Kuvunyiwe ngokubanzi ukuba abafundi bafunde ngcono ukuba ezona meko zikhululekileyo zidalelwe oku, kwaye ootitshala bafuna, kodwa banobuhlobo obumangalisayo. Ngaphandle komcebisi olungileyo, ngubani oya kuthandwa nguye wonke umntu, phantse akunakwenzeka ukuba afunde kakuhle izinto kwaye aphumelele iimviwo ngempumelelo, akunjalo? Kufuneka uzithande iindlela zokufundisa, kwaye inkqubo yokufunda kufuneka ivuselele iimvakalelo ezakhayo kakhulu. Ilungile. Kodwa, njengoko izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa, akusoloko kunjalo.
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Ukukhanya kunye nokukhululeka ngakumbi, kungcono
Okukhona kukhululeka kwaye kulula ukufunda, kokukhona ziphezulu iziphumo. Yinyani. Iqinisekiswa ngezifundo eziye zenzeka kumazwe ahlukeneyo - ukusuka e-Iran naseKazakhstan ukuya eRashiya nase-Australia. Wonke umntu uyavumelana noku, kwaye ukungafani kwenkcubeko akunampembelelo ibalulekileyo. Ewe, ngokutsho eqhutywa ngabasebenzi beYunivesithi yeSayensi yezoNyango eIran, intsebenzo, inkuthazo kunye neqondo lokwaneliseka kwabafundi abavela kwinkqubo yemfundo zixhomekeke ngokuthe ngqo kwiimpawu zendawo yemfundo. Ke ngoko, "iinkokeli zefaculty kunye nezifundo kufuneka zibonelele ngeyona ndawo ibalaseleyo yokufunda ngeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zenkxaso zabafundi."
Inkalo ebalulekileyo yendawo yemfundo yile Uvavanyo lweemvakalelo kwizifundo ezifundwe eyunivesithi. Ezo zibonakala “zikruqula” okanye “ezingeyomfuneko” kubafundi zihlala zimbi kakhulu kubo. Iimbono ezigwenxa ngoqeqesho oluthile zichaphazela kakubi ukusebenza kwezemfundo; ilungile - . Abafundi ngokwabo banxibelelanisa ngokuthe ngqo umdla wabo kwizifundo kunye nempumelelo yabo. Ke, iziphumo ezincumisayo kwiminyaka yobudala zinokubonakala rhoqo njengoko umsebenzi osebenzayo kwi-specialty ufumaneka.
Elinye icandelo elibalulekileyo lemeko yemfundo isimo sengqondo ngakubafundisi-ntsapho, ukukwazi kwabo ukukhuthaza abafundi nokubakhuthaza ukuba bafunde. , eqhutywe kwi-Tambov Pedagogical Institute, ibonisa ukuba umgangatho wootitshala ubaluleke kakhulu kubafundi bonyaka wokuqala. “Abafake izicelo izolo banethemba elikhulu kubasebenzi abafundisayo. Bayalixabisa ifuthe layo kwisimo sabo sengqondo ngokufunda. Le yeyona nto inamandla kubo, ”uphawula lo msebenzi. Ootitshala ngokwabo, kubonakala ngathi, ngamanye amaxesha batyekele ekugqithiseni impembelelo yabo kubafundi nakubantwana besikolo - ukusuka kwi-banal "ngaphandle kweentetho zam awuyi kukwazi ukuqonda nantoni na kwisifundo" ukuya kwi-idealistic "abantwana kufuneka bathandwe, kungenjalo baya kukwazi ukuqonda nantoni na? hayi ukufunda.”
Ngale ndlela, umzekelo ongumzekelo yimvakalelo Utitshala waseMelika oneminyaka engama-40 yamava, uRita Pearson. Omnye umntu osebenza naye wakhe wathi, uPearson wathi ngexesha lentetho: “Andihlawulwa ngokuthanda abantwana. Ndiyahlawulwa ukuze ndibafundise. Kwaye kufuneka bafunde. Umbuzo uvaliwe". “Abantwana abafundi kwabo bangabathandiyo,” waphendula uRita Pearson waza waqhwatyelwa izandla kubaphulaphuli.
Kodwa phantse wonke umntu unokukhumbula ukuba bangathandi kangakanani utitshala okanye isifundo eyunivesithi, kodwa iimviwo zahamba kakuhle, kwaye ulwazi lwagcinwa. Ngaba kukho ukuphikisana apha?
Kuyenzeka ukuba ufunde kakuhle "ngokungakwazi"
Utshintsho kwindlela eqhelekileyo yokunikela umbandela nokutshintshela kwezinye iindlela zokufundisa kunokubangela ukunganeliseki, iimvakalelo ezingakhiyo okanye kubangele uxinezeleko. Oku kuyaqondakala: kunzima ukulahla iingcamango eziqhubekayo kwizifundo. Nangona kunjalo, oku akusoloko kukhokelela kwiziphumo ezibi kakhulu. Ukongezelela, iimvakalelo ezakhayo azisoloko zinegalelo kubo.
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Mkhulu yaqhutywa kwiSebe leFiziksi kwiYunivesithi yaseHarvard kule ntwasahlobo. Iindlela zokufunda ezimbini ezisetyenzisiweyo kwiiklasi: kukwenziwa kunye nokusebenza. Uye wajonga isimo sengqondo malunga nenkqubo yemfundo. Kwimeko yokuqala, iintetho zemveli kunye neesemina zabanjwa. Kweyesibini, bekukho iiklasi ezisebenzisanayo kwimowudi yokuphendula imibuzo, kwaye abafundi basombulula iingxaki zokusebenza ngokwamaqela. Indima katitshala yayincinci: wayebuza imibuzo kuphela kwaye enika uncedo. Abantu abali-149 bathathe inxaxheba kuvavanyo.
Uninzi lwabafundi alanelisekanga yifomathi yonxibelelwano. Bacatshukiswe kukunikwa uxanduva lwale nkqubo, bekhalaza besithi bachithe imali eninzi kakhulu xa bethelekisa nokumamela iintetho. Uninzi lwabo lucele ukuba zonke izifundo zifundiswe njengesiqhelo kwixesha elizayo. Inqanaba lombono ongalunganga wenkqubo yemfundo, enqunywe ngokusebenzisa indlela ekhethekileyo, yayingaphezu kwesiqingatha esiphezulu emva kweeklasi eziqhutywe ngendlela esebenzayo kuneyendabuko. Uvavanyo lokugqibela lolwazi lubonise: iziphumo zeeklasi ezisebenzisanayo ziphantse zibe ngama-50% aphezulu. Ngaloo ndlela, nangona imbono engalunganga "yeendlela ezintsha zemfundo," ukusebenza kwezemfundo kuye kwanda kakhulu.
Kakade ke, iimvakalelo ezakhayo ziyafuneka. Kodwa akukho lula ngolo hlobo. Basenokuphazamisa ekufundeni, kwiYunivesithi yaseArizona. Ukongezelela, indima katitshala nendlela athandwa ngayo ayisoloko imisela umgangatho wenkqubo yemfundo. “Abafundi banako kwaye bafunda kubantu abangabathandiyo. Ingqondo yethu ayivaleki kuba sigxeka umntu odlulisela ulwazi kuthi. Andizange ndimthande utitshala wam webhayoloji kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, kodwa ndisakhumbula ukwakheka kweeseli,” UBlake Harvard, PhD, utitshala wezengqondo wesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo e-Alabama.
TL; DR
- Kunokwenzeka ukubonisa iziphumo ezilungileyo kwiimeko ezinzima, umzekelo, ukuba iindlela zokufundisa zijika zingaqhelekanga kwaye zibonwa njengento engafanelekanga kwaye zenze iingxaki ezininzi ezongezelelweyo.
- Ukufunda kuphenjelelwa zizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa neempawu zomfundi ngamnye, ukusuka kwiimpawu zenkqubo ye-nervous ukuya kwinkuthazo kunye nokuzithemba.
- Ewe, unxibelelwano phakathi kokusebenza kwezemfundo kunye nendawo ekhululekileyo eyunivesithi okanye umgangatho wootitshala, ngokubanzi, kubaluleke kakhulu, kodwa oku akuyona into ephambili.
Yintoni enye ekufuneka uyifunde ngesihloko kwibhlog yethu:
umthombo: www.habr.com