Ukuvavanya ubuchule kusetyenziswa iimvavanyo - kutheni kwaye njani

Kwinqaku lakhe Ndajonga iindlela ze-7 zokuvavanya ngokukhawuleza ubuchule beengcali ze-IT, ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ngaphambi kokuqhuba udliwano-ndlebe olukhulu, olunamandla kunye nexesha elide. Emva koko ndavakalisa uvelwano lwam kwiimvavanyo ezisikelwe ixesha. Kweli nqaku ndiya kugubungela isihloko sovavanyo ngokubanzi.

Iimvavanyo zexesha elilinganiselweyo sisixhobo sehlabathi lonke esilungele ngokufanelekileyo ukuvavanya ulwazi kunye nezakhono ezisebenzayo zaso nasiphi na ingcali kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi.

Ke, umsebenzi ngulo - sinothotho lweempendulo zabaviwa kwisithuba, kufuneka sifumane ngokukhawuleza nangokulula ulwazi olongezelelweyo malunga nezakhono zabaviwa kunye nokuthobela kwabo iimfuno zesithuba sethu. Sifuna ukuqinisekiswa kobuchule babaviwa ukuba kungathathi ixesha lethu elininzi, ukuba kuthembeke kakhulu kwaye kube lula kubagqatswa ukuze bavume ukungena kuqinisekiso lwethu.

Isisombululo esilungileyo sale ngxaki luvavanyo olufutshane olunexesha elilinganiselweyo. Asiloxesha lokuqalisa kovavanyo elilinganiselweyo, kodwa lixesha apho umviwa kufuneka aphendule imibuzo. Umzekelo oqhelekileyo wovavanyo olunjalo luvavanyo lwemithetho yendlela, oluyinqanaba lokuqala loviwo lokufumana ilayisenisi yokuqhuba. Kufuneka uphendule imibuzo engama-20 kwimizuzu engama-20.

Ingcamango ethile

Kwinqaku elandulela eli Ndathetha ngemodeli ye-hybrid ye-Homo sapiens yokwenza izigqibo ezicetyiswe nguDaniel Kahneman kunye noogxa bakhe. Ngokwalo mbono, ukuziphatha komntu kulawulwa ziinkqubo ezimbini ezisebenzisanayo zokwenza izigqibo. Inkqubo ye-1 ikhawuleza kwaye izenzekelayo, iqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomzimba kwaye ayifuni mzamo omkhulu wokuqulunqa isisombululo. Le nkqubo ifunda ngokusekelwe kumava afunyanwa ngumntu ubomi bakhe bonke. Ukuchaneka kwezigqibo zale nkqubo kuxhomekeke kumava kunye noqeqesho lomntu, kwaye isantya sixhomekeke kwiimpawu zenkqubo ye-nervous yomntu. Inkqubo yesi-2 iyacotha kwaye ifuna umgudu kunye noxinzelelo. Usinika ingqiqo entsonkothileyo kunye nokuthelekelela okunengqiqo, umsebenzi wakhe utyhila amandla obukrelekrele bomntu. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwale nkqubo kudla kakhulu izixhobo - amandla kunye nengqalelo. Ke ngoko, uninzi lwezigqibo zenziwa yiNkqubo yoku-1 - yile ndlela yokuziphatha komntu iba nempumelelo ngakumbi. I-System 1 ithatha ixesha elide ukufunda ngenxa yemizamo eyenziwa yi-System 2, kodwa ke inika iimpendulo ezizenzekelayo ezikhawulezayo. Inkqubo yesi-2 sisisombululi sengxaki esisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi, kodwa iyacotha kwaye idinwa ngokukhawuleza. Kunokwenzeka ukuba "ukumpompa" iNkqubo yesi-2, kodwa imida yokuphucula okunokwenzeka ithobeke kakhulu kwaye ithatha ixesha elide kwaye ifuna umgudu onzima. “Uphuculo” Inkqubo yoku-1 ifuneka kakhulu kwibutho labantu.

Ndithatha uvavanyo olunexesha elilinganiselweyo njengeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuvavanya amandla eNkqubo yoku-1 yomntu othile kwindawo ethile yolwazi. Xa lugqityiwe, uvavanyo lukuvumela ukuba uvavanye ngokukhawuleza kwaye uthelekise inani elikhulu labaviwa. Esi sisixhobo sokwenza idijithali ulawulo lolwazi kunye nezakhono.

Indlela yokwenza uvavanyo oluhle?

Injongo yovavanyo oluyilwe kakuhle kukumisela inqanaba apho umviwa aqeqeshelwa khona kwiNkqubo 1 yolwazi kunye nezakhono ozidingayo. Ukudala uvavanyo olunjalo, kufuneka uqale wenze isigqibo malunga nezihloko kunye nezakhono ezifunekayo, uze udale imibuzo kunye neempendulo zokukhetha.

Ke, nantsi indlela yam yokulungiselela uvavanyo oluvavanya ngokuchanekileyo nangokufanelekileyo ulwazi lomviwa kunye nezakhono:

1. Imibuzo neempendulo ezikhethiweyo kufuneka zibe lula. Mhlawumbi uyayazi impendulo eyiyo okanye akuyazi. Akufanele ubandakanye imfuno yokuqiqa okunzima kunye nokubala kuvavanyo.
2. Uvavanyo kufuneka lugqitywe ngexesha eliqingqiweyo. Ungade unciphise ixesha ocinga ngalo ngempendulo nganye. Ukuba umviwa akakwazi ukwenza isigqibo ngempendulo ngaphakathi, yithi, imizuzwana engama-30, ngoko akunakwenzeka ukuba ukucinga okude kuya kumnceda. Kufuneka kube nzima kuGoogle impendulo echanekileyo kwimizuzwana engama-30.
3. Imibuzo kufuneka ibe malunga neenkqubo ezifuneka ngokwenene emsebenzini - hayi izinto ezicingelwayo kunye nethiyori, kodwa zenziwe kuphela.
4. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ube nemibuzo emininzi kwisihloko ngasinye esincinci. Le mibuzo inokwahluka kubaviwa abahlukeneyo (oku kuyafana neenguqulelo ezahlukeneyo zeemvavanyo ezisesikolweni) okanye zonke zibekho kuhlelo olude lovavanyo.
5. Inani lemibuzo kunye nexesha lokugqiba uvavanyo kufuneka liqhagamshelwe ngokungqongqo. Linganisa ukuba kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukufunda imibuzo kunye neempendulo onokukhetha kuzo. Yongeza kweli xesha imizuzwana eyi-10 ukuya kwengama-20 kumbuzo ngamnye – eli lixesha lokucinga nokukhetha impendulo.
6. Kucetyiswa ukuba uzame uvavanyo kubasebenzi bakho kwaye urekhode ixesha lokugqiba kwabo ukuze umisele ixesha elaneleyo lokuba abaviwa balugqibe uvavanyo.
7. Ubungakanani bovavanyo buxhomekeke kwinjongo yokusetyenziswa kwayo. Uvavanyo lokuqala lobuchule, ngokombono wam, imibuzo eyi-10-30 enomda wexesha lemizuzu emi-5-15 yanele. Ukuxilongwa kwezakhono ezineenkcukacha, iimvavanyo ezihlala imizuzu engama-30-45 kwaye ziqulethe imibuzo engama-50-100 zifanelekile.

Njengomzekelo, nalu uvavanyo endilwenzileyo kwaye ndilusebenzisile kutshanje xa ndikhetha abagqatswa kwisikhundla somqeshi we-IT. Imizuzu emi-6 yabelwa ukugqiba uvavanyo, ixesha lalilawulwa ngesandla nangengqawule. Bonke abaviwa abavavanyiweyo badibana ngeli xesha. Kwandithatha imizuzu engama-30 ukugqiba uvavanyo. docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfL2pUZob2Xq-1taJPwaB2rUifbdKWK4Mk0VREKp5yUZhTQXA/viewform

Unokuluthatha uvavanyo kwaye ekugqibeleni ungabona apho wenze khona impazamo. Xa abaviwa besenza olu vavanyo, abazange baboniswe naziphi na iimpazamo; kamva sazilungisa iimpazamo ngexesha lodliwano-ndlebe nabaviwa abangenzanga ngaphezu kweempazamo ezintathu.

Zixhobo

Ngoku ndenza iimvavanyo kunye novavanyo ndisebenzisa iiFom zikaGoogle - sisixhobo esilula, esiluncedo, esisebenzayo nesisimahla. Nangona kunjalo, andinamsebenzi wokubiza iiFom zikaGoogle sisixhobo esilungileyo sokwenza iimvavanyo. Ezona zikhalazo zam malunga neeFom zikaGoogle:

1. Akukho ngxelo kunye nolawulo lwexesha elichithwe kokubini kuvavanyo lonke nakumbuzo ngamnye. Oku kunika ulwazi olungaphezulu malunga nokuziphatha komviwa ngexesha lovavanyo.
2. Kuba iiFomu zikaGoogle zingenzelwanga uvavanyo ngokungagqibekanga, iindlela ezininzi zokhetho ezibalulekileyo kuvavanyo (umzekelo, “impendulo yombuzo iyafuneka” kunye “nokutshixa iimpendulo”) kufuneka zicofe kumbuzo ngamnye-ofuna ixesha nengqalelo. Ukuze umbuzo ngamnye ubuzwe kwisikrini esahlukileyo, kufuneka udale amacandelo ahlukeneyo kumbuzo ngamnye, kwaye oku kukhokelela kwinani elikhulu lokucofa okongeziweyo.
3. Ukuba ufuna ukwenza uvavanyo olutsha njengendibaniselwano yamaqhekeza ukusuka kwiimvavanyo ezininzi ezikhoyo (umzekelo, uvavanyo lomphuhlisi ogcweleyo ludityaniswe kwinxalenye yemibuzo ye-frontend kunye ne-backend kulwimi oluthile), ngoko kufuneka phinda imibuzo ngesandla. Akukho ndlela yokukhetha nokukopa amacandelo amaninzi okanye imibuzo kwenye ifom.

Oogxa, ukuba uyazazi izisombululo ezingcono kakhulu zokudala iimvavanyo, nceda ubhale ngazo kwizimvo.

umthombo: www.habr.com