I-ARIES PLC110[M02]-MS4, i-HMI, i-OPC kunye ne-SCADA, okanye ingakanani iti ye-Chamomile efunwa ngumntu. Icandelo loku-2

Good afternoon bahlobo. Inxalenye yesibini yophononongo ihambelana neyokuqala, kwaye namhlanje ndibhala ukuhlaziywa kwinqanaba eliphezulu lenkqubo eboniswe kwisihloko.

Iqela lethu lezixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu zibandakanya yonke isoftware kunye ne-hardware ngaphezu kwenethiwekhi ye-PLC (ii-IDE ze-PLCs, ii-HMIs, izinto eziluncedo zokuguqula rhoqo, iimodyuli, njl. azifakiwe apha).

Ndiya kuqhoboshela ulwakhiwo lwenkqubo ukusuka kwicandelo lokuqala kwakhona, ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukuqonda oko sithetha ngako.

Ke, umgangatho ophezulu ubandakanya:

• I-PC yesango lokuhamba kwetrafikhi phakathi kweenethiwekhi ezimbini (inethiwekhi ye-PLC kunye ne-LAN yeshishini)
• Iseva ye-OPC - isoftwe eqokelela idata kwinethiwekhi ye-Modbus TCP kwaye iyitolike ukuze iqhubeke kwi-SCADA kunye nedathabheyisi
• I-SCADA - Iphakheji yesoftware ebandakanya iseva kunye nabaxhasi. Iqokobhe lethu lomzobo lokubeka iliso kunye nokulawula iinkqubo
• I-DBMS isofthiwe esivumela ukuba sigcine idatha ingena kwi-SCADA kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, siyibuyisele ukujonga iigrafu, iilogi, kunye nokuvelisa iingxelo.

Andiyi kuchukumisa inethiwekhi yenkampani (CN) yeshishini, kuba ingaphakathi kobuchule bolawulo lwenkqubo yethu, kodwa ndiya kukuxelela ukuba ndinxibelelane njani naye, yeyiphi imisebenzi endiyibekileyo xa ndichaza ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo, kwaye hayi uphononongo.

Ngoko, masiqale

Into yokuqala, Sithengisa ngokwasemzimbeni ihardware eya kusisebenzela. Hardware, ukusebenza ezimbini eyahlukileyo inethiwekhi, ikhompyuter ifuna iiadaptha zenethiwekhi ezimbini. Eyokuqala endandinayo yayiyi-adapter ye-motherboard (yokusebenza kwi-CS), kwaye eyesibini (yokusebenza kwi-Modbus-TCP) ndiyifake kwi-port ye-PCI-E kwaye ukusuka kuyo yakhupha intambo yokubopha kwi-router (nje ukuze ungasasazi iingcingo kwiikhabhinethi kunye ne-PLC ukuya kwi-PC ye-bureau. Kwicala le-PLC, ngokuqinisekileyo, sikwafaka i-router.).

Ngapha koko, oku kwanele ukuba ikhomputha isebenze kwinethiwekhi nganye, kodwa ngokungagqibekanga uthungelwano aluyi kubonana, kuya kufuneka ucofe amaqhosha.

Imiba ebalulekileyo yokuseta uqhagamshelo lwenethiwekhi:

1. Ukuqhagamshela kwi-CS akufanele kwenziwe ngokufumana idilesi kwiseva ye-DHCP, kufuneka ucacise izicwangciso ze-adaptha ngesandla (idilesi akufanele ifakwe kuluhlu lweedilesi ze-DHCP) kunye nesalathiso esisinyanzelo sesango lothungelwano. Kwixesha elizayo, oku kubaluleke kakhulu xa uququzelela ukufikelela kude.
2. Akukho mfuneko yokuzama ukwenza ibhulorho yothungelwano phakathi kweadaptha; zonke iindlela ziqhutywa xa inkonzo yeWindows ehambelanayo yenziwe yasebenza.
3. Ukuba ufuna ukufikelela kuthungelwano lwe-PLC kuyo nayiphi na ikhompyutha ye-CS, ngoko ke umzila kufuneka ubhaliswe ukuze uqhutywe lisango eliphambili lothungelwano.
4. Ukuququzelela ukufikelela okude, ndincoma ukusebenzisa izibuko zamahhala ezingaqhelekanga ukuba zinqumle ngokukhawuleza i-hackers
5. Akukho software eyongezelelweyo efunekayo ukuba ifakwe, yonke into yenziwa ngokusebenzisa izixhobo eziqhelekileyo zeWindows

Software

Bendifuna ukukhetha iimveliso ezihlangabezana neenqobo ezithile:

• Umenzi wasekhaya - nangona ndingafumana inkxaso yobugcisa bolwimi lwesiNgesi ngazo zonke iindlela zonxibelelwano ezikhoyo, ayingabo bonke oogxa bam abanokuzingca ngale nto. Ukugcinwa kwenkqubo kufuneka kufumaneke kuye wonke umntu, ukuze ubuncinci ndingatsalwa emva ekhefini.
  Kwakhona, ndiyaqaphela ukuba iindleko zesoftware yasekhaya isondele kwiinyani zethu kwaye ziyamkeleka kubathengi
• Intsha ngokuthelekisayo, kodwa ubuncinci bungqiniwe, kuba ufuna ukuhambisana namaxesha
• I-interface emnandi, yobuhle yinto engeyiyo yonke i-SCADA enokuziqhayisa ngayo. Ngelishwa, ukuyila kwizixhobo ezizenzekelayo kuya kuthatha ixesha elide ukuza, kodwa ndingathanda ukubona iimpawu zabathengi bemveliso yokugqibela kwinqanaba eliphezulu.
• Ukudityaniswa okulula kwe-OPC, i-SCADA kunye ne-DBMS (ngaphandle kokudansa ngentambula, ubuncinci bokucofa amaqhosha), ukuze ukwazi ukuthumela inkqubo yolawulo lwenkqubo elula eKamchatka (ngokoqobo, sinezityalo zabathengi apho) kwaye hayi umakhi wenkqubo.

Iseva ye-OPC

Ngethuba lokuqhelana kwam ne-MasterSCADA 4D, ngelixa i-PLC ivavanywa, ndatyelela ngokunyanisekileyo iwebhusayithi yomenzi kwaye ndabona ukuba banikezela ngeeseva zabo ze-OPC phantse nayiphi na iprotocol yokudlulisa idatha. Kwiprotocol yeModbus banikezela ngokwahlukileyo Iseva ye-OPC ye-Universal Modbus, okt. uyakwazi ukuthetha Modbus kuphela.

Apha ngezantsi kukho umfanekiso weskrini wojongano: ngokufutshane, ngokoluvo lwam, akukho nto ingaphaya kwamandla, kodwa mhlawumbi umsebenzisi ophucukileyo unokuphoswa yinto ethile.

Uguqulelo lwasimahla lukhawulelwe kwiithegi ezingama-32, kodwa ndibeka ii-variables ze-Boolean kwiirejista kwaye ndiyithumele kunye ne-LONG INT tag enye, kwaye kwi-SCADA sele "ndiyicazulule" ibe ngamasuntswana, iqhinga elincinci, ndiyathemba ukuba abayi kuza kum. Ngendlela, ayizizo zonke ii-scuds ezinokufikelela kwiibhithi zegama ngalinye, ngoko ke iresiphi ayikho jikelele.

Kwandithatha malunga nomzuzu ukufumana i-tag yokuqala yohlobo lwe-REAL emva kokufaka i-OPC, ngoko andizange ndijonge ngakumbi, ndonwabile ngobulula. Nangona kunjalo, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuba le software ibonelela ngokuqhutywa kwemibhalo yesiko lokufumana idatha, enokwandisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwizandla ezichanekileyo.

Inkqubo yeSCADA

Kulo mbuzo, andithethi nje ukudalwa kwendawo entle kunye nesebenzayo kumsebenzisi, kodwa kwanokwenza kube lula kumphuhlisi, kuba umdwelisi wenkqubo ojikeleza amaxwebhu kangangemizuzu eyi-15 ngeyure ukufumana ulwazi oluyimfuneko lulahlekile (ngokukodwa). izibalo) ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezi-2 ngosuku, oko kukuthi i-25% yosuku lokusebenza. Nceda uqaphele ukuba andiluthathi ukhetho lwam njengenjongo epheleleyo, esekwe kwincasa kunye nombala, njengoko besitsho...

Imarike yasekhaya yeenkqubo zeSCADA isinika:

• I-SCADA elula
• Ukukhanya okulula
• I-MasterSCADA 4D
• ARIES Telemechanika LIGHT
• CASCADE

Ndiyavuma, andizange ndijonge ngakumbi, mhlawumbi kukho enye into. Ukuqwalasela ukuba ndiyenzile ukhetho, oko kuthetha ukuba utyando lube yimpumelelo. Makhe sijonge ezi nkqubo, sikhumbula iindlela ezichazwe ngasentla:

1. CASCADE -Ndiye ndafumana kwangoko awona manqaku asezantsi okubonwayo; andizange ndikhuphe nokuhanjiswa. Ulawulo oluphuncukileyo kuWin95 luphelise le software kum.
   Akukho thethi
2. ARIES Telemechanika LIGHT - Andizange ndiyikhuphele, kodwa izizathu apha azikho kwi-interface kuphela, nangona kunjalo, kubonakala kum, ishiya into enqwenelekayo. Okokuqala, iimveliso ze-OWEN, emva kwesiqingatha senyanga yokuvavanya kunye nokulungiswa kwe-PLCs ngeemodyuli, ndinike iinkxalabo ezifanelekileyo malunga nokuthembeka kunye nokuguquguquka. Kwaye okwesibini, le nkqubo ibekwe njengenkqubo yokubeka iliso kunye nokulawula kuthungelwano lokuhambisa amandla, okokuqala nokuphambili. Umzi-mveliso wokutya awuhambelani ncam neemfuno zam (nokuba unokwenza yonke into, abathengisi basabacutha abaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo). Ngoko ke, ngo.
   Akukho thethi
3. I-MasterSCADA 4D - ekuboneni kokuqala, le yeyona ndlela icacileyo kwaye ilula. Makhe sicacise:
   • Ayifuni ukufakela okwahlukileyo kweseva ye-OPC xa usebenza ne-OWEN PLC, abaqhubi sele bengaphakathi
   • Ngokubanzi, ujongano oluhle kwaye oluhle, ulawulo lukwayi-4/5 eyomeleleyo
   • Indawo yoyilo elula

   Yonke into ibonakala ilungile kwaye ilungile, ndithathele ingqalelo le nkqubo ngaphandle kokukhetha xa ndithatha umlawuli, Kodwa:

   Ngolunye usuku oluhle ndavula iprojekthi kwimodi ye-RunTime (ukulinganisa komsebenzi), kwaye ndine-4 windows ezingenanto zixhonywe, ndaxubha amehlo am, ndavala, ndajonga umphathi weprojekthi, ndaqalisa kwakhona - into efanayo. Emva koko uluhlu lweendlela eziqhelekileyo ezifana nokuhlalutya utshintsho olwenziweyo, ukuqalisa kwakhona i-PC, njalo njalo, engakhokeli kwiziphumo. Ngaphantsi: Ndibeka ukuhanjiswa kude kube yimihla engcono, andinamnqweno wokuyiqonda, ayithembeki.

   Umlinganiselo: 3.5/5 Ukupakisha okulungileyo, kungekhona ukuzalisa kakhulu

4. Elula - Ndiyavuma, ndandichukunyiswa ngumlinganiselo wokusebenza / weendleko ukusuka kwincwadana yezobugcisa kwiwebhusayithi yomenzi. Kukho i-Web server kunye ne-SMS, i-imeyile kunye nabathengi abaninzi kunye nee-OPC ezininzi ezixhunyiwe, konke oku kubiza malunga nama-ruble angama-5000 ngexesha lokubhala - iipennies. Kwaye ukuba ungumphuhlisi kwaye wenze isicelo esahlukileyo kwi-questionnaire ye-intanethi kwisayithi, ngoko baya kukuthumelela inguqu yekiti yokusabalalisa kwiithegi ze-200 ngaphandle kwemingcele, ngokombono wam ipholile kakhulu. Ngokuqinisekileyo oku kukudibanisa.

   Kwaye ngoku iingxaki:

   Isiseko: I-IDE zizinto ezininzi ezizimeleyo eziye zahlula umsebenzi, kwaye ke, xa usebenza kwiprojekthi enye, uya kunyanzeleka ukuba ugcine iifestile ezi-3-4 zivulekile + uncedo + noxwebhu, olungafanelekanga nakwinkqubo yokubeka iliso emininzi. .

   • Imbonakalo ingaphantsi komndilili, ngokungathi ipeyintiwe kwiPaint
   • Uncedo lunqongophele kakhulu
   • Ukusebenza okucinezelekileyo, kubonakala ngokucacileyo xa kumiselwa iintsingiselo kunye neegrafu
   • Umhleli weskripthi ubonakala kwiipikseli, yingakho buhlungu amehlo
   • Ukuseta iithegi zesoftware nako kuluyolo
   • Ukuba ufuna nje ukuzisa iprojekthi kwi-flash drive yokuhlelwa kwenye iPC, oko kunzima kakhulu. Ubume befayile yeprojekthi engaqondakaliyo
   • Abantu abathengisayo bayinxalenye enkulu yobomi bakho, nto leyo ecaphukisayo.

   Umfanekiso: Umhleli wescript esilula

   
   
   Umlinganiselo: 3.0/5 Ukuzaliswa kulungile, akukho phakheji konke konke

5. I-SCADA elula - oku kukhetho lwam, apha ndiya kuba necala, kodwa kunjalo. Umvelisi unikeza ukhetho lwe-2 iintlobo ze-DEMO: Ngomda we-tags yangaphandle ye-64 kunye nokusebenza okuncitshisiweyo kancinane okanye ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo kunye nomda we-Runtime ye-1 yeyure (Emva kokuba iseva ye-SCADA kufuneka iqaliswe kwakhona). Iindleko zekiti yokusabalalisa kwindibano elula kakhulu iqala ukusuka kuma-ruble angama-6900. ngexesha lokubhala.

   
   
   Iinkonzo:

   • Intle kakhulu, zombini i-IDE kunye nolawulo
   • Ulwazi olutyebileyo, yonke into ichazwe ngaphakathi nangaphandle
   • Ukuhlanganiswa okulula kwedatha yeseva ye-OPC
   • Eyona interface ilula, nokuba intuitive
   • Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-DBMS elula
   • Ukumisela umxhasi okude a yi funeki ubukho beprojekthi
   • Ijeneretha enkulu yengxelo
   • Kuzo zonke izinto kukho iminyhadala efana ne-OnClick, OnMouseEnter, njl. Ngokubanzi, i-IDE iyafana nomhleli weDelphi Embarcadero eyenziwe lula, kwaye umhleli weskripthi unengcebiso yesixhobo.

   Umgcini:

   • Akukho luninzi kakhulu ulawulo olunokusetyenziswa (kuyenzeka ukwenza isiko)
   • Kuba i-SCADA iPlag kunye neDlala, ndicinga ukuba kukho imida kunye nokusebenza, kodwa andidibananga.
   • Imizila enephaneli yolawulo epheleleyo (zoom, nqumama, skrola) iboniswa kuphela kwifestile eyahlukileyo
   • Ngokuba ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo ilayisenisi kuya kufuneka ihlawulwe kakuhle (ukusuka kuma-ruble angama-38000 nangaphezulu)

   Umlinganiselo: 4.5/5 Ukuzalisa kulungile, ukupakisha kulungile

Indawo yedatha

Apha ukhetho belulula kakhulu, iSCADA elula ibonelela ngeemveliso ezimbini ezinokusetyenziswa: Umncedisi we-MS SQL kunye ne-MySQL. Owesibini wabonakala esondele kum, kuba ndandikhe ndasebenza naye, ndayeka apho.

Ndiyakwazi ukuqaphela ukuba yonke inkqubo yokugcina i-archive yehla ekufakeni ipakethe esuka kwi-Oracle kunye noqwalaselo lwayo olulula, kwaye emva koko idibanisa ngonqakrazo olunye kwi-SCADA.

Emva koko sikhetha kumphathi wethegi ukuba yintoni oza kuyigcina kwaye yintoni ongayiyo kwaye uyonwabele.

Enkosi nonke ngengqalelo yenu.

Okulandelayo kuza uluhlu lwamanqaku anenkcazo engaguqukiyo yesisombululo kwiingxaki esiye sadibana nazo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukudalwa kwenkqubo yeNyathelo ngeNyathelo.

umthombo: www.habr.com