Ukukhutshwa kwe-PostgreSQL 12 DBMS

Emva konyaka wophuhliso ipapashiwe isebe elitsha elizinzileyo le-PostgreSQL 12 Uhlaziyo lwesebe elitsha iza kuphuma iminyaka emihlanu ukuya kutsho ngoNovemba ka-2024.

Siseko ezintsha:

• Inkxaso eyongeziweyo "iikholamu ezenziweyo", ixabiso elibalwa ngokusekwe kwintetho egquma amaxabiso ezinye iikholamu kwitheyibhile enye (efana neemboniselo, kodwa kwikholamu nganye). Iikholomu ezenziweyo zinokuba ziindidi ezimbini - ezigciniweyo kunye nenyani. Kwimeko yokuqala, ixabiso libalwe ngexesha ledatha yongezwa okanye itshintshiwe, kwaye kwimeko yesibini, ixabiso libalwe kwisifundo ngasinye ngokusekelwe kwimeko yangoku yezinye iikholamu. Okwangoku, iPostgreSQL ixhasa kuphela iikholamu ezenziweyo ezigciniweyo;
• Yongeza ukukwazi ukubuza idatha evela kumaxwebhu e-JSON usebenzisa Indlela amabinzana, okukhumbuzayo XPath kwaye ichazwe kumgangatho weSQL/JSON. Iindlela zesalathiso ezikhoyo zisetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokusetyenzwa kwaloo mazwi kumaxwebhu agcinwe kwifomathi ye-JSONB;
• Ukwenza ngokungagqibekanga kukusetyenziswa komqokeleli weJIT (Nje-ngexesha) esekwe kuphuhliso lweLLVM ukukhawulezisa ukuphunyezwa kwamanye amabinzana ngexesha lokuqhubeka kombuzo weSQL. Umzekelo, i-JIT isetyenziselwa ukukhawulezisa uzalisekiso lwezibonakalisi ngaphakathi WHERE iibhloko, uluhlu lwethagethi, iintetho ezidityanisiweyo, kunye nemisebenzi ethile yangaphakathi;
• Ukusebenza kwesalathisi kuphuculwe kakhulu. Izalathi ze-B-tree zilungiselelwe ukuba zisebenze kwiindawo apho i-indexes zitshintsha rhoqo - iimvavanyo ze-TPC-C zibonisa ukwanda ngokubanzi ekusebenzeni kunye nokunciphisa okuphakathi kokusetyenziswa kwendawo yediski ye-40%. I-overhead ecuthiweyo xa kusenziwa i-log-ahead log (WAL) ye-GiST, i-GIN kunye neentlobo zesalathisi se-SP-GIST. Kwi-GiST, ukukwazi ukwenza izalathisi ze-wrapper (ngokusebenzisa i-INCLUDE expression) ebandakanya iikholamu ezongezelelweyo zongeziwe. Iyasebenza YENZA IINKCUKACHA Ibonelela ngenkxaso yeenkcukacha-manani ze-Most Common Value (MCV) ukuze kuveliswe izicwangciso zemibuzo egqwesileyo xa usebenzisa iikholamu ezingasasazwanga ngokulinganayo;
• Ukuphunyezwa kokwahlula kulungiselelwe imibuzo ethe xhaxhe kwiitheyibhile ezinamawaka ezahlulo, kodwa zilinganiselwe ekukhetheni iseti esezantsi yedatha. Ukusebenza kwongezwa kwedatha kwiitheyibhile ezicandiweyo usebenzisa i-INSERT kunye ne-COPY imisebenzi yandisiwe, kwaye kunokwenzeka kwakhona ukongeza amacandelo amatsha ngokuthi "ALTER TABLE ATTACH PARTITION" ngaphandle kokuthintela ukuphunyezwa kombuzo;
• Inkxaso eyongeziweyo yolwandiso oluzenzekelayo lwangaphakathi lwentetho yetafile ngokubanzi (Inkcazo yeTheyibhile eqhelekileyo, CTE) evumela ukusetyenziswa kweeseti zeziphumo ezichaziweyo zexeshana ezichazwe kusetyenziswa i- WITH statement. Ukuhanjiswa kwe-inline kunokuphucula ukusebenza kwemibuzo emininzi, kodwa okwangoku isetyenziselwa kuphela ii-CTE ezingaphindi zibuyele;
• Inkxaso eyongeziweyo non-deterministic iipropathi ze "Collation" locale, ekuvumela ukuba umisele imithetho yokhetho kunye neendlela zokuthelekisa uthathela ingqalelo intsingiselo yabalinganiswa (umzekelo, xa uhlela amaxabiso edijithali, ubukho bothabatha kunye nechaphaza phambi kwenani kunye neendidi ezahlukeneyo. kopelo kuthathelwa ingqalelo, kwaye xa kuthelekiswa, imeko yabalinganiswa kunye nobukho bophawu lwesivakalisi akuthathelwa ngqalelo);
• Inkxaso eyongeziweyo yokuqinisekisa umthengi wezinto ezininzi, apho kwi-pg_hba.conf unokudibanisa uqinisekiso lwesatifikethi se-SSL (umxhasi=qinisekisa-sigcwele) kunye nendlela yokuqinisekisa eyongezelelweyo efana ne-scram-sha-256 yokuqinisekisa;
• Inkxaso eyongeziweyo yoguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo lwetshaneli yonxibelelwano xa kuqinisekiswa nge GSSAPI, zombini kwicala lomxhasi nakwicala lomncedisi;
• Inkxaso eyongeziweyo yokumisela iiseva ze-LDAP ezisekwe kwiirekhodi ze-“DNS SRV” ukuba i-PostgreSQL yakhiwe nge-OpenLDAP;
• Umsebenzi wongeziweyo "REINDEX NGAXENYE»ukwakha kwakhona izalathisi ngaphandle kokuvala imisebenzi yokubhala kwisalathiso;
• Umyalelo wongeziweyo pg_checksums, ekuvumela ukuba wenze okanye ukhubaze ukutshekishwa kwamaphepha edatha kwisiseko sedatha esisele sikhona (ngaphambili lo msebenzi ubuxhaswe kuphela ngexesha lokuqaliswa kwesiseko sedatha);
• Ukunikezelwa kwesiphumo sesalathisi senkqubela phambili yemisebenzi YENZA ISIKHOKELO, REINDEX, CLUSTER, VACUUM FULL kunye pg_checksums;
• Umyalelo wongeziweyo "YENZA INDLELA YOKUFIKELELA»ukudibanisa abaphathi kwiindlela ezintsha zokugcina itafile elungiselelwe imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ethile. Okwangoku ekuphela kwendlela yokufikelela kwitafile eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi yi-"mfumba";
• Ifayile yoqwalaselo ye recovery.conf idityaniswe ne postgresql.conf. Njengezibonakaliso zenguqu ukuya kwimeko yokubuyisela emva kokusilela, ngoku kufanele sebenzisa i-recovery.signal kunye ne-standby.signal iifayile.

umthombo: opennet.ru