Ekuqaleni kuka-2019, thina (kunye nee-portals Software-testing.ru kunye ne-Dou.ua) senze uphando lwenqanaba lomvuzo weengcali ze-QA. Ngoku siyazi ukuba zingakanani ixabiso leenkonzo zovavanyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi. Siyazi kwakhona ukuba loluphi ulwazi kunye namava ingcali ye-QA ekufuneka ibenayo ukuze itshintshise iofisi exineneyo kunye nomvuzo ongephi kwisitulo saselwandle kunye nemali eninzi yemali. Ngaba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi ngayo yonke into? Funda inqaku lethu.
Ngoko ... Khawucinge ngemeko: ufike kudliwano-ndlebe kunye nombuzo oqhelekileyo opheleleyo malunga "nenqanaba lomvuzo elilindelekileyo" libhekiswe kuwe. Awunakuyenza njani impazamo ngempendulo? Umntu uya kuqalisa ukuzisekela kumvuzo kwindawo yabo yokugqibela yomsebenzi, umntu ngokomyinge womvuzo wesithuba esinikiweyo eMoscow, umntu uya kuthabatha njengesiseko inqanaba lomvuzo umhlobo wakho QA injineli waqhayisa ngayo izolo phezu kweglasi yeti. . Kodwa kufuneka uvume, konke oku akucacanga ngandlela thile, ndingathanda ukwazi ixabiso lam ngokuqinisekileyo.
Ke ngoko, nawuphi na umvavanyi onomdla emalini ngamanye amaxesha ubuza le mibuzo ilandelayo:
- Ndixabisa malini njengengcali?
- Zeziphi izakhono ekufuneka uziphuhlise ukwandisa ixabiso lakho kumqeshi?
- Ngaba ndiza kufumana ngaphezulu ngokutshintsha umsebenzi wam waseofisini eBarnaul ukuya kumsebenzi okude eMoscow?
- olu luhlobo lwelizwe lonke elilingana nempumelelo yengcali eqeshwe kwintsimi yakhe yobungcali. Ukuba siyayityeshela imiba yobuqu kunye nentlalontle, ngcono kunomvuzo mhlawumbi akayi kuthetha nantoni na malunga neziqinisekiso kunye nenqanaba lobuchule bengcali eqeshiweyo. Kodwa ukuba siyazi yonke into malunga nenqanaba lengeniso yethu, ngoko ke kweliphi icala lokuphuhlisa ukuze kwandiswe le ngeniso, sinokuqikelela kuphela.
Ngokomgaqo wePareto, umqeshi/umthengi uzimisele ukuhlawula i-80% yemali ye-20% yezakhono zethu. Umbuzo kuphela kukuba zeziphi izakhono kwizinto zanamhlanje ezifakwe kule 20%. Kwaye namhlanje siza kuzama ukufumana eyona nto iphambili kwimpumelelo.
Kuphando lwethu, sigqibe kwelokuba sihambe, ngoko kuthetha, "kumntu," kwaye ke ngoko siqhuba uphando hayi kwinqanaba le-CIO kunye neenkonzo ze-HR, kodwa kwinqanaba labantu "abanomdla kakhulu" iziphumo zophando: wena, iingcali ezithandekayo ze-QA.
Isishwankathelo:
Intshayelelo: ukuququzelela uphando
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Ke, uphando lwenziwe ngoDisemba 2018-Januwari 2019.
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Ndingathanda ukubulela iphothali ngoncedo ekuqhubeni uphando kunye noNatalya Barantseva buqu. Kwakhona, singathanda ukuthi umbulelo okhethekileyo ku: portal , VK uluntu , umjelo wetelegram .
Olu hlolisiso lubandakanya abantu abali-1006 14 abaphendulayo nabasebenzela iinkampani ezivela kumazwe ali-83 kwizixeko ezingama-6. Ukwenza lula umsebenzi kunye nokubonwa kwedatha, sidibanise ijografi yabo bonke abaphenduli kunye nabaqeshi babo kwiindawo ezi-XNUMX ezizimeleyo:
- Rhashiya.
- IYurophu (indawo ye-EU).
— CIS.
- I-USA.
- Asia.
-Oceania.
Ummandla waseAsia kunye ne-Oceania kwafuneka ukhutshelwe ngaphandle ngenxa yokumelwa kwabo okuphantsi kwisampuli.
Zihanjiswa njani iingcali ze-QA phakathi kwemimandla yabaqeshi?
Iidola zaseMelika zakhethwa njengemali ephambili yolu phando. Akunjalo ukuba sonke sifumana imivuzo kwiidola, kukuba kukho i-zero ezimbalwa kuzo kwaye ukuguqulwa kwezinye iimali kuchaneke ngakumbi.
Ingaba iingcali ze-QA zifumana ngayiphi imali imivuzo yazo?
Sikwazile ukuchaza ngokucacileyo imivuzo emi-4 engundoqo:
- ngaphantsi kwe-600 yeedola (kunye ne-median ye-450 yeedola);
- $ 601-1500 (kunye ne-median ye-1050 yeedola);
- $ 1500-2300 (kunye ne-median ye-1800 yeedola);
- ngaphezu kwe-$ 2300 (kunye ne-median ye-3000 yeedola).
I-97% yezikhundla eziboniswe ngabaphenduli ziye zakwazi ukuchongwa kwaye zahlelwa kwiindidi ze-4 zakudala zeengcali ze-QA. Sithathe ngamabomu ulwahlulo olwamkelwe kwiinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe, kuba... naseRashiya la magama ahlala esetyenziswa, kwaye i-42,2% eseleyo yabaphenduli basebenzela amanye amazwe.
Iingcali ze-QA zisasazwa njani ludidi lwemisebenzi?
Icandelo lokuqala. Inqanaba lomvuzo kwiingcali ze-QA eRashiya nakwihlabathi
Okokuqala, makhe sijonge inqanaba lomvuzo weengcali ze-QA eRashiya kunye nokuba kuxhomekeke njani kwifomathi yomsebenzi.
Ngaba inqanaba lomvuzo wengcali ye-QA ixhomekeke kwifomathi yakhe yomsebenzi (eRashiya)?
Phantse isiqingatha sazo zonke iingcali ze-QA (48,9%) zisebenza eofisini ngomvuzo osuka kwi-601 yeedola ukuya kwi-1500 yeedola. Enye isithathu nayo isebenze kwifomathi yeofisi, phantse yahlulwe ngokulinganayo kwiinkampu ezimbini: kunye nomvuzo < $ 600 (17,3%) kunye nomvuzo we-$ 1500 - $ 2300 (18,1%).
Okunika umdla: Ipesenteji yeengcaphephe ezihlawulwa kakhulu iphezulu kakhulu phakathi kwabo babambelele kwiiofisi ezibhetyebhetye kunye neeshedyuli zomsebenzi ezikude kunaphakathi kwabavavanyi abanyanzelwa yishedyuli yomsebenzi engqongqo. Ngokubhekiselele kwi-freelancing, bonke abameli bayo abambalwa baqaphele inqanaba labo lengeniso njenge <$600.
Ezi zalathi azibonakali nje kuphela kwimarike yaseRashiya yeenkonzo ze-QA. Iindlela ezifanayo zinokulandelelwa kumazwe ngamazwe.
Ukuthelekiswa komvuzo ophakathi kwiingcali ze-QA (iRashiya vs ihlabathi)
Iinzuzo zemivuzo yomsebenzi oguquguqukayo okude zicace ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa namanqanaba ehlabathi. Oku mhlawumbi kungenxa yokungabikho kweendleko zombutho kumqeshi. izixhobo, iziseko zophuhliso kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwendawo yokusebenza yomqeshwa, eziguqulwa ngokuyinxenye zibe ngumvuzo wakhe. Ke, ukuba uphupha usela ii-cocktails ngaselwandle kwaye ufumana i-24% ngaphezulu koogxa bakho abalwela ulawulo olukude lwe-air conditioner ukusuka kwi-9 ukuya kwi-18, ngoku unentshukumisa eyongezelelweyo.
umdla: Umvuzo eRashiya lags kakhulu emva kwehlabathi kwimeko ifomathi ekude engqongqo (35,7%) kunye freelancing (58,1%), kunye freelancing ngokwayo, nangona ihlawulwe kakubi, iphuhliswe ngcono kakhulu ngaphandle eRashiya.
Uyabuza: “Avela phi la manani emivuzo? Mhlawumbi yiMoscow neSt. Petersburg kuphela eyaba nenxaxheba kolu hlolisiso.” Hayi, oogxa. Izixeko zimele ijografi phantse yonke iRashiya, kodwa asizange sibe nabuganga bokuhlalutya izixeko ezinabaphenduli abangaphantsi kwama-20 ngokomndilili womvuzo. Ukuba nabani na uyayifuna, bhalela [imeyile ikhuselwe], siya kwabelana ngedatha kwezinye izixeko.
Umyinge wenqanaba lomvuzo kwiingcali ze-QA (izixeko zaseRashiya)
Umfanekiso unokuqikelelwa, ikakhulu izixeko ezinabemi abangaphezu kwesigidi zihlukaniswa yimivuzo ephezulu, ngaphandle kweSaratov, iKrasnodar kunye ne-Izhevsk. Ubuntshatsheli ngokwesiko kwabelwana ngazo ngamakomkhulu, kodwa imivuzo ephezulu ngesixeko ivaliwe yingingqi yaseChernozem kunye neVoronezh, umahluko kwimivuzo kunye neMoscow phantse kabini (45,9%).
Unomdla: Thina ngokwethu asiyiqondi ngokupheleleyo indlela uSaratov angena ngayo kwiintathu eziphezulu malunga nemivuzo. Siya kubulela ukuba usabelana ngoqikelelo lwakho ngalo mba.
Kwabo baye bagqiba ekubeni basebenze "iYurophu ebolileyo" okanye iCIS ekufutshane, sikhawuleza ukukukholisa. Kukho lonke ithuba lokufumana ukonyuka okukhulu komvuzo. Abo sele bebasebenzela mhlawumbi bayazi ngale nto ngaphandle kwethu.
Umyinge wenqanaba lomvuzo kwiingcali ze-QA (iingingqi zabaqeshi)
Yonke into elapha inokuqikelelwa, inqanaba lemivuzo phakathi kwabaqeshi baseRashiya likwi-avareji ye-10% ephantsi kune-CIS, i-14,8% ithozamile ngaphezu kweYurophu, kunye ne-28,8% ephantsi kune-USA.
Inomdla: Inqanaba lomvuzo eYurophu nakwi-CIS ayohlukanga njengoko besicingela ekuqaleni (nge-5,3%) kuphela. Kunzima ukutsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ukudityaniswa kwehlabathi kwishishini, ukufiphala kweengcamango ze "Yurophu" kunye ne "CIS" kwiingqondo zabaphenduli, okanye iimeko zezoqoqosho zibeke ityala kule nto.
Kusengqiqweni ukuba imivuzo ephezulu itsale iingcaphephe eziqeqeshwe ngakumbi ezilungele ukusebenzela inkampani yangaphandle. Inkqubo yokuphuma kweengcali iba lula xa iinkampani ezinkulu zivula amasebe kumazwe amaninzi nakwizixeko, kwaye iifomati ezikude zicima imida eseleyo.
Iingcali ze-QA zihlala kwaye zisebenza phi?
Umntu ophethe irekhodi ekuqeshweni kwabasebenzi abavela kwamanye amazwe yi-United States; Iingcali ze-QA eziphindwe ka-15 zisebenzela iinkampani zaseMelika kunokuhlala kumazwe. Kwi-CIS, ngokuchaseneyo, bakhetha ukuhlala kunokusebenzela iinkampani ze-IT zendawo. ERashiya nakumazwe oManyano lwaseYurophu kukho ulungelelwano phakathi kwabantu abasebenzayo nabantu abaphilayo.
Inomdla: Ngamanye amaxesha kuphela umqobo owahlula ingcali ekujoyineni abasebenzi bomqeshi we-Euro-American lulwazi lweelwimi. Imarike yabasebenzi yaseRashiya kunye neCIS inethamsanqa ukuba le nto kwinkulungwane yethu isabambe "i-brain drain".
Icandelo lesibini. Ukuxhomekeka kwinqanaba lomvuzo weengcali ze-QA kumava, imfundo kunye nesikhundla
Asikwazanga ukuchonga unxulumano oluthe ngqo phakathi kwenqanaba lomvuzo weengcali ze-QA kunye nemfundo efunyenweyo. Kodwa sakwazi ukufikelela kwizigqibo ezinomdla kakhulu malunga nefuthe lemfundo kwisikhundla esibanjwe yingcali.
Ingaba isikhundla/udidi oluphethwe yingcali ye-QA luxhomekeke kwimfundo yakhe?
Ipesenti yabancinci iphezulu phakathi kwabantu abanemfundo yobuntu, ezoqoqosho kunye neyesekondari ekhethekileyo.
Izikhokelo ezilungileyo zifunyanwa kubafundi beengcali zobugcisa, amagqwetha, abantu abanesidanga semfundo kunye, ingqalelo ye-logician, iingcali ezinemfundo yolawulo olulodwa.
Abantu abadala abalungileyo Bavela kwi-techies kwaye, ngokukodwa, nokuba ngabantu abanemfundo yesikolo okanye iingcali ezinezidanga ezimbini.
Kodwa phakathi kukho okwaneleyo kuyo yonke indawo, ngaphandle kokuba phakathi kwamagqwetha kunye nabantu abaziwayo kukho ngaphantsi kancinci kubo.
Inomdla: Izibalo zethu, eziqokelelwe kunyaka we-intanethi ye-Institute of Testers (POINT), iqinisekisa ngokupheleleyo idatha ekhankanywe ngasentla kwimfundo yabancinci. Kwaye amanani angaphakathi enkampani abonisa ukuba iingcali zobugcisa zisakhula ngokukhawuleza kwinqanaba lomsebenzi.
Kukho impikiswano eninzi malunga nokuhlelwa kweengcali ze-QA kunye nomvuzo ngokwebakala. Abancinci, abafumana njengabadala, bakhokelela kumvuzo ophakathi, yinto eqhelekileyo kule mihla. Masizame ukuyiqonda.
Ingaba inqanaba lomvuzo wengcali ye-QA lixhomekeke kwisikhundla/udidi akulo?
Masiqale ngokutshabalalisa intsomi ephambili malunga nokukhula kwabantu abadala babe ngabaphathi. Ukufudukela kwisikhokelo linyathelo hayi phezulu, kodwa kwicala! Onke amava aqokelelwe kwiminyaka emininzi yokusebenza njengengcali ye-QA ayincedi kangako kwindima entsha, kuba kufuneka usebenze hayi ngekhowudi, kodwa nabantu kunye nezicwangciso. Abaphathi bayiqonda kakuhle yonke le nto, kwaye enyanisweni siyabona ukuba akukho mivuzo okanye ubume babo kubantu abadala kunye nabakhokelayo abahluke kakhulu.
Umahluko phakathi kwabancinci kunye nabaphakathi awunakubizwa ngokuba yintlekele. Ewe, ngokomndilili, umbindi uhlala efumana i-1500-2300 yeedola endaweni ye-600 yeedola. Kodwa njengabancinci, isiqingatha sabo bonke abaphakathi bafumana imivuzo kuluhlu lweedola ezingama-601- $ 1500.
Inomdla: Apho ukutsiba kwemivuzo kubonakala ngokwenene xa kuthelekiswa abaphakathi kunye nabadala. Imivuzo engaphantsi kwe-600 yeedola iba yinto yexesha elidlulileyo, kwaye i-57% yayo yonke imivuzo ihambela kwi-1500-3000 yeedola. Kuhlala kukuqonda ukuba yintoni umntu omkhulu ekufuneka ekwazi ukuyenza kwaye aphuhlise kweli cala, kodwa ngaphezulu koko kamva kancinane.
Kodwa amava omsebenzi, ngokungafaniyo nemfundo, achaphazela ngokuthe ngqo inqanaba lomvuzo.
Ingaba inqanaba lomvuzo wengcali ye-QA lixhomekeke kumava omsebenzi?
Lo mzobo ungezantsi ubonisa ngokucacileyo indlela, ngamava kumsebenzi, izinga leengcali ezihlawulwe kancinci liyancipha kwaye inani lemivuzo lidlula i-$ 2300 yokunyuka.
Lutshintsha njani uluhlu lwemivuzo njengoko ingcali ye-QA ikhula kumava?
Into ephambili ngoJuni kukubamba unyaka wokuqala. Kwanasemva kokuphumelela, abavavanyi abanonyaka omnye abanakulindela umvuzo we-1500-2300 yeedola, kodwa kukho ithuba elihle (56%) lokuba ngomnye weengcali ezinomvuzo we-600-1500 yeedola ngenyanga.
Ekugqibeleni, ukugweba ngomvuzo, ixabiso lengcali liqala ukuphuhlisa kwixesha eliphakathi kwe-4 kunye ne-6 yeminyaka yomsebenzi, ifike kumyinge womvuzo we-1500 yeedola. Emva kweli nqanaba, izinga lokukhula komvuzo liyancipha, kwabanye lifikelela kwi-2300 yeedola ngenyanga, kodwa ngokubanzi, amava emva kweminyaka emi-6 kumsebenzi wokuvavanya aqinisekisa ingeniso ye-1500-2000 yeedola, kwaye ke yonke into, njengesiqhelo, ixhomekeke kwi. isixeko, inkampani, umntu.
Inomdla: Izinga lokukhula kwinqanaba lomvuzo wengcali ye-QA kwiminyaka eyi-3 yokuqala yi-67,8%, ngelixa izinga lokukhula komvuzo kwithuba elisuka kwi-7 ukuya kwi-10 iminyaka lehla ukuya kwi-8,1%.
Icandelo lesithathu. Ukuxhomekeka kwinqanaba lomvuzo weengcali ze-QA kwinqanaba lobuchule kwizakhono zokuvavanya
Khumbula, ekuqaleni kweli nqaku sizame ukuqonda ixabiso lethu njengengcali. Ngoku makhe siqhubele phambili ekuhlalutyeni izakhono zokuvavanya. Zeziphi izakhono iingcali ze-QA ezinazo kwaye oku kulichaphazela njani inqanaba labo lomvuzo?
Zeziphi izakhono iingcali ze-QA ezinazo?
Makhe siqwalasele ubuncinane obufunekayo bezakhono esingenako ukwenza ngaphandle komsebenzi wethu.
Yintoni ekufuneka iyazi yonke ingcali ye-QA?
- Isakhono sokwenza indawo kunye nokuseka iziphene - Obona buchule buqhelekileyo. Abantu aba-4 abathethi kwaphela, abali-16 banolwazi oluphantsi. Kwaye i-98% yabaphenduli banobuchule obuhle kwaye ngokugqibeleleyo.
- Ulwazi lwenkqubo yokulandelela ibug (Jira, Redmine, YouTrack, Bugzilla) – kwakhona, 6 kuphela abantu abaqhelekanga ngokupheleleyo esi buchule.
- Uvavanyo lwecala lomthengi lwezicelo zewebhu - I-81% yabaphenduli bathetha kakuhle okanye ngokugqibeleleyo.
- Ubuchule kwiinkqubo zolawulo lolwazi kunye novavanyo lwamatyala ogcino (wiki, confluence, njl.) - i-81% efanayo, kodwa kuphela i-27% yazo iphelele.
- Ubuchule kuhlalutyo lovavanyo, uyilo lovavanyo kunye novavanyo lobuchule bokudibanisa – i-58% yeengcali zinaso esi zakhono kakuhle kwaye enye i-18% inobuchule. Ngaba kufanelekile ukuhambisana nabo?
Ngoku makhe sijonge izakhono ezinokuthi zithathwe njengezinqabileyo, kwaye ngoko zihlawulwe kakuhle, kumsebenzi wethu.
Yintoni onokuziqhayisa ngayo kumqeshi/ogxa bakho?
- Amava okuphuhlisa izikripthi zokuvavanya umthwalo kwi-JMeter okanye usetyenziso olufanayo - obona buchule bunqabileyo. Abantu abangama-467 abanaso kwaphela esi zakhono (46,4%). Abantu abali-197 bayithetha kwinqanaba elaneleyo (19,6%). Ngabantu abangama-49 kuphela abanobuchule kuyo, kwaye abangama-36 kubo bafumana ngaphezulu kwe-1500 yeedola.
- Unobuchule kwiinkqubo zokunika ingxelo ngeziphumo zovavanyo oluzenzekelayo (I-Allure, njl.) − Iingcali ezingama-204 zinolwazi olwaneleyo.
- Ulwazi lwabaqhubi kunye nezongezo zovavanyo oluzenzekelayo – 241 iingcali.
- Ulwazi lwezakhelo zovavanyo lwe-automation (TestNG, JUnit, njl.) – 272 iingcali.
Inomdla: Njengoko bekulindelekile, izakhono ezinqabileyo zazikuvavanyo lomthwalo kunye nezakhono zokuzenzekelayo, eziqinisekisa imeko yangoku kwimarike yabasebenzi kwiinkonzo ze-QA. Ukunqongophala kwabaqhubi abazenzekelayo kunye nabaqhubi bemithwalo kubonakala ngokucacileyo kwinqanaba lomvuzo wabo xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iingcali.
Zeziphi izakhono ezihlawula ngcono?
Eyona nto ithobekileyo (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1410 yeedola ngenyanga) Izakhono ezisisiseko ekulandeleni i-bug, izakhono kwintsimi yewebhu / izicelo zeselula, uhlalutyo lovavanyo kunye nokuhlelwa / ukuguquguquka kuhlawulwa.
Hayi kude kubo (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1560 yeedola ngenyanga) izakhono zokudibanisa kunye novavanyo lwedathabheyisi, ubuchule bolawulo loguqulelo kunye neenkqubo zokugawulwa kwemithi ziphelile. Ngokomyinge, bahlawulwa 10-15% ngcono.
Ngcono nangakumbi (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1660 yeedola ngenyanga) Izakhono zokulawula iindawo zokugcina amatyala ovavanyo, ubuchule kwizixhobo zokubeka iliso kwitrafikhi, kunye nobuchule obusisiseko bokuhlala kunye nokwazisa iziphene ziyahlawulwa.
Ewe, ukuba uyawuthanda umzobo we-1770 yeedola, ke, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, wamkelekile kwiligi yee-autotesters, iinjineli zomthwalo kunye nabahlanganisi abaqhubekayo; ezi zizakhono, ngokweziphumo zophando lwethu, zezona zihlawulweyo.
Inomdla: Ukubakho kovavanyo lomthwalo kunye nezakhono ezizenzekelayo kwandisa ubungakanani bomvuzo wakho ngomyinge we-20-25%, kunye nesikhundla esilinganayo kunye namava omsebenzi.
Ingcali ye-QA enezakhono enye kuphela okanye nokuba yi-2-3 iyinto enqabileyo kulo msebenzi. Kuchaneke ngakumbi ukuvavanya iziqinisekiso kunye nomvuzo womvavanyi ngokusekelwe kwinani lezakhono anazo zizonke.
Ingaba inqanaba lomvuzo wengcali ye-QA lixhomekeke kwinani lezakhono azifumeneyo?
Intsomi malunga neenzuzo zobungcali ekuvavanyeni ayizange izithethelele. Inani lezakhono kwi-arsenal yomvavanyi lichaphazela ngqo umvuzo wakhe. Zonke izakhono ezongezelelweyo ze-5-6 kwi-piggy bank yeengcali zikhokelela ekunyuseni kwemivuzo ngama-20-30%. Olona nyuso luqaphelekayo kwimivuzo lelokuba iingcali eziphumelele izakhono ezingaphezulu kwama-20. "I-prodigies" enjalo ifumana i-avareji ye-62% ngaphezu kweengcali ezinqabileyo ezinezakhono ezi-5 kwimithwalo yazo.
Inomdla: Ngabantu abali-12 kuphela kwabali-1006 abanazo zonke izakhono. Bonke banenqanaba eliphezulu lomvuzo. Bonke abantu abayi-12 basebenza eofisini, bonke banamava amaninzi omsebenzi (umphenduli omnye kuphela uneminyaka eyi-2-3 yamava, abanye basasazwa ngokulinganayo kwi-4-6, 7-10 kunye neminyaka engaphezu kwe-10 yamava).
Isiphelo: imifanekiso yeengcali ze-QA
Endaweni yezigqibo ezikruqulayo kunye nokuphinda siqale, sigqibe kwelokuba sizobe imifanekiso yomlomo yeengcali ze-QA ezinamanqanaba ahlukeneyo emivuzo. Imizobo ayifanelekanga kuba ibonisa iseti ethile yeengcali ze-QA, kwaye ke ngoko inokwahluka kwizinto eziyinyani kwiimeko ezithile. Kwakukho imizobo emine iyonke.
Uneentloni
Umfanekiso wengcali ye-QA enenqanaba lomvuzo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-600 yeedola.
Indawo: izixeko ezincinci eRashiya kunye neCIS.
Umqeshi: ikakhulu iinkampani ezivela eRashiya kunye neCIS.
Ubume bomsebenzi: freelancing okanye ishedyuli engqongqo yomsebenzi ekude.
Imfundo: nayiphi na, idla ngokuba luncedo ebantwini.
Udidi/indawo: omncinane.
Amava: ukuya kutsho kunyaka.
Umyalelo olungileyo we: 4-5 izakhono.
Kufuneka ubuncinci:
- iinkqubo zokujonga ibug;
- izakhono zokwenziwa kwendawo kunye nokusekwa kweziphene;
- uvavanyo lwabaxumi bezicelo zewebhu okanye usetyenziso lweselula;
- izakhono zokuhlalutya uvavanyo.
Umgangatho ophakathi
Umfanekiso wengcali ye-QA enenqanaba lomvuzo we-600-1500 yeedola.
Indawo: izixeko ezikhulu zaseRashiya (Saratov, Novosibirsk, Kazan, Rostov, njl.) kunye neCIS, eYurophu.
Umqeshi: ubukhulu becala iinkampani ezivela eRashiya, iCIS kunye nezincinci zaseYurophu.
Ubume bomsebenzi: ubukhulu becala ishedyuli engqongqo yeofisi kunye nomsebenzi okude.
Mfundo: nayiphi na.
Udidi/indawo: omncinci okanye ophakathi.
Amava: I-2-3 yonyaka.
Umyalelo olungileyo we: 6-10 izakhono.
Ukongeza kwiseti esisiseko, ungumnikazi:
— izakhono zokudibanisa kunye novavanyo lwedathabheyisi;
— ulawulo lwenguqulelo kunye neenkqubo zokugawulwa kwemithi.
Uphumelele
Umfanekiso wengcali ye-QA enenqanaba lomvuzo we-1500-2300 yeedola.
Indawo:
- iRashiya (iinkunzi);
— CIS (izixeko ezinabemi abangaphezu kwesigidi);
- IYurophu.
Umqeshi: iinkampani ezinemali evela eYurophu nase-USA.
Ifomathi yomsebenzi: iifomathi zeofisi kunye nomsebenzi okude oguquguqukayo.
Imfundo: nayiphi na, amaxesha amaninzi esemthethweni okanye ulawulo.
Udidi/indawo: ophakathi okanye ophezulu.
Amava: Iminyaka eli-4-6 ubudala.
Umyalelo olungileyo we: 11-18 izakhono.
Kufuneka ube ngumnini wakho:
— iinkqubo zolawulo lolwazi kunye novavanyo lwamatyala;
- izixhobo zokujonga izithuthi;
— Iinkqubo zolawulo lwenguqulelo.
Iingxowa zemali
Umfanekiso wengcali ye-QA enenqanaba lomvuzo eliqala kwi-2300 yeedola.
Indawo:
- ngaphandle kokubhekisela kwindawo (indoda yehlabathi);
- iRashiya (iinkunzi);
- CIS (iinkunzi);
- IYurophu (izixeko ezikhulu);
- I-USA.
Umqeshi: iinkampani ezivela eYurophu nase-USA.
Ubume bomsebenzi: iofisi eguquguqukayo okanye ifomathi ekude eguquguqukayo.
Imfundo: nayiphi na, kodwa ubuchwepheshe bungcono.
Udidi/indawo: Omkhulu okanye uMkhokheli.
Amava: > iminyaka emi-6.
Umyalelo olungileyo we: ngaphezu kwe-19 izakhono zokuvavanya.
Izakhono ezifunekayo ziquka:
— 2-3 izakhono zokuvavanya ngokuzenzekelayo;
- 1-2 izakhono zokuvavanya umthwalo;
- ubuchule kwiinkqubo zokudibanisa eziqhubekayo.
Siyathemba ukuba ngoku kuya kuba lula kuwe ukuba uzivavanye (njengengcali ye-QA) kwimarike yabasebenzi. Mhlawumbi eli nqaku liza kunceda umntu abe nomonde, afunde nzima, kwaye aqale ukukhula kwicala elinenzuzo kakhulu. Umntu uya kuqweba isibindi kunye nedatha ukuthetha nomphathi malunga nokunyuswa komvuzo. Kwaye umntu ekugqibeleni uya kuthatha isigqibo sokushiya i-latitudes yakhe kwaye ahambe ayokuhlala kunxweme lwaseThailand.
Nokuba ungubani na, sikunqwenelela amathamsanqa, kuba sele uyazi malunga nokuba ungakhula phi kwaye ungakanani.
umthombo: www.habr.com