Yamkelwe ngokubanzi ukuba iilwimi zenkqubo ezifana neRust, Erlang, Dart, kunye nezinye zezona zinqabileyo kwihlabathi le-IT. Ekubeni ndiqesha iingcali ze-IT kwiinkampani, ezihlala ziqhagamshelana nabantu be-IT kunye nabaqeshi, ndagqiba ekubeni ndiqhube isifundo sobuqu kwaye ndifumanise ukuba oku kunjalo ngokwenene. Ulwazi lufanelekile kwimarike ye-IT yaseRashiya.
Ukuqokelelwa kwedatha
Ukuqokelela ulwazi, ndafunda inani lezithuba ezifuna izakhono zolwimi, kunye nenani labaqalayo ngesi buchule. Ndiqokelele idatha kwi-Linkedin, kwi-HeadHunter, usebenzisa inkonzo yokuQesha ngokumangalisayo. Ndikwanazo neenkcukacha-manani zobuqu kwizicelo kwiarhente yam.
Ngokubanzi, iilwimi ezisibhozo zichukumise uphando lwam.
Ukugqithisa
Izibalo zehlabathi: Ngokwezibalo ngo-2018, iRust ibekwe kwindawo yokuqala (ngonyaka wesithathu ngokulandelelana) kuluhlu lwezona lwimi zithandwayo phakathi kwabaphuhlisi kunye neyesithandathu kuluhlu lwezona lwimi zibiza kakhulu ngokwemivuzo (i-69 yeedola ngonyaka).
Nangona ulwimi luthandwa kakhulu kwihlabathi, eRashiya luhlala lulolona lwimi lunqabileyo lwenkqubo.
Kwizakhono eziphambili, ulwazi lweRust lufunyenwe phakathi kweengcali ze-319 kwi-Headhunter kunye ne-360 kwi-Linkedin. Nangona kunjalo, ngabaphuhlisi abangama-24 kuphela abazibeka njengabaphuhlisi beRust kwi-Headhunter. Emva kwemifanekiso, kukholelwa ukuba iinkampani ezimbini kuphela eRashiya zibhala kwi-Rust. Kukho iinkampani ze-32 ezinikezela ngemisebenzi kubaphuhlisi be-Rust kwi-Headhunter kunye ne-17 kwi-Linkedin.
I-arhente yam isoloko ifumana izicelo zabaphuhlisi be-Rust. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingcaphephe ezimbalwa kangangokuba sele ndinoluvo lokuba ndiqhelene nazo zonke iingcali zophuhliso lweRust elizweni. Ngoko ke, kwimeko yolwimi lweRust, abaviwa abaninzi abanomdla kumsebenzi wokufunda ulwimi njengoko bezalisa iTOR.
erlang
Ngokwezibalo ezifanayo U-Erlang akakho kude emva kweRust kwaye uyenzile kuzo zonke iintlobo zokulinganisa. Kuluhlu lwezona lwimi zithandwayo phakathi kwabaphuhlisi, u-Erlang ubeka amashumi amabini ananye, kwaye ngokomvuzo, u-Erlang ulandela ngoko nangoko uRust, ethatha indawo yesixhenxe ($67 ngonyaka).
I-Hedhunter inemisebenzi engama-67 yabaphuhlisi abanolwazi lwe-Erlang. Kwi-Linkedin - 38. Ukuba sithetha ngenani labaqalayo, kuphela ngabaphuhlisi abangama-55 e-Headhunter ababeno-Erlang njengolwimi oluphambili (kwakubonisiwe kwisihloko), kwaye iingcali ezingama-38 zazino-Erlang kwiitayitile zemisebenzi kwi-Linkedin.
Ngaphezu koko, kukho utyekelo lokuqesha abafana abangabanini abaphuhlisiweyo beGoogle Go okanye iGolang endaweni yabaphuhlisi be-Erlang, kuba bebaninzi kwaye umvuzo uphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, uluvo lwam lobuqu (ngokusekwe kwidatha evela kwiarhente yam) kukuba iGo ayizukuthatha indawo ka-Erlang, kuba kwiiprojekthi ezinomthwalo omkhulu kunye nezintsokothileyo, i-Erlang lulwimi oluyimfuneko.
Iqupha
Isetyenziswa ikakhulu kuphuhliso lomdlalo. Akukho zithuba zemisebenzi (ngokoqobo enye eHedhunter). Kukho iinkampani ezimbini kuphela kwi-Linkedin ezifuna ulwazi lolu lwimi. Ukuba sithetha malunga nokunikezelwa, phantse abaphuhlisi abangamakhulu amabini babonise ulwazi lolu lwimi kwi-Linkedin, i-109 kwi-Headhunter, apho abantu abayi-10 babeka ulwazi lwe-Haxe kwisihloko sokuqhubeka kwabo. Kuyavela ukuba ulwimi lwenkqubo ye-Haxe luyimfuneko encinci kwimarike yaseRashiya. Unikezelo ludlula imfuno.
Imijukujelwa
Yenziwe nguGoogle. Ulwimi luya luthandwa ngakumbi kwiimarike. Izithuba ezipapashiweyo kwi-Headhunter 10, kwi-Linkedin - 8, kodwa abaqeshi abafuni olu lwimi kuluhlu lwezakhono eziphambili. Imeko ephambili yimvelaphi enkulu kwiJavascript kunye nendlela efanelekileyo yokusombulula iingxaki.
Inani labaphuhlisi abaqhelene nolwimi lwenkqubo ngama-275, kodwa kwakhona, ngabantu abali-11 kuphela abajonga iDart isakhono sabo esiphambili. Kwi-Linkedin, abantu abali-124 balukhankanyile ulwimi ngandlelβ ithile kuhlaziyo lwabo.
Amava omntu kunye nezibalo ezivela kwi-arhente yam zichaza ukuba olu lwimi sele lusetyenziswa ziinkampani ezinkulu ze-IT. Oku kubonisa ukuba kungekudala iza kukhutshwa kuluhlu lweelwimi ezinqabileyo zokucwangcisa. Ngendlela, iingcali ezithetha ulwimi lweDart ziyabiza emarikeni.
F#
Ulwimi lwenkqubo olunqabileyo. Iphuhliswe nguMicrosoft. ERashiya, kuphela iinkampani ezimbalwa (12 kwi-HH kunye ne-7 kwi-Linkedin) ezicela umdwelisi we-F #. Kwezinye iimeko, ulwazi lolwimi alunyanzelekanga. Ngendlela, inani labaphuhlisi abanolwazi lwe-F # likhula ngokuthe ngcembe. Ulwimi lude lwavela kuluhlu olutsha . Ibeka indawo yesithoba kuluhlu lwezona lwimi zithandwayo phakathi kwabaphuhlisi, kwaye ngokomvuzo, yayiyeyokuqala (i-$ 74 ngonyaka).
Ngokwenani lokuphinda lipapashwe, kukho i-253 kwi-Headhunter, kodwa bambalwa kakhulu abantu abajonga i-F # njengolwimi lwabo oluphambili. Bathathu kuphela abantu ababeka ulwazi lwe-F # kwisihloko sokuqhubeka kwabo. Kwi-Linkedin, imeko iyafana: Abaphuhlisi be-272 bakhankanye i-F # kwiipotfoliyo zabo, apho ezintandathu kuphela zine-F # ezidweliswe kwizikhundla zabo.
Iinkcukacha-manani zezi zilandelayo:
Inani lezithuba zizonke yi-122 kwi-Headhunter kunye ne-72 kwi-Linkedin. Olona lwimi ludumileyo phakathi kwabo balufundisiweyo sisiErlang. Ngaphezu kwe-50% yeenkampani zicela ulwazi lwe-Erlang. UHaxe uye wabonakala elolona lwimi lungafunwayo. Ukukhangela iingcali ezinolwazi lwe-Haxe 1% kunye ne-3% yeenkampani kwi-Headhunter kunye ne-Linkedin, ngokulandelanayo.
Ngokumalunga nenani lee-abstracts ezipapashiweyo, imeko iphantse ifane. Kwi-1644 iphinda ifakwe kwi-Headhunter, ngaphezu kwamashumi amane eepesenti (688) anxulumene ne-Erlang, i-resumes ezimbalwa (7%) zithunyelwe ziingcali ezinezakhono zophuhliso lwe-Haxe. Idatha efunyenwe kwi-Linkedin yahluke noko. Abafana abangabanini beDart bathumele ezona qalelo zimbalwa. Kwiipotfoliyo zika-1894, ziyi-124 kuphela ezibhekiselele kuphuhliso lweDart.
Opa, Fantom, Zimbu
Ndigqibe kwelokuba ndizidibanise zonke ezi lwimi zintathu kumhlathi omnye ngesizathu esinye esilula-ezona lwimi zinqabileyo ngokwenene. Akukho zithuba kwaye akukho ziqalelo. Ungathembela kwicala elinye abaphuhlisi abachaze naluphi na olu lwimi kwizakhono zabo.
Kuba ezi lwimi zingabandakanywanga kwingxelo yonyaka ye-Stackoverflow, kwaye azifumaneki kwizithuba zemisebenzi, ndiza kupela amagama ambalwa malunga nokuba ziyintoni na ezi lwimi.
Tamkhulu -ulwimi lwenkqubo yewebhu oluzama ukutshintsha kwangoko iHTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP. Yaphuhliswa ngo-2011. I-Opa isimahla kwaye ngoku ifumaneka kuphela kwi-64-bit Linux kunye neqonga le-Mac OS X.
Fantom yinjongo yolwimi jikelele eqokelela i Java Runtime Environment, JavaScript, kunye .NET Common Language Runtime. Yaphuhliswa ngo-2005.
Zimbu - Ulwimi olulodwa kunye nolukhethekileyo olunokusetyenziswa ukuphuhlisa phantse nantoni na: ukusuka kwizicelo ze-GUI ukuya kwii-kernel ze-OS. Okwangoku ithathwa njengolwimi lokulinga, ayizizo zonke iimpawu eziphuhliswayo.
Ukongeza kwiilwimi zeprogram, ndiphinde ndifake kuluhlu kunye nesikhundla ingcaphephe yokhuseleko lonxibelelwano. Inani lezithuba xa lithelekiswa nenani labaqalayo lincinci (malunga nama-20). Kuyavela ukuba unikezelo ludlula imfuno (njengakwimeko ye-Haxe), engaqhelekanga kakhulu kwicandelo le-IT. Umvuzo weengcali zokhuseleko lolwazi uphantsi. Ngokomzekelo, eSt. Petersburg, ingcali yokhuseleko lwe-cyber enamava inikezwa i-80-100 lamawaka eeruble.
Uphando lwam oluncinci lubonise ukuba iilwimi "eziphezulu" zokuphumelela zezi: Rust, Erlang, Dart - kukho imfuno, umvuzo ophezulu. Ezona lwimi zazifunwa kakhulu sisiHaxe, isiOpa, isiFantom, isiZimbu. I-F # ithandwa phesheya, imarike ye-IT yaseRashiya ayikabanjwa ngolwimi.
umthombo: www.habr.com