Umyalezo oya kumdwelisi wenkqubo wexesha elizayo

Ke, ugqibe ekubeni ube ngumdwelisi wenkqubo.

Mhlawumbi unomdla wokudala into entsha.

Mhlawumbi imivuzo emikhulu iyakuhenda.

Mhlawumbi ufuna nje ukutshintsha intsimi yakho yomsebenzi.

Hayi ingongoma.

Okubalulekileyo kukuba wenze isigqibo ube ngumdwelisi wenkqubo.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni ngoku?

Kwaye kukho iindlela ezininzi.

Eyokuqala: yiya eyunivesithi kwi-IT ekhethekileyo kwaye ufumane imfundo ekhethekileyo. Eyona ndlela inqabileyo, ethembekileyo, inde kakhulu, eyona ndlela isisiseko. Isebenza ukuba usagqiba isikolo, okanye uneendlela zokuzixhasa ukusuka kwesinye nesiqingatha (eyona nto ingcono, ukuba ubambe yonke into kwi-fly kwaye unokuqalisa ukusebenza kunyaka we-2) ukuya kwezine (ukuba udibanisa umsebenzi kunye nokufunda Asiyonto yakho eyomeleleyo ) iminyaka.

Yintoni ebalulekileyo ukuba uyazi apha?

• Kuyimfuneko ukukhetha iyunivesiti eyiyo. Jonga iinkqubo zoqeqesho, ukulinganisa. Isalathisi esilungileyo lukhuphiswano oluvela eyunivesithi. Ukuba amaqela eyunivesiti ubuncinane ngamaxesha athile athatha indawo kwishumi eliphezulu kwiiolympiads zeprogram ezinkulu, ngoko ukubhala ikhowudi eyunivesithi akuyi kuba yinto engaqhelekanga (nangona wena buqu awunakuba nomdla kwiiolympiads kwaphela). Ewe, ngokuqhelekileyo, imithetho eqhelekileyo: akunakwenzeka ukuba isebe leBratsk leYunivesithi yaseBaikal State liyakwenza ukuba ube nesitaki esipheleleyo esinamandla.
  Imizekelo yeeyunivesithi ezilungileyo: IYunivesithi yaseMoscow State / iSt. Petersburg State University (ngokucacileyo), iBaumanka (eMoscow), i-ITMO (eSt. Petersburg), i-NSU (Novosibirsk). Ngaphandle kwabo bonke ubungangamsha babo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ungene kubo ngohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, ukuba awujongi kumasebe aphezulu.
• Hayi nje eyunivesithi. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba uya kuqeqeshwa ngokupheleleyo kuzo zonke iintlobo zezinto, oku akwanelanga. Ngenxa yolawulo lwaseburhulumenteni, inkqubo yoqeqesho iya kuhlala isemva kweendlela zale mihla. Okona kulungileyo - unyaka okanye emibini. Okubi kakhulu - iminyaka emi-5-10. Kuya kufuneka wenze umahluko ngokwakho. Ewe, ngokucacileyo: ukuba ufunda imathiriyeli kunye nabanye abafundi, ke ngamnye kubo uya kuba ngumkhuphisani wakho olinganayo. Ukuba ukhetha ukuphuma phambili, uya kujongeka ungcono kakhulu emarikeni.
• Khangela umsebenzi kwangoko kangangoko. Ndaqala ukusebenza kunyaka wam wesibini. Ukuphela kweyunivesithi, ndandisele ndingumphuhlisi ophakathi, kwaye ndingengomncinane ongenamava. Ndicinga ukuba kuyacaca ukuba emva kokuphumelela ekholejini, ukufumana i-100k kumnandi kunokufumana i-30k. Indlela yokuphumeza oku? Okokuqala, bona amanqaku A kunye no-B. Okwesibini, yiya kwiintlanganiso, kwiminyhadala, kwiinkomfa, kwimiboniso yemisebenzi. Beka iliso kwimarike kwaye uzame ukufumana umsebenzi njengomfundi wethutyana/ongumqeshwa kuyo nayiphi na inkampani okulungeleyo kuyo. Musa ukoyika iinkomfa ezihlawulwayo: bahlala benikela izaphulelo ezintle kakhulu kubafundi.

Ukuba ulandela zonke ezi ngongoma, ngoko ngeli xesha ufumana idiploma yakho, unokuba yingcali elungileyo kakhulu enamava omsebenzi kunye nobutyebi bolwazi olusisiseko, abathi abantu abazifundisayo bahlala bengahoywa ngenxa yesimo sabo esingasetyenziswanga. Ewe, i-crust inokunceda ukuba uya phesheya: bajonga oku rhoqo apho.

Ukuba awuthobeli ... Ewe, unokufumana amanqaku ngokuhamba kunye nokuhamba, ukukopisha nokulungiselela iimviwo ngobusuku. Kodwa ucinga ukuba uya kukhuphisana kangakanani ngelo xesha? Ewe kunjalo, anditsho ukuba kufuneka ufumane ii-A kuyo yonke into. Kufuneka nje ufumane ulwazi. Sebenzisa ingqiqo. Funda into enomdla kwaye iluncedo, kwaye ungakhathali ngamabakala.

Eyona nto iphambili ayisiyiyo le nto bazama ukuyityhala kuwe. Into ephambili yinto enomdla kunye nefanelekileyo

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Okulandelayo, indlela yesibini: izifundo zokucwangcisa. I-Intanethi igcwele ngokupheleleyo izibonelelo ezikwenza ube mncinci kwiinyanga nje ezi-3 zeeklasi. Ngepotfoliyo nje, kwaye baya kukunceda ufumane umsebenzi. I-10k nje ngenyanga, ewe.
Mhlawumbi oku kuya kusebenzela abanye, kodwa i-IMHO kuphela: le yi-bullshit epheleleyo. Musa ukuchitha ixesha kunye nemali yakho. Kwaye kungenxa yoko:

Umntu okude ne-IT akayi kukwazi ukuqonda iinkcukacha ezithile zomsebenzi kwiinyanga ze-3. Akukho ndlela kwaphela. Kukho ulwazi oluninzi kakhulu olunokufunxa, luninzi kakhulu ukuba luqondwe, kwaye ngaphezu koko, lukhulu kakhulu ukuba uqhelane nalo.

Emva koko bazakuthengisela ntoni? Baza kukuthengisa "isakhono soomatshini". Ngaphandle kokujonga kakhulu kwiinkcukacha, baya kukubonisa into ekufuneka uyibhale ukuze ufumane esi siphumo. Ngemiyalelo eneenkcukacha kunye noncedo lomfundisi, uya kubhala uhlobo oluthile lwesicelo. Inye, zimbini ezona zininzi. Nantsi ipotfoliyo. Kwaye uncedo ekufumaneni umsebenzi kukuthumela izithuba zemisebenzi kubantu abancinci abasuka kwiinkampani ezinkulu apho kungenakwenzeka ukuba ufumane udliwano-ndlebe.

Kutheni kunjalo nje? Ilula: kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umdwelisi wenkqubo acinge ngokungekho ngqiqweni. Umdwebi wenkqubo usombulula iingxaki ezinokusonjululwa kwiibhiliyoni ngeendlela ezinokwenzeka. Kwaye umsebenzi oyintloko kukukhetha enye, eyona ichanekileyo, kwiibhiliyoni, kwaye uyiphumeze. Ukwenza iprojekthi enye okanye ezimbini ngokwemiyalelo kuya kukunika ulwazi oluthile lolwimi lwenkqubo, kodwa akuyi kukufundisa indlela yokusombulula iingxaki ezingabonakaliyo. Ukuzoba isifaniso: khawufane ucinge ukuba bathembisa ukukufundisa ukuqhelanisa, bahambe nawe ngeendlela ezimbalwa ezilula zokuhamba, emva koko uthi ulungele ukoyisa i-taiga ebusika kuphela. Kaloku, yintoni, wafundiswa ukusebenzisa ikhampasi nokubasa umlilo ngaphandle kwematshisi.

Ukushwankathela: ungakholelwa abo bathembisa "ukukuqengqela" ngexesha elifutshane. Ukuba oku bekunokwenzeka, wonke umntu ngekudala waba ngabacwangcisi benkqubo.

Ekhohlo: Uzofundiswa ntoni. Mpo:Kuzofuneka ntoni emsebenzini?

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Indlela yesithathu - indlela ekhethwe sisininzi. Ukuzifundisa.

Eyona ndlela inzima, kodwa mhlawumbi eyona ndlela ibalaseleyo. Makhe siyijonge ngakumbi.

Ngoko ugqibe ekubeni ube ngumdwelisi wenkqubo. Ndiqale ngaphi?

Okokuqala, kufuneka uphendule lo mbuzo: kutheni ufuna oku? Ukuba impendulo ithi "Ewe, ayiniki mdla kakhulu, kodwa bahlawula kakhulu", ngoko unokuma apho. Asiyondawo yakho le. Nokuba amandla akho anele ukuhluza iqela lolwazi, bhala amawaka emigca yekhowudi, unyamezele amakhulu eentsilelo, kwaye ufumane umsebenzi, ngenxa yoko, ngaphandle kokuthanda umsebenzi, oku kuya kukhokelela ekudinweni ngokweemvakalelo. Ukucwangcisa kufuna isixa esikhulu somgudu wobukrelekrele, kwaye ukuba ezi nzame aziphenjelelwa kukubuya ngokweemvakalelo ngendlela yokwaneliseka kwengxaki esonjululweyo, kungekudala ingqondo iyakuphambana kwaye ikuhluthe amandla okusombulula nantoni na. . Ayiyiyo eyona meko imnandi.

Ukuba uqinisekile ukuba unomdla kule nto, ngoko unokugqiba kwiinkcukacha-yintoni kanye ofuna ukuyenza. Ukuba awuyazi indlela abadwelisi benkqubo abanokwahluka ngayo omnye komnye, uGoogle unokukunceda.

Ndiza kubhala isiluleko sokuqala kwangoko ukuze ungalibali: funda isiNgesi. IsiNgesi siyafuneka. Awunakuya naphi na ngaphandle kwesiNgesi. Akho ndlela yimbi. Ngaphandle kwesiNgesi awunakuba ngumdwelisi wenkqubo oqhelekileyo. Yiyo leyo.

Emva koko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uzobe imephu yendlela: isicwangciso oza kuphuhlisa ngaso. Funda iinkcukacha ezithile, jonga izithuba kwi-specialty yakho, fumanisa ukuba luhlobo luni lwetekhnoloji olusetyenziswa apho.

Umzekelo wemephu yendlela yomdwelisi we-backend (hayi yakhe wonke umntu, ewe, le yenye yeenketho ezinokwenzeka):

1. Iziseko ze-html/css.
2. Inhlwathi. Iziseko.
3. Inkqubo yenethiwekhi. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-python kunye newebhu.
4. Izikhokelo zophuhliso. Django, iflaski. (phawula: ukuqonda nje ukuba luhlobo luni lwe "django" kunye ne "flask", kufuneka ujonge izithuba kwaye ufunde oko kufunekayo apho)
5. Uphononongo olunzulu lwepython.
6. js iziseko.

Oku kakhulu, ndiyaphinda, kakhulu isicwangciso esibi, ngalinye lamanqaku alo likhulu ngokwalo, kwaye izihloko ezininzi azifakwanga (umzekelo, uvavanyo lwekhowudi). Kodwa oku luhlobo oluthile lwe-systematization yolwazi oluya kukuvumela ukuba ungabhideki malunga nento oyaziyo kunye nento ongakwaziyo. Njengoko sifunda, kuya kucaca ngakumbi ukuba yintoni engekhoyo, kwaye le mephu yendlela iya kongezelelwa.

Okulandelayo: fumana izixhobo oza kuzisebenzisa xa ufunda. Iinketho eziphambili ezinokubakho:

• Izifundo ze-Intanethi. Ayizizo ezo zifundo "ngoJuni ngeentsuku ezi-3", kodwa ezo zifundisa into ethile. Amaxesha amaninzi ezi zifundo zisimahla. Imizekelo yeziza ezinezifundo eziqhelekileyo: stepik, Inkundla.
• Iincwadi zezifundo ezikwi-Intanethi. Kukho simahla, ishareware, ihlawulwe. Uya kuzicingela ngokwakho ukuba ubhatale phi kwaye ungayibhatala phi. Imizekelo: htmlakhademi, funda.javascript.ru, incwadi ye-django.
• Iincwadi. Zininzi, zininzi zazo. Ukuba awukwazi ukukhetha, iingcebiso ezintathu: zama ukuthatha iincwadi ezintsha, kuba ... ulwazi luphelelwa lixesha ngokukhawuleza; Indlu yopapasho ye-O'Reilly inomgangatho ophezulu ngokufanelekileyo kunye nomboniso oqhelekileyo; Ukuba kunokwenzeka, funda ngesiNgesi.
• Iindibano/iinkomfa/iintetho. Ayiloncedo kangako malunga nobutyebi bolwazi, kodwa iluncedo kakhulu malunga nethuba lokunxibelelana nabalingane, ukubuza imibuzo efanelekileyo, kunye nokwenza abahlobo abatsha. Mhlawumbi ufumane nesithuba.
• Uphando. Abantu abaninzi bajongela phantsi, kodwa ukukwazi ukufumana iimpendulo kwimibuzo ethile kubaluleke kakhulu. Zive ukhululekile kwizinto zikaGoogle ongaziqondiyo. Nabantu abadala abanamava bayayenza le nto. Ukukwazi ukufumana ngokukhawuleza ulwazi malunga nento ngokusisiseko kuyafana nokuyazi.

Kulungile, siye sagqiba kwimithombo yolwazi. Indlela yokusebenza nabo?

1. Funda/mamela ngenyameko. Musa ukufunda xa udiniwe. Gxininisa kwintsingiselo, musa ukutsiba iingongoma ezibonakala zicacile. Ngokufuthi utshintsho olusuka kwinto ecacileyo lusiya kokungaqondakaliyo lwenzeka ngokukhawuleza. Zive ukhululekile ukuba ubuyele kwaye ufunde kwakhona.
2. Thatha umqaphela. Okokuqala, kuya kuba lula kuwe ukuba uqonde amanqaku akho xa kukho ulwazi oluninzi. Okwesibini, ngale ndlela ulwazi lufunxwa ngcono.
3. Yenza yonke imisebenzi ecetyiswe ngumthombo kuwe. Nangona hayi, akunjalo. Yenza ZONKE imisebenzi oyinikwa ngumthombo. Kwanabo babonakala belula. Ingakumbi ezo zibonakala zintsonkothile kakhulu. Ukuba ubambekile, cela uncedo ukugcwala kokugcwala, noko ngetoliki kaGoogle. Izabelo zibhalwa ngenxa yesizathu; ziyafuneka ukuze kwandiswe kakuhle imathiriyeli.
4. Yiza nemisebenzi ngokwakho kwaye wenze nayo. Ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka kubekho ukuziqhelanisa ngakumbi kunethiyori. Okukhona uqinisa ngokuqinileyo izinto eziphathekayo, kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba ngenyanga awuyi kukulibala.
5. Ukuzikhethela: zenzele iikhwizi njengokuba ufunda. Bhala phantsi imibuzo enobuqili kumthombo owahlukileyo, kwaye emva kweveki okanye inyanga, funda kwaye uzame ukuphendula. Ukuba ayisebenzi, zama kwakhona.

Kwaye siphinda la manqaku ama-5 kwitekhnoloji nganye efundwayo. Kungale ndlela kuphela (ngophononongo olucokisekileyo lwethiyori kunye nokugubungela okuxineneyo kokusebenza) uya kuphuhlisa isiseko solwazi esikumgangatho ophezulu onokuthi ube yingcali.

Kwaye kubonakala ngathi yonke into ilula: sifunda itekhnoloji nganye nganye, ukuqonda iZen, kwaye uye emsebenzini. Kunjalo, kodwa akunjalo.

Uninzi lwabantu abafunda inkqubo bahamba ngolu hlobo:

umfanekiso ubiwe ngokunyanisekileyo kusuka apha

Kwaye apha kufuneka ujonge inyathelo ngalinye ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi:

Qala: Awunalwazi. Indawo yokusuka. Akukho nto icacileyo okwangoku, kodwa inomdla kakhulu. Indlela iqala ukunyuka, kodwa kancinci. Kungekudala uza kukhwela

Incopho yobudenge: “Khawuleza, uzigqibile izifundo zakho ezimbalwa zokuqala! Yonke into ilungile! ” Kweli nqanaba, uvuyo oluvela kwimpumelelo yokuqala lumfamekisa amehlo. Kubonakala ngathi impumelelo sele isondele, nangona usesekuqaleni kohambo lwakho. Kwaye ngelixa uzama le mpumelelo, usenokungaboni ukuba kuya kuqala njani ukuwa kwakho emhadini. Kwaye igama lalo mngxuma:

Intlambo yokuphelelwa lithemba: Ngoko ugqibile izifundo ezisisiseko, funda ezinye iincwadi kwaye uthathe isigqibo sokuba uqale ukubhala into yakho. Kwaye ngequbuliso ayisebenzi. Kubonakala ngathi yonke into iyaziwa, kodwa indlela yokudibanisa ukuze isebenze ayicacanga. "Andazi nto", "Andizukuphumelela". Kweli nqanaba abantu abaninzi bayanikezela. Enyanisweni, ulwazi lukho ngokwenene, yaye aluzange lube ngumphunga naphi na. Iimfuno ezicacileyo kunye nenkxaso yavele yathi shwaka. Inkqubo yokwenyani yaqala. Xa kufuneka uqhube kwindawo apho kukho injongo, kodwa kungekho zigaba ziphakathi, abantu abaninzi bawela kwi-stupor. Kodwa eneneni, esi sesinye isigaba sokufunda - nokuba amaxesha alishumi okuqala yonke into iyenzeka ngandlela thile, ngomgudu omkhulu, kubi. Eyona nto iphambili kukuzisa umba ukuba ugqitywe ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ubuncinane ngandlela ithile. Ixesha leshumi elinanye izinto ziya kuba lula. Ngomhla wamashumi amahlanu, isisombululo siya kubonakala sihle kuwe. Kwikhulu lekhulu ayisayi kuphinda yoyike. Kwaye ke iya kuza

Ukuthambeka koKhanya: Kweli nqanaba, imida yolwazi lwakho kunye nokungazi kwakho kuvela ngokucacileyo. Ukungazi akusoyikisi, kukho ukuqonda indlela yokoyisa. Kuya kuba lula ukuqhuba esithubeni ngaphandle kwezigqibo. Lo sele ungowokugqibela. Sele uqonda into osweleyo njengengcali, uya kugqiba kwaye udibanise oko kuyimfuneko kwaye ungene kwintsimi ngomphefumlo ozolileyo.

IThafa loZinzo: Siyavuyisana nawe. Lo ngumgca wokugqibela. Uyingcali. Unokusebenza, awuyi kulahleka xa ujongene neteknoloji engaqhelekanga. Phantse nayiphi na ingxaki inokoyiswa ukuba wenza umgudu owaneleyo. Kwaye nangona oku kukuphela komgca, sisiqalo nje sohambo olukhulu ngakumbi.

Umendo womdwelisi.

Ithamsanqa ngale nto!

Uncwadi lokufunda ngokuzithandela:
Malunga nokuba ngumdwelisi wenkqubo kunye nesiphumo sikaDunning-Kruger: qhwaba.
Indlela enzima yokuba ngumdwelisi kwiinyanga ezili-9 (ezingafanelanga wonke umntu): qhwaba.
Uluhlu lweeprojekthi onokuthi uziphumeze ngokuzimeleyo ngexesha lezifundo zakho: qhwaba.
Inkuthazo nje encinci eyongezelelweyo: qhwaba.

umthombo: www.habr.com