INkomfa kaWonke-wonke yoMbindi kunye neMilinganiselo igqibe kwelokuba ilumise ungqamaniso lwamaxesha ngamaxesha eewotshi zeathom ezisalathisayo kunye nexesha le-Astronomical yoMhlaba, ubuncinci ukuqala ngo-2035. Ngenxa ye-inhomogeneity yokujikeleza koMhlaba, iiwotshi zeenkwenkwezi zisemva kancinane kwireferensi, kunye nokulungelelanisa ixesha elichanekileyo, ukususela ngo-1972, iiwotshi ze-athomu ziye zanqunyanyiswa okwesibini emva kweminyaka embalwa, ngokukhawuleza ukuba umehluko phakathi kwereferensi kunye neenkwenkwezi. ixesha lifike kwi-0.9 imizuzwana (uhlengahlengiso lokugqibela olunjalo lwaluyiminyaka eyi-8 emva). Ukususela kwi-2035, ulungelelwaniso luya kumisa kwaye umehluko phakathi kwe-Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) kunye nexesha le-astronomical (UT1, lithetha ixesha lelanga) liya kuqokelela.
Umba wokuphelisa ukongezwa kwesibini esongezelelweyo uye waxoxwa kwi-International Bureau of Weights and Measures ukususela ngo-2005, kodwa isigqibo siye salibaziseka. Ngexesha elide, ukujikeleza kwentshukumo yomhlaba ngokuthe ngcembe kuncipha ngenxa yempembelelo yobunzima beNyanga kunye nekhefu phakathi kolungelelwaniso liyancipha ngokuhamba kwexesha, umzekelo, ukuba i-dynamics ibigcinwe emva kweminyaka engama-2000, isibini esitsha bekuya kufuneka yongezwa nyanga zonke. Ngelo xesha, ukuphambuka kwiiparameters zokujikeleza koMhlaba ku-random kwindalo kwaye kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo i-dynamics ishintshile kwaye umbuzo uye wavela ngesidingo sokungafaki, kodwa ukukhupha isibini esongezelelweyo.
Njengenye indlela yokulungelelaniswa kwesibini-yesibini, ukulungelelaniswa okunokwenzeka kuqwalaselwa xa utshintsho luqokelela umzuzu we-1 okanye i-1 iyure, eya kufuna ukulungiswa kwexesha kwiinkulungwane ezimbalwa. Isigqibo sokugqibela malunga nendlela yolungelelwaniso olongezelelweyo lucetywa ukwenziwa ngaphambi kwe2026.
Isigqibo sokunqumamisa ulungelelwaniso lwesibini ngesibini lubangelwa kukungaphumeleli okuninzi kwiinkqubo zesoftware ngenxa yokuba ngexesha longqamaniso, imizuzwana engama-61 yavela kwenye yemizuzu. Kwi-2012, ungqamaniso olunjalo lukhokelela ekungaphumelelini okukhulu kwiinkqubo zeseva ezilungiselelwe ukulungelelanisa ixesha elichanekileyo kusetyenziswa i-NTP protocol. Ngenxa yokungakwazi kwabo ukuphatha ukubonakala kwesibini esongezelelweyo, ezinye iinkqubo zangena kwi-loops kwaye zaqala ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezingeyomfuneko ze-CPU. Kulungelelwaniso olulandelayo, olwenzeka ngo-2015, kuya kubonakala ngathi amava abuhlungu adlulileyo athathelwa ingqalelo, kodwa kwi-Linux kernel, ngexesha lovavanyo lwangaphambili, impazamo yafunyanwa (ilungiswe ngaphambi kolungelelwaniso), eyakhokelela ekusebenzeni kwabanye. izibali-xesha okwesibini phambi kweshedyuli.
Kuba uninzi lweeseva zikawonke-wonke ze-NTP ziqhubeka nokunikezela okwesibini okongeziweyo njengoko kunjalo, ngaphandle kokuyifiphaza ibe kuluhlu lwamathuba, ungqamaniso ngalunye lwewotshi yereferensi lubonwa njengengxakeko engalindelekanga, enokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezingalindelekanga (ngexesha ukusukela okokugqibela). ukuvumelanisa, banexesha lokulibala malunga nengxaki kwaye baphumeze ikhowudi , engayithathi ingqalelo into eqwalaselwayo). Iingxaki nazo zivela kwiinkqubo zemali kunye nezoshishino ezifuna ukulandelwa kwexesha elichanekileyo leenkqubo zomsebenzi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba iimpazamo ezinxulumene nesibini esongezelelweyo sivela kungekuphela nje ngexesha lolungelelwaniso, kodwa nangamanye amaxesha, umzekelo, impazamo kwikhowudi yokulungelelanisa ukubonakala kwesesibini esongezelelweyo kwi-GPSD kukhokelele ekutshintsheni kwexesha leeveki ezili-2021 Okthobha 1024. Kunzima ukucinga ukuba zeziphi ii-anomalies ezinokubangelwa kukungongezi, kodwa ukuthabatha umzuzwana.
Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, ukumisa ulungelelwaniso kuneentsilelo ezinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kweenkqubo ezilungiselelwe ukuba zibe newotshi efanayo ye-UTC kunye ne-UT1. Iingxaki zinokuvela kwi-astronomical (umzekelo, xa ubeka iiteleskopu) kunye neenkqubo zesathelayithi. Umzekelo, abameli baseRussia bavote ngokuchasene nokunqunyanyiswa kolungelelwaniso ngo-2035, abacebise ukutshintsha ukunqunyanyiswa ukuya ku-2040, kuba utshintsho lufuna ukulungiswa okubalulekileyo kweziseko ze-GLONASS inkqubo yokuhamba ngesathelayithi. Inkqubo ye-GLONASS yayiyilwe ekuqaleni ukuba ibandakanye imizuzwana yokuxhuma, ngelixa i-GPS, i-BeiDou kunye ne-Galileo zisuka nje zingabahoyi.
umthombo: opennet.ru