshwe ngeeNkonzo zikaRhulumente. Yonke into yayinjengoko ndandithenjisiwe: kwiveki emva kokuba ndifake isicelo, ndafumana ileta ethi ndingayifumana incwadana yokundwendwela entsha kwiSebe leMicimbi yangaphakathi yasekuhlaleni. Enyanisweni, i-Ofisi yoMphathiswa weMicimbi yaNgaphakathi ijongana neencwadana zokundwendwela iintsuku ezi-2 kuphela ngeveki, ngoko ndayifumana incwadana yam yokundwendwela ngomhla we-18 emva kwesicelo.
IiVisa
Imvume yokuhlala, imvume yokusebenza zonke zilungile, kodwa ke. Okokuqala kufuneka uze kwilizwe. Kwaye oku udinga ii-visa.
Xa ekugqibeleni ndawaqokelela onke amaxwebhu ayimfuneko, ndawahlola ndaza ndawathumela kwaHR. Kulungile ukuba eNetherlands, ukuskena rhoqo kunamandla asemthethweni afanayo njengemvelaphi, ngoko akudingeki ukuba uthumele amaxwebhu ngokwasemzimbeni. UHR ungenise isicelo kwinkonzo yokufuduka. Inkonzo yokuFuduka yanika impendulo entle emva kweeveki ezi-3. Ngoku mna nomfazi wam sasikwazi ukufumana iimpepha-mvume zokundwendwela kwiOfisi kaNozakuzaku wamaDatshi eMoscow.
Ngoko ke, kuphakathi kuMeyi kwaye kufuneka ndiqalise umsebenzi e-Eindhoven nge-1 kaJuni. Kodwa ekuphela kwento eseleyo kukuncamathela i-visa kwipaspoti yakho, pakisha isutikheyisi yakho kwaye ubhabhe. Ungafika njani kwi-ambassy apho? Kufuneka wenze idinga kwiwebhusayithi yabo. Kulungile, unini umhla olandelayo? Phakathi kuJulayi?!
Andizange ndiphinde ndikhathazeke, emva kokuhamba kunye namaxwebhu. Ndiqale nje ukufowunela i-embassy. Khange baphendule iphone. Ndifumene into eluncedo yokucofa ngokuzenzekelayo kwifowuni yam. Kwiiyure ezimbalwa kamva ndade ndagqiba ndaza ndachaza imeko. Ingxaki yam yasonjululwa kwimizuzu embalwa - mna nomfazi wam sanikwa idinga ngeentsuku ezi-3.
Kula maxwebhu, iofisi yozakuzo yayifuna iincwadana zokundwendwela, iifoto, iifomu ezizalisiweyo kunye nesivumelwano sengqesho esisayiniweyo. Sasinazo zonke ezi zinto. Kodwa ngenxa yesizathu esithile ifoto yomfazi ayizange ifane. Akukho nanye kwezi zintathu iinketho. Sasithunywe ukuba siyokwenza eyesine kwindlu ejongene nayo. Bathatha ifoto kwaye bayihlawulisa, hayi kakhulu, hayi nakabini :)
Ngokuhlwa ndiye ndathatha iipasi zethu ezinee-visa ezininzi kangangeenyanga ezi-3. Yiloo nto, unokukhetha indiza kwaye ubhabhe.
Izinto
Umqeshi wam wandibhatala ukuba ndithuthe izinto zam. Uthutho ngokwalo luphathwa yinkampani yamazwe ngamazwe u-HR wathetha nayo eNetherlands, kwaye ndathetha nabameli bayo eRashiya.
Kwisithuba esingangenyanga enesiqingatha ngaphambi kokuba ndihambe, ibhinqa elithile elivela kule ofisi leza ekhayeni lethu lize kuhlola ubungakanani bezinto ezithuthwayo. Sigqibe kwelokuba sihambe kancinci - akukho fenitshala, eyona nto yayinzima yidesktop yam (kwaye ngaphandle kwemonitha). Kodwa sithathe izinto ezininzi, izihlangu kunye nezinto zokuthambisa.
Kwakhona, kumaxwebhu am, ndandifuna amandla egqwetha ukuze ndihambe ngerhafu. Kuyathakazelisa ukuba awukwazi ukuthumela ngaphandle imizobo evela eRashiya ngaphandle koluvo lwengcali, nokuba ngumzobo nje owenziweyo. Umfazi wam wenza umzobo omncinci, kodwa asizange sithathe nayiphi na imizobo okanye imizobo, sishiye yonke into kwigumbi. Kwindlu yakho (nangona ubolekiwe). Ukuba besihamba “ngokupheleleyo” okanye sikwizindlu ezirentwayo, bekuya kubakho enye ingxaki.
Kwiveki ngaphambi kokuhamba, abapakishi aba-3 bafika ngexesha elimiselweyo. Kwaye bapakisha yonke inkunkuma yethu ngokukhawuleza, kakuhle kakhulu. Kwavela iibhokisi ze-13 zobukhulu obuhlukeneyo, ngokomyinge malunga ne-40x50x60 cm ndinika amandla ommeli, ndafumana uluhlu lweebhokisi kwaye ndishiywe ngaphandle kwekhompyutheni, kunye ne-laptop kuphela kwiiveki ezi-6 ezizayo.
Ukuhlala eNetherlands
Isicwangciso sethu sokufuduka sasisithi: okokuqala, mna kuphela ndibhabha, ndihlale apho, ndiqeshe indlu esisigxina, kwaye ndidlule kwixesha lovavanyo. Ukuba konke kulungile, ndibuyela umfazi wam, kwaye sihamba ngenqwelomoya ukuya eNetherlands kunye.
Ubunzima bokuqala endadibana nabo ekufikeni kwam yayiyindlela yokubiza inombolo yesiDatshi? Bonke oonxibelelwano banikwe kum ngefomathi +31(0)xxxxxxxxx, kodwa xa ndizama ukucofa +310xxxxxxxxx ndafumana impendulo ye-robo “Inombolo engasebenziyo”. Kulungile ukuba bekukho iWiFi yasimahla kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya. Ndiye ndajonga uGoogle ndaza ndacinga: kufuneka ucofe nokuba +31xxxxxxxxx (ifomati yamazwe ngamazwe) okanye 0xxxxxxxxx (yasekhaya). Yinto encinci, kodwa bekufanele ukuba siyikhathalele le nto ngaphambi kokuba sifike.
Kwinyanga yokuqala ndahlaliswa kwigumbi eliqeshisayo. Igumbi lokulala, ikhitshi elidityaniswe negumbi lokuhlala, ishawari, umatshini wokuhlamba kunye nomatshini wokuhlamba izitya, ifriji, iayini - konke oko kumntu omnye. Kwakungeyomfuneko nokuba ndihlele inkunkuma. Kuphela ngumphathi wesakhiwo owakwalelayo ukuphosa iglasi kwinkunkuma eqhelekileyo, ngoko ke inyanga yonke yokuqala ndakuphepha ngononophelo ukuthenga nantoni na kwizikhongozeli zeglasi.
Ngosuku emva kokufika kwam, ndadibana noKaren, isikhokelo sam kwihlabathi le-bureaucracy yaseDatshi kunye ne-arhente ye-real estate yexeshana. Uye wandenzela idinga ebhankini nakwiziko lakwamanye amazwe kwangethuba.
i-akhawunti yebhanki
Yonke into ebhankini yayilula kakhulu. Ngaba uyafuna ukuvula iakhawunti nathi, kodwa awukabhaliswa eNetherlands kwaye awunayo iBSN? Akukho ngxaki, siza kwenza yonke into ngoku, kwaye emva koko sihlaziye ulwazi kwiprofayile yakho kwiwebhusayithi yethu. " Ndirhanela ukuba isivumelwano esisayinwe nomqeshi sam saba negalelo kwesi simo sengqondo. Ibhanki iphinde yandithengisela i-inshurensi ye-liability - i-inshurensi xa ndophula into yomnye umntu. Ibhanki yathembisa ukuthumela ikhadi leplastiki lenkqubo yasekuhlaleni ngeposi eqhelekileyo kwisithuba seveki. Kwaye wathumela - kuqala ikhowudi ye-PIN kwimvulophu, kwaye emva kweentsuku ezi-2 - ikhadi ngokwalo.
Ngokuphathelele amakhadi eplastiki. Nangona mna nomkam beza kubona iNetherlands ekwindla, sazibonela oku ngokwethu - i-Visa kunye ne-Mastercard zamkelwe apha, kodwa kungekhona yonke indawo. La makhadi agqalwa njengamakhadi okuthenga ngetyala apha (nangona besinawo njengamakhadi ebhanki) kwaye iivenkile ezininzi aziqhagamshelani nawo (ngenxa yokufumana imirhumo? Andazi). I-Netherlands inohlobo lwayo lwamakhadi e-debit kunye nenkqubo yayo yentlawulo ye-intanethi ye-iDeal. Ngokusuka kumava am, ndinokuthi eJamani naseBelgium la makhadi nawo amkelwe.
Indawo yokuhlala
Iziko le-expat luhlobo oluthile lwenkonzo yokufuduka, apho ndabhaliswa ngokusemthethweni kwidilesi yesikhashana, ndanikwa i-BSN - inombolo enkulu yokuhlala yaseNetherlands (i-analogue esondeleyo eRashiya - i-TIN) kwaye yaxelelwa ukuba ize. ukufumana imvume yokusebenza kunye neyokuhlala kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Ngendlela, imfumba yam yamaxwebhu (i-apostille, inguqulelo, i-apostille yokuguqulela) yabangela ukumangaliswa okuncinci; Ngendlela, inombolo yesibini - ilizwe lokuzalwa kumaxwebhu am aseDatshi yiSovjet-Unie, kwaye ilizwe lokufika yiRusland. Ezo. noko oomabhalana balapha bayayazi le metamorphosis yelizwe lethu.
Ndifumene imvume yokuhlala enelungelo lokusebenza njengomphambukeli onezakhono eziphezulu malunga neentsuku ezi-3 zokusebenza. Oku kulibaziseka akuzange kuwuchaphazele nangayiphi na indlela umsebenzi wam - i-visa yam yeenyanga ezintathu yandivumela ukuba ndisebenze. Ndiyakwazi ukutshintsha imisebenzi, kodwa kufuneka ndihlale ndiyingcali enjalo. Ezo. umvuzo wam kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwesixa esithile. Ngowama-2019 yi-58320 yee-euro kubantu abangaphezu kwamashumi amathathu.
Iselula
Ndithenge isim card yalapha mna. U-Karen undicebise ngomsebenzi (KPN) kunye nendawo yokufumana ivenkile yakhe. Ngokuba Bendingenayo nefinancial history ne bank yalapha, bebengazo signer contract nam, bebezothengisa I prepaid sim card qha. Ndinethamsanqa kwaye ivenkile yamkela i-Visa, ndahlawula ngekhadi lebhanki laseRashiya. Ndijonge phambili, ndiza kuthi ndisasebenzisa eli khadi le-prepaid. Ndifunde amaxabiso oku kunye nabanye abasebenzi, kwaye ndagqiba ekubeni intlawulo yangaphambili indifanele kakhulu.
Itshekhi yezonyango
Njengomntu ofike evela kwilizwe elingaphucukanga kangako, kwafuneka ndiye kufunda i-fluorography. Ukubhaliswa kwiiveki ezi-2 (eNetherlands, ngokubanzi, xa kuthelekiswa neMoscow, yonke into ihamba kancinci), phantse i-euro ye-50, kwaye ukuba abandibizi ngeveki, ngoko yonke into ilungile. Khange bafowune :)
Khangela izindlu ezirentwayo
Ewe kunjalo, bendisajonge iintengiso zamagumbi avela eRussia, kodwa kwangoko kwafuneka ndincame ngokukhawuleza ithemba lokufumana indawo yokuhlala ngaphakathi koluhlu, ukuba alukho i-700 ye-euro, ubuncinci i-1000 ye-euro (kubandakanywa nezinto eziluncedo). Malunga neentsuku ezili-10 emva kokufika kwam, uKaren wandithumelela amakhonkco kwiintengiso ezimbalwa. Ndakhetha aba-5 okanye abasi-6 kubo, yaye ngosuku olulandelayo wandithabatha ukuze ndiye kubo.
Ngokubanzi, eNetherlands kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukurenta izindlu kungekuphela nje ngaphandle kwefenitshala, endikwaziyo ukuyiqonda, kodwa ngaphandle kwe-flooring - i.e. ngaphandle kwe-laminate, i-linoleum kunye nezinye izinto, nje ikhonkrithi engenanto. Le nto andisayiqondi kwakhona. Abaqeshi bawuthatha umgangatho xa bephuma, kodwa yintoni esetyenziswa kwenye indawo? Ngokubanzi, akukho maninzi amagumbi anefanitshala, eyenze umsebenzi wam waba nzima ngakumbi. Kodwa kwelinye icala, iimbono ezi-5 ngosuku yintsomi nje xa kuthelekiswa neDublin okanye iStockholm.
Ukungalungi okuphambili kwamagumbi aseDatshi, ngokombono wam, ukusetyenziswa ngokungenangqiqo kwendawo. Amafulethi ahluka, ukusuka kwi-30 ukuya kumakhulu amaninzi eemitha zeemitha, kodwa, ngokuqinisekileyo, ndandinomdla kwizinto ezingabizi, i.e. encinci. Kwaye ke, umzekelo, ndijonge indawo yokuhlala ye-45 square metres. Kukho i-corridor, igumbi lokulala, igumbi lokuhlambela kunye nekhitshi kunye negumbi lokuhlala - yiyo yonke into. Kukho imvakalelo engapheliyo yendawo exineneyo; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ndikhumbula kakuhle indlela intsapho yam ye-2 ehlala ngayo kakuhle kwisakhiwo esiqhelekileyo se-Khrushchev-era kwi-4 yeemitha.
AmaDatshi aneengcamango ezahlukeneyo malunga nokuthuthuzelwa kwe-thermal. Kuloo ndlu, umzekelo, umnyango wangaphambili ngumaleko omnye weglasi, kwaye ukusuka kwindlu ukhokelela ngqo kwisitrato. Kukho amagumbi kwizakhiwo ezindala, apho yonke iglazing inomaleko omnye. Kwaye akukho nto inokutshintshwa, kuba ... indlu yisikhumbuzo soyilo. Ukuba umntu ucinga ukuba ubusika baseNetherlands buncinci, ngoko ke, kodwa akukho ukufudumeza okuphakathi, kwaye abantu basekhaya bangayigcina kwi-+20 ekhaya kwaye bahambe bejikeleza nge-T-shirt nje. Kodwa mna nomfazi wam, njengoko kubonakala ngathi, asikwazi. Sigcina ubushushu buphezulu kwaye sinxibe shushu.
Nangona kunjalo, ndiyacaphuka. Kwiinketho ezi-5, ndakhetha enye: amagumbi ama-3, i-75 yeemitha, ngokucacileyo ayintsha, njengoko siza kubhala - "ngaphandle kokulungiswa komgangatho waseYurophu" (i-ironic, akunjalo?). Ndisayine isivumelwano, ndihlawulwe ngenyanga yokuqala, ndanikela idiphozithi kwisixa semali yenyanga kunye nento malunga ne-€ 250 kwi-realtor kwicala lomnini. Le €250 kamva yabuyiselwa kum ngumqeshi wam.
Imarike yokurenta, njengoko ndiyiqonda, ilawulwa ngurhulumente. Ngokomzekelo, isivumelwano sam (ngokusemthethweni ngesiDatshi, kodwa kukho ukuguqulelwa kwisiNgesi) siqukethe amaphepha ambalwa kuphela, adwelisa ngokuyinhloko idatha yomntu kunye nokwahlukana kwisivumelwano esiqhelekileyo, esivunyiweyo ngokusemthethweni. Ngokomthetho, umnini-mhlaba akanako ukwandisa irenti ngaphezu kwe-6 okanye isi-7 ekhulwini ngonyaka. Ngokomzekelo, kunyaka wesibini ixabiso lam liphakanyiswe kuphela yi-2.8%. Phofu ke, umnini weflethi endiyiqeshileyo ngomnye wabantu abambalwa endikhe ndadibana nabo apha abasithethi kakhulu isiNgesi. Kodwa emva kokutyikitya isivumelwano, andizange ndimbone nakanye, sasinqwenelelana iKrisimesi emyoli noNyaka oMtsha kuWhatsapp, kuphelele apho.
Ndizakuqaphela kwakhona ukuba izindlu apha ziya zixabisa kakhulu unyaka nonyaka - zombini irenti kwaye iyathengwa. Umzekelo, omnye wogxa bam wayephuma kwindlu awayeyirenta iminyaka eliqela malunga ne-800 yee-euro kwaye wayefuna ukuyinika umhlobo wakhe. Kodwa kumhlobo, ixabiso lalisele liyi-€ 1200.
Internet
Indlu eqeshisayo yayingenayo eyona nto ibalulekileyo - i-Intanethi. Ukuba uyayisebenzisa kuGoogle, baninzi ababoneleli apha, uninzi lwabo luqhagamshela ngefiber optic. Kodwa: le fiber optical ayikafumaneki kuyo yonke indawo, kwaye ithatha eziliqela (ukuya kwisithandathu!) Iiveki ukusuka kwisicelo ukuya kwikhonkco. Indlu yam, njengoko ibonakala, ihluthwe le nzuzo yempucuko. Ukudibanisa ngomboneleli onjalo, kufuneka ndiye emsebenzini - ngokwemvelo! — ixesha lokulinda isifakeli. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba usebenzisane nabo bonke abamelwane ngezantsi, kuba Intambo isebenza ukusuka kumgangatho wokuqala. Ndaye ndagqiba ekubeni andikakulungeli ukuzonwabisa ngolo hlobo ndaza ndasirhoxisa isicelo.
Ngenxa yoko, ndidibanise i-Intanethi kwi-Ziggo - ngekhebula likamabonwakude, ngesantya sokulayisha amaxesha angama-10 ngaphantsi kwesantya sokulayisha, isinye nesiqingatha samaxabiso abiza kakhulu, kodwa ngaphandle kwe-installer kunye neentsuku ezi-3. Bavele bandithumelela ngeposi yonke isethi yezixhobo, endizixhume ngokwam. Ukusukela ngoko yonke into ibisebenza, isantya sizinzile, kwanele kuthi.
Umfazi eshukumayo
Ndafumana indawo yokuhlala, kwakungekho ngxaki emsebenzini, ngoko ngokwesicwangciso, ekuqaleni kuka-August ndaya kulanda umfazi wam. Umqeshi wam umthengele itikiti, ndazithengela itikiti lenqwelomoya enye.
Ndamenzela idinga ebhankini nakwiziko langaphandle kwangethuba kwakungekho nto inzima ngalo. Wavula iakhawunti ngendlela efanayo waza wanikwa iphepha-mvume lokuhlala kunye nephepha-mvume lokusebenza. Ngaphezu koko, ngokungafaniyo nam, unelungelo lokufumana nawuphi na umsebenzi, kungekhona njengengcali eqeqeshwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Emva koko yena ngokwakhe wabhalisa kumasipala wendawo kwaye wenza i-fluorography.
I-inshurensi yezonyango
Wonke umhlali waseNetherlands kufuneka abe ne-inshurensi yezempilo kwaye ahlawule ubuncinci ikhulu kunye nento ye-euro ngenyanga ngayo. Abafikayo kufuneka bathathe i-inshurensi kwisithuba esibonakala ngathi ziinyanga ezine. Ukuba ababhalisi, banikwa i-inshurensi ngokuzenzekelayo.
Emva kwenyanga yokuqala yokuhlala kwam eNetherlands, ndazikhethela i-inshurensi mna nomfazi wam, kodwa akuzange kube lula ukuyifumana. Ngaba sele ndikhankanyile ukuba amaDatshi ngabantu abakhululekile? Rhoqo kwiiveki ezimbalwa babendicela iinkcukacha zobuqu, amaxwebhu, okanye enye into. Ngenxa yoko, mna nomfazi wam sanikwa i-inshurensi kuphela ekupheleni kuka-Agasti.
Ikhadi letyala
Kwiinyanga nje ezimbini zokuqala, ndaye ndabona ukuba lalingeyongxaki i-debit card yasekuhlaleni. Unokuhlawula ngayo kwi-intanethi kuphela apho i-iDeal ifumaneka khona. Ezo. kuphela kwiindawo zamaDatshi. Awuyi kukwazi ukuhlawulela u-Uber, umzekelo, okanye uthenge itikiti kwiwebhusayithi yeAeroflot. Bendifuna ikhadi eliqhelekileyo - iVisa okanye iMastercard. Kulungile Mastercard, kunjalo. IYurophu iyafana.
Kodwa apha ngamakhadi etyala kuphela. Ngaphezu koko, azikhutshwanga yibhanki ngokwayo, kodwa yiofisi ethile kazwelonke. Ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, ndathumela isicelo sekhadi letyala kwi-akhawunti yam yobuqu kwiwebhusayithi yebhanki. Kwiiveki ezimbalwa kamva ndalahlwa ngenxa yokuba ndandisele ndisebenza ixesha elide kakhulu. Kwileta yam yokuphendula ndibuze, yimalini efunekayo? Emva kwenyanga, ndavunywa ngequbuliso ukuba ndifumane ikhadi letyala ndaza ndalithumela ngeposi kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa.
Rouling
I-30% yokuqengqeleka yinto enkulu. Kodwa ukuze uyifumane kufuneka ube ngumfuduki kwaye uphile ngaphezulu kwe-18 km ukusuka eNetherlands kwiinyanga ezili-150 ezidlulileyo ngaphambi kokuza eNetherlands. Kulusizi ukuba banikezela ngolawulo oluncinci kwaye luncinci - emva kokuba lukhutshwe iminyaka eyi-10, emva kwe-8, ngoku kuphela i-5.
Umqeshi wam uhlawulela iinkonzo zeofisi yomthetheli, ethi ingenise isicelo serhafu sasekuhlaleni ngenxa yesigwebo sam. Njengoko oogxa bam bandixelele, oku kudla ngokuthatha iinyanga ezi-2-3, emva koko umvuzo "umnatha" uba mkhulu kakhulu (kwaye uhlawulwe iinyanga ngaphandle kwe-rollover).
Ndazalisa ifom yesicelo ndaza ndathumela amaphepha ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Iofisi yerhafu iphendule ukuba ngoku batshintshela kulawulo lwamaxwebhu e-elektroniki, ngoko ke ukuvunywa kwesigwebo kungathatha ixesha elide. KULUNGILE. Emva kweenyanga ezi-3, ndaqalisa ukukhaba iofisi yomthetheleli. Iofisi ngokucothayo yagqitha ikhabela kwiofisi yerhafu yaza yabuyela kum. Ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba, ndathunyelwa ileta evela kwiofisi yerhafu, apho ndacelwa khona ukuba ndinikele ubungqina bokuba ndandihlala ngaphandle kweNetherlands kangangeenyanga ezili-18 ngaphambi kuka-Aprili 2018.
Ngebhaqo? Musa ukucinga. KwakungoAprili apho ndafumana incwadana yam yokundwendwela entsha. Ngoku andikhumbuli kakuhle, kodwa kubonakala ngathi i-scan yepasipoti iqhotyoshelwe kwisicelo sokulawula. Njengobungqina, ungabonisa amatyala asetyenziswayo egameni lam. Kwakhona, into entle kukuba ndihlala kwigumbi lam iminyaka eliqela kwaye onke amatyala eza egameni lam. Kwaye ndibagcina bonke :) Izalamane zam zandithumelela iifoto zamatyala afunekayo, kwaye ndazithumela (kunye nenkcazo yento yintoni) kwiofisi yomlamli.
Kwakhona, ndifumene isaziso sokuba i-ofisi yerhafu itshintshela kulawulo lwamaxwebhu e-elektroniki, kwaye ukusetyenzwa kwesicelo kuya kuthatha ixesha elide. NgoNovemba, ndaqalisa ukukhaba umlamli kwakhona, ndamkhaba de kwaphakathi kuDisemba, ndaza ndavunywa ukuba ndilawule. Yaqala ukuchaphazela umvuzo wam ngoJanuwari, okt. Ndithathe iinyanga ezisi-7 ukugqiba ukukhutshwa.
Umfazi ufumana umsebenzi
Nalapha, yonke into ihambe ngokwesicwangciso. Umfazi wam ngumvavanyi wesoftware oneminyaka emi-4 yamava. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala, waqhubeka esebenzela umqeshi wakhe eMoscow. Sibulela ngokukhethekileyo kuye ngokusivumela ukuba sitshintshele kumsebenzi okude ngokupheleleyo. Inzuzo yesi sisombululo: akufuneki ukhawuleze uye kwindawo engaqhelekanga kwaye ufumane uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo.
Minus: njengoko kwavela, ukususela kumzuzu wokubhalisa apha umfazi ungumhlali werhafu waseNetherlands. Ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka uhlawule irhafu kuwo nawuphi na umvuzo. Mhlawumbi iofisi yerhafu yendawo yayingayi kufumanisa malunga nale ngeniso, okanye mhlawumbi babeza kuba nayo (ukususela ngo-2019, ukutshintshiselana ngokuzenzekelayo kwedatha yerhafu phakathi kweRashiya kunye namazwe aseYurophu kwaqala). Ngokubanzi, sigqibe kwelokuba singayifaki emngciphekweni kwaye siyichaze le ngeniso kwimbuyekezo yethu yerhafu. Akukaziwa ukuba yimalini ekuya kufuneka uyihlawule;
Ndaweni ithile ngoNovemba, umfazi wam waqala ukukhangela umsebenzi apha. Kukho izithuba ezimbalwa zeSoftware Testers kunye neeNjineli ze-QA apha, kodwa zikhona. Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-ISTQB kunye/okanye izatifikethi ze-Tmap ziyafuneka. Akanaye omnye okanye omnye. Njengoko ndiqonda kumazwi akhe, eRashiya kuthethwa kakhulu ngale nto kunesidingo sokwenene.
Ngenxa yoko, umfazi wam wachaswa izihlandlo ezibini, engakhange amenywe nodliwano-ndlebe. Umzamo wesithathu waba nempumelelo ngakumbi - ekuqaleni kukaDisemba wabizelwa udliwano-ndlebe. Udliwano-ndlebe ngokwalo lwathatha ixesha elingaphezu kweyure kwaye lwabanjwa kwifomathi "yencoko yobomi": babuza ukuba wenza ntoni, uhlangabezana njani neemeko ezinjalo nezinjalo. Babuza okuncinci malunga namava kwi-automation (kukho, kodwa kuncinci kakhulu), kwakungekho mibuzo yobugcisa. Konke oku kungaphezulu nje kweyure kwaye ngesiNgesi, kunjalo. La yayingamava akhe okuqala okuba nodliwano-ndlebe ngolwimi lwasemzini.
Kwiiveki ezimbalwa kamva bandibizela udliwano-ndlebe lwesibini - kunye nomnini kunye nomlawuli wexeshana wenkampani. Ifomathi efanayo, izihloko ezifanayo, enye iyure yokuthetha. Kwiiveki ezimbalwa kamva bathi bakulungele ukwenza umnikelo. Saqalisa ukuxoxa ngeenkcukacha. Mna, ndikhumbula amava am anempumelelo ngokwentelekiso, ndacebisa ukuba ndixoxisane kancinci. Yenzeka nalapha.
Umnikelo ngokwawo yinkontileka ye-1 yeminyaka kunye nethemba lokutshintshela kwisigxina ukuba yonke into ihamba kakuhle. Iphepha-mvume lawo nawuphi na umsebenzi laliluncedo kakhulu, kuba... Ngokomvuzo, umfazi akakafiki kwinqanaba le-kennismigrant. Kwaye akanalo ilungelo lokulawula, kuba uhlala eNetherlands iinyanga ezininzi.
Ngenxa yoko, ukusukela ngoFebruwari ka-2019, inkosikazi yam ibisebenza ixesha elizeleyo njengomvavanyi wesoftware kwinkampani yasekhaya.
Amalungelo asekuhlaleni
Imo yam njenge-kennismigrant, ukongezelela ekulawuleni, indinika ilungelo lokutshintshiselana ngelayisenisi yam yaseRashiya yeyasekuhlaleni ngaphandle kokuphumelela iimviwo. Oku kukwalugcino olukhulu, kuba... Izifundo zokuqhuba kunye novavanyo ngokwalo luya kubiza amawaka aliqela eeuro. Kwaye konke oku kuya kuba ngesiDatshi.
Ngoku ndasifumana isigwebo, ndaqalisa ukutshintshiselana ngamalungelo. Kwiwebhusayithi ye-CBR - ukulingana kwendawo yamapolisa endlela - ndihlawule i-euro ye-37 kwi-questionnaire yezokwelapha, apho ndaphawula nje ukuba andinazo iingxaki zempilo (ndihlala ndinxiba iiglasi, kodwa akukho nto malunga neeglasi, kuphela ndiyabona. ngamehlo omabini?). Ngokuba Ndineteksi kwaye nditshintshisa ngelayisensi yodidi B, akukho luvavanyo lukagqirha olufunekayo. Kwiiveki ezi-2 kamva ndafumana ileta echaza ukuba i-CBR ivume ukutshintshiselana kwam ngamalungelo. Ngale leta kunye namanye amaxwebhu, ndaya kumasipala wasekhaya, apho ndahlawula enye i-euro ye-35 kwaye ndayeka ilayisenisi yam yaseRashiya (ngaphandle kokuguqulelwa).
Emva kwezinye iiveki ezi-2 ndiye ndaziswe ukuba iilayisensi ezintsha zilungile. Ndibalande kwamasipala omnye. Ilayisenisi yam yaseRussia ibisebenza de kwangowama-2021, kodwa ilayisenisi yam yaseDatshi yakhutshwa iminyaka eli-10 ukuya kutsho ngo-2029. Ngaphezu koko, ukongeza kudidi B, ziquka i-AM (i-mopeds) kunye ne-T (iitrektara!).
AmaDatshi aya kuthumela iilayisensi zawo zaseRashiya kwi-consulate yethu, kwaye i-consulate iya kubathumela eRashiya ekupheleni konyaka. Ezo. Ndineenyanga ezimbalwa zokuthintela amalungelo eHague, ukuze ndingabakhangeli kamva kwi-MREO - mhlawumbi eSaratov, okanye kummandla waseMoscow.
isiphelo
Ngeli xesha, ndijonga inkqubo yethu yokufuduka kunye nokuzinza ukuba iphelele. Izicwangciso zam zeminyaka embalwa ezayo kukuphila nokusebenza ngoxolo. Kwinxalenye elandelayo kunye neyokugqibela ndiya kuthetha malunga nemiba yemihla ngemihla kunye nomsebenzi wobomi eNetherlands.
umthombo: www.habr.com
