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Amaxesha amaninzi, amanqaku abonelela ngemifanekiso enemibala endaweni yemizobo yombane, ebangela iingxabano kwizimvo.
Kule nkalo, ndagqiba ekubeni ndibhale inqaku elifutshane lezemfundo kwiintlobo zeesekethe zombane ezihlelwe kuyo Inkqubo eManyanisiweyo yoXwebhu loYilo (ESKD).
Kulo lonke inqaku ndiya kuxhomekeka kwi-ESKD.
Cinga .
Le GOST yazisa la magama:
- uhlobo lomzobo - ukuhlelwa kweesekethe, ukwahlula ngokomgaqo wokusebenza, ukubunjwa kwemveliso kunye nokudibanisa phakathi kwamacandelo ayo;
- uhlobo lwesekethe - Iqela lokuhlela elahlulwe ngokusekelwe kwinjongo yalo ephambili.
Masivume kwangoko ukuba siya kuba nohlobo kuphela lwemizobo - Idayagram yombane (E).
Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zeesekethe ezichazwe kule GOST.
| Uhlobo lwesekethe | Inkcazo | Ikhowudi yohlobo lwesekethe |
|---|---|---|
| Umzobo wesakhiwo | Uxwebhu oluchaza ezona ndawo zisebenzayo zemveliso, injongo yazo kunye nobudlelwane | 1 |
| Umzobo osebenzayo | Uxwebhu oluchaza iinkqubo ezenzeka kwiisekethe ezisebenzayo zemveliso (ufakelo) okanye imveliso (ufakelo) iyonke. | 2 |
| Idayagram ecwangcisiweyo (igqityiwe) | Uxwebhu oluchaza ukubunjwa okupheleleyo kwezinto kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kwabo kwaye, njengomthetho, unika ukuqonda okupheleleyo (okucacileyo) kwemigaqo yokusebenza kwemveliso (ufakelo) | 3 |
| Umzobo woqhagamshelo (ufakelo) | Uxwebhu olubonisa ukudityaniswa kwamacandelo ecandelo lemveliso (ufakelo) kunye nokuchaza iingcingo, iintambo zokubopha, iintambo okanye imibhobho edityaniswe ngayo, kunye neendawo zokudityaniswa kwazo kunye negalelo (iziqhagamshelo, iibhodi, iintambo, njl. .) | 4 |
| Umzobo woxhumano | Uxwebhu olubonisa udibaniso lwangaphandle lwemveliso | 5 |
| Iskimu ngokubanzi | Uxwebhu oluchaza amacandelo ekhompleksi kunye nokudityaniswa kwawo komnye nomnye kwindawo yokusebenza | 6 |
| Isicwangciso soyilo | Uxwebhu oluchaza indawo ehambelanayo yecandelo lecandelo lemveliso (ufakelo), kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, kunye neenyanda (iingcingo, iintambo), iipayipi, iifayili ze-optical, njl. | 7 |
| Iskimu esidibeneyo | Uxwebhu oluqulethe izinto zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeesekethe zodidi olufanayo | 0 |
| Qaphela - Amagama eentlobo zeesekethe ezibonakaliswe kwizibiyeli zisekwe kwiisekethe zombane zezakhiwo zamandla. | ||
Okulandelayo, siya kuqwalasela uhlobo ngalunye lwesekethe ngokubanzi njengoko lusetyenziswa kwiisekethe zombane.
Uxwebhu oluphambili: .
Ngoko, yintoni na kwaye ezi zijikelezo zombane "zidla" ngantoni?
I-GOST 2.702-2011 iya kusinika impendulo: Iskimu sombane - uxwebhu oluqulethe, ngendlela yemifanekiso eqhelekileyo okanye iimpawu, amacandelo emveliso esebenza ngoncedo lwamandla ombane, kunye nobudlelwane babo.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwinjongo ephambili, iisekethe zombane zohlulwe zibe zezi ntlobo zilandelayo:
Idayagram yesakhiwo sombane (E1)
Umzobo webhloko ubonisa zonke iindawo eziphambili zokusebenza kwimveliso (izinto, izixhobo kunye namaqela asebenzayo) kunye nobudlelwane obuphambili phakathi kwabo. Ulwakhiwo lomzobo lomzobo kufuneka lubonelele ngowona mbono ulungileyo wokulandelelana kwentsebenziswano yamalungu asebenzayo kwimveliso. Kwimigca yokudibanisa, kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise iintolo ukubonisa ulwalathiso lweenkqubo ezenzeka kwimveliso.
Umzekelo wedayagram yesakhiwo sombane:
Idayagram esebenzayo yoMbane (E2)
Umzobo osebenzayo ubonisa iindawo ezisebenzayo zemveliso (izinto, izixhobo kunye namaqela asebenzayo) athatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo eboniswe ngumzobo, kunye nokudibanisa phakathi kwezi nxalenye. Ulwakhiwo lomzobo lomzobo kufuneka lunike owona mboniso ubonwayo wolandelelwano lweenkqubo oluboniswe ngumzobo.
Umzekelo womzobo osebenzayo wombane:
Idayagram yesekethe yombane (igqityiwe) (E3)
Umzobo wesekethe ubonisa zonke izinto zombane okanye izixhobo eziyimfuneko ekuphunyezweni nasekulawuleni iinkqubo zombane ezisekiweyo kwimveliso, zonke izidibaniso zombane phakathi kwazo, kunye nezinto zombane (iziqhagamshelo, iintambo, njl. njl.) eziphelisa igalelo kwaye iisekethe imveliso. Umzobo unokubonisa ukudibanisa kunye nokunyuka kwezinto ezifakwe kwimveliso ngenxa yezizathu zesakhiwo. Iisekethe zenziwa kwiimveliso ezikwi-off position.
Umzekelo womzobo wesekethe yombane:
Idayagram yoqhagamshelo lombane (ufakelo) (E4)
Umzobo wokudibanisa kufuneka ubonise zonke izixhobo kunye nezinto ezibandakanyiweyo kwimveliso, igalelo labo kunye nezinto eziphumayo (izihlanganisi, iibhodi, i-clamps, njl.), kunye nokudibanisa phakathi kwezi zixhobo kunye nezinto. Indawo yeesimboli zegraphic zezixhobo kunye nezinto kumzobo kufuneka zilingane nokubekwa kwezinto kunye nezixhobo kwimveliso. Ulungelelwaniso lwemifanekiso yegalelo kunye nemveliso yezinto okanye iitheminali ngaphakathi kweesimboli zegraphic kunye nezixhobo okanye izinto kufuneka zilingane nokubekwa kwazo kwisixhobo okanye into.
Umzekelo wedayagram yoqhagamshelo lombane:
Idayagram yoqhagamshelo lombane (E5)
Umzobo wokudibanisa kufuneka ubonise imveliso, igalelo layo kunye nezinto eziphumayo (izihlanganisi, ii-clamps, njl.) kunye neziphelo zeengcingo kunye neentambo (iingcingo ezidibeneyo, iintambo zombane) eziqhagamshelwe kuzo zokufakelwa kwangaphandle, kufuphi nalapho idatha ekudibaniseni imveliso ( iimpawu) kufuneka zibekwe iisekethe zangaphandle kunye (okanye) iidilesi). Ukubekwa kwemifanekiso yegalelo kunye nezinto eziphumayo ngaphakathi kwigrafu yoyilo lwemveliso kufuneka ilingane nokubekwa kwayo kwimveliso. Umzobo kufuneka ubonise ukutyunjwa kwesigxina segalelo kunye nezinto eziphumayo ezinikezelwe kubo kumzobo wesiphaluka wemveliso.
Umzekelo wedayagram yoqhagamshelo lombane:
Umjikelo wombane ngokubanzi (E6)
Umzobo oqhelekileyo ubonisa izixhobo kunye nezinto ezibandakanyiweyo kwi-complex, kunye neengcingo, iinyanda kunye neentambo (iingcingo ezidibeneyo, iintambo zombane) ezidibanisa ezi zixhobo kunye nezinto. Indawo yeempawu zegraphic zezixhobo kunye nezinto kumzobo kufuneka zilingane nokubekwa kwezinto kunye nezixhobo kwimveliso.
Umzekelo wedayagram yombane jikelele:
Idayagram yoyilo loMbane (E7)
Umzobo woyilo ubonisa iinxalenye zecandelo lemveliso, kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukudibanisa phakathi kwabo - isakhiwo, igumbi okanye indawo apho la macandelo aya kuba khona.
Umzekelo woyilo lombane:
Isekethi yombane edibeneyo (E0)
Olu hlobo lomzobo lubonisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezidityaniswe kunye nomnye kumzobo omnye.
Umzekelo wesekethe yombane edibeneyo:
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