Bangaphi abadwelisi benkqubo abayithathayo ukugcina ikhowudi ebhaliweyo ngaphambili?

Ngexesha elidlulileyo, incoko yenzeka phakathi kwam kunye nomhlobo wam wokwenene apho kwaviwa la mabinzana alandelayo:

- Inani labadwelisi beprogram liya kukhula rhoqo - kuba inani lekhowudi likhula, kwaye abaphuhlisi abaninzi ngakumbi bahlala befuneka ukuba bayixhase.
- Kodwa ikhowudi iya isiba mdala, enye ayisaxhaswa. Kunokwenzeka ukuba kukho uhlobo oluthile lokulinganisa.

Ndibakhumbula kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva, ndazibuza ukuba ngaba ukugcina ikhowudi, kufuna izibonelelo ezininzi kunye nexesha, kunokuphelisa ukuphuhliswa komsebenzi omtsha, okanye ngaba kuya kufuna ukwanda okungenamkhawulo kwinani labadwelisi beprogram? Uhlalutyo lwemathematika kunye nokulinganisa okungafaniyo kuncede ukuvavanya ngokusemgangathweni ukuxhomekeka kwesixa senkxaso kuphuhliso kunye nokufumana iimpendulo kwimibuzo.

Umbuzo omnye. Ngaba ukuxhasa "ukutya" zonke izixhobo zophuhliso?

Qwalasela iqela labadwelisi benkqubo apho inani labathathi-nxaxheba lihlala lihleli. Yabelana ngexesha labo lokusebenza () ichithwa ekuphuhliseni ikhowudi entsha, kunye nesabelo esiseleyo sexesha uya kwinkxaso. Ngaphakathi kweengcinga zemodeli, sicinga ukuba uhlobo lokuqala lomsebenzi lujolise ekunyuseni umthamo wekhowudi, kwaye okwesibini kujoliswe ekutshintsheni (ukulungisa iimpazamo) kwaye ayinayo impembelelo ebalulekileyo kumthamo wekhowudi.

Masibonise lonke inani lekhowudi ebhaliweyo ukuya kuthi ga ngelo xesha . Ukucinga ukuba isantya sokubhala ikhowudi sinomlinganiselo , sifumana:

Kungokwemvelo ukucinga ukuba iindleko zabasebenzi zokugcina ikhowudi zilingana nomthamo wayo:

okanye

Apho

Sifumana i-equation eyahlukileyo enokuthi idibaniswe ngokulula. Ukuba kumzuzu wokuqala wexesha inani lekhowudi ngu-zero, ngoko

e uphawu , kwaye . Kwaye oku kuthetha ukuncitshiswa ngokuthe ngcembe ekuhambeni kwexesha ekuphuhliseni umsebenzi omtsha ukuya kwi-zero kunye nokudluliselwa kwazo zonke izibonelelo zokuxhasa.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ngexesha ikhowudi iphelelwa lixesha kwaye iyeke ukuxhaswa, ngoko inani lekhowudi efuna inkxaso ngexesha sele ilingana Emva koko

а sisisombululo kwinxaki yomahluko ngempikiswano ebambezelekayo [1]:

Isisombululo salenxaki simiselwa ngokukodwa ngokuchaza amaxabiso "Ngaphambi kokuqala kwexesha" . Ekubeni ikhowudi yayingekabhalwa ngaphambi kwexesha lokuqala ngexesha, kwimeko yethu e .

Makhe sijonge imizekelo embalwa. Siya kulinganisa ixesha kwiminyaka, kunye nesixa sekhowudi kumawaka emigca. Emva koko ngenxa ixabiso lomyalelo weshumi liyamkeleka, siya kuthatha i-50 kunye ne-100. Oko kukuthi, ngonyaka iqela lophuhliso liya kubhala amashumi amahlanu kunye nekhulu lamawaka imigca yekhowudi, ngokulandelanayo. Kuba amaxabiso amkelekileyo anokuba: , , . Oku kuthetha ukuba iqela lophuhliso linokuxhasa inani lekhowudi elibhala ngonyaka, nokuba yikota, isiqingatha, okanye ixesha elipheleleyo. Njengomndilili wobomi bekhowudi, siya kubeka amaxabiso alandelayo: 1, 2 kunye ne-4 iminyaka. Ukusombulula i-equation ngokwamanani, sifumana imizekelo yokuziphatha komsebenzi kwezinye iparameter indibaniselwano .

Ukuziphatha komsebenzi njengoko ikhowudi iminyaka, itshintshile. Umsebenzi awusekho monotonous, kodwa ukuguquguquka "kuzola" ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye kukho ukuthambekela kwixabiso elithile elingaguqukiyo. Iigrafu zibonisa: ngakumbi , и , oko kukuthi, ukucotha kwexesha lekhowudi, ngokukhawuleza ukuphuhliswa kwekhowudi entsha kunye nomgangatho ophantsi wekhowudi, izibonelelo ezincinci ziya kushiywa ukuphuhliswa komsebenzi omtsha. Kwakukho umnqweno wokunika ubuncinane umzekelo omnye apho "i-snuggled" kufutshane no-zero. Kodwa oku kufuna ukukhethwa kwezikhombisi zomgangatho wophuhliso olubi kakhulu kunye nekhowudi engagugi ixesha elide. Nakwigrafu esezantsi ekhohlo, isixa esibalulekileyo sezibonelelo sishiyekile kumsebenzi omtsha. Ngoko ke, impendulo echanekileyo kumbuzo wokuqala kunokuba le: ithiyori - ewe, kunokwenzeka; ngokoqobo - phantse.

Imibuzo engakhange iphendulwe:

1. Ngaba yinyani leyo ithande ukuya kumda othile yabo bonke ? Ukuba ayinguye wonke umntu, zeziphi?
2. Ukuba umda ukhona, ixabiso layo lixhomekeke njani ?

Umbuzo emibini. Ngaba ukugcinwa kwekhowudi kunokubangela ukukhula okungenamkhawulo kwinani labaprogram?

Masibonise inani labadwelisi benkqubo ababandakanyekayo ekuphuhliseni ikhowudi entsha. Njengoko ngasentla, - ubungakanani bekhowudi ebhaliweyo ukuya kwinqanaba elithile . Ke

Gcina inkxaso yekhowudi ixakekile abadwelisi benkqubo. Ukuthathela ingqalelo ikhowudi yokuguga,

Apho

ukuba , ngoko

Ngaloo ndlela, impendulo yombuzo wesibini imbi: ukuba inani labaphuhlisi bekhowudi entsha lilinganiselwe, ngoko kwiimeko zekhowudi yokuguga, inkxaso ayinakubangela ukwanda okungenamkhawulo kwinani labaprogram.

isiphelo

Iimodeli eziqwalaselwayo "zithambile" iimodeli zemathematika [2]. Zilula kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxhomekeka kweziphumo zokulinganisa kumaxabiso eparamitha kuhambelana noko kulindelekileyo kwiinkqubo zokwenyani, oku kuthetha ngokuxhasa ukufaneleka kweemodeli kunye nokuchaneka okwaneleyo ukufumana uqikelelo olukumgangatho ophezulu.

Izalathiso

1. Elsgolts L.E., Norkin S.B. Intshayelelo yethiyori yokwahlukana kweeequations kunye nengxoxo etenxileyo. eMoscow. Indlu yokupapasha "iSayensi". 1971.
2. UArnold V.I. Iimodeli zemathematika "Ezinzima" kunye "ezithambileyo". eMoscow. Indlu yokupapasha i-MCNMO. 2004.

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