Nantoni na oyithethayo, ulawulo lolwazi (KM) luhlala luyisilwanyana esingaqhelekanga phakathi kweengcali ze-IT: Kubonakala kucacile ukuba ulwazi lunamandla (c), kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo oku kuthetha uhlobo oluthile lolwazi lomntu, amava omntu, uqeqesho olugqityiweyo, izakhono ezimpompeweyo. . Iisistim zolawulo lolwazi olubanzi kushishino kunqabile ukuba zicingelwe, ngobuvila, kwaye, ngokusisiseko, abaqondi ukuba leliphi ixabiso ulwazi lomphuhlisi othile olunokuzisa kuyo yonke inkampani. Kukho iinketho, kunjalo. Kwaye u-Alexey Sidorin ofanayo ovela kwi-CROC mva nje wanikela ngokugqwesileyo . Kodwa ezi ziseyiziganeko ezingaqhelekanga.
Ke kuHabré akukabikho hub ezinikele kulawulo lolwazi, ke ndibhala isithuba sam kwindawo yenkomfa. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuba kukho nantoni na, kuba ngo-Aprili 26, ngenxa yenyathelo leeNkomfa ze-Oleg Bunin, inkomfa yokuqala yaseRashiya yokulawula ulwazi kwi-IT yabanjwa - .
Ndinethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo ukuba ndisebenze kwiKomidi yeNkqubo yeNkomfa, ukubona nokuva izinto ezininzi eziye zajika ihlabathi lam elipholileyo lomphathi wolawulo lolwazi, kwaye ndiqonde ukuba i-IT sele ikhulile ekulawuleni ulwazi. Kuhleli ukuqonda ukuba leliphi icala ekufuneka usondele kulo.
Ngendlela, iinkomfa ezimbini ezingakumbi malunga nokulawulwa kolwazi zabanjwa ngo-Aprili 10 kunye ne-17-19: и , apho ndafumana ithuba lokuba yingcali. Ezi nkomfa azizange zibe ne-IT bias, kodwa ndinento endinokuyithelekisa nayo. Kwisithuba sam sokuqala ndifuna ukuthetha ngeengcinga zokuthatha inxaxheba kwezi nkomfa zandikhuthaza, ingcali yolawulo lolwazi. Oku kunokuthathwa njengengcebiso kwizithethi ezizayo, kunye nakwabo babandakanyekayo kulawulo lolwazi ngomgca womsebenzi.
Sineengxelo ezingama-83, iindawo zokubeka eziyi-24 kunye neentsuku ezili-12 zokuthatha izigqibo
83, uKarl. Oku . Nangona le ngqungquthela yokuqala, kwaye bambalwa abantu ababandakanyekayo ekulawuleni ulwazi oluphakathi kwi-IT, kwakukho umdla omkhulu kwisihloko. Imeko yayintsonkothe kakhulu kukuba ngomhla wokugqibela wokungenisa izicelo, iindawo zokubeka ezili-13 kwezingama-24 zazisele zihleli, kwaye izithethi zazikholelwa ukuba ngexesha elibekiweyo, lonke ulonwabo lwalusaqala, ngoko kwezi ntsuku zimbalwa zidlulileyo baye bavuma. wagalela phantse isiqingatha sezicelo kuthi. Kakade ke, kwiintsuku ezili-12 ngaphambi kokuqukunjelwa kocwangciso, kwakungekho ngqiqweni ukusebenzisana kakuhle nesithethi ngasinye esinokuba sisithethi, ngoko ke, kunokwenzeka ukuba ezinye iingxelo ezibangel’ umdla zaye zashiywa ngenxa yezicatshulwa ezingathandekiyo. Kwaye okwangoku, ndiyakholelwa ukuba inkqubo ibandakanya eyomeleleyo, enzulu kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, isebenzise iingxelo ezineenkcukacha ezininzi kunye nezenzo.
Kodwa ke ndingathanda ukwenza izigqibo ezithile kuhlalutyo lwazo zonke izicelo ezingenisiweyo. Mhlawumbi baya kuba luncedo kwabanye babafundi kwaye baya kunika ingqiqo entsha yolawulo lolwazi. Yonke into endiya kubhala ngokulandelayo i-IMHO ecocekileyo, esekelwe kwiminyaka emithandathu yamava ekwakheni inkqubo yokulawula ulwazi kwi-Kaspersky Lab kunye nokunxibelelana neengcali kwintsimi yesayensi yekhompyutha.
Yintoni ulwazi?
Kwinkomfa yolutsha, isithethi ngasinye, nokuba simethodologist, unjingalwazi waseyunivesithi, okanye isithethi esinoxanduva ngokuthe ngqo lolawulo lolwazi kwinkampani yaso, saqala ngombuzo othi “Loluphi ulwazi esiza kululawula?”
Ndimele ndithi umbuzo ubalulekile. Njengoko amava okusebenza kwi-PC KnowledgeConf 2019 abonise, abaninzi kwintsimi ye-IT bakholelwa ukuba ulwazi = amaxwebhu. Ngoko ke, sihlala sisiva umbuzo othi: “Nangona kunjalo siyayibhala ikhowudi. Kutheni sifuna enye inkqubo yolawulo lolwazi? Amaxwebhu awaneleyo?"
Hayi, akwanelanga. Kuzo zonke iingcaciso izithethi ezizinike ulwazi, eyona isondeleyo kum yeka-Evgeniy Viktorov waseGazpromneft: "Ulwazi ngamava afunyenwe ngumntu othile ekusombululeni ingxaki ethile." Nceda uqaphele, akukho maxwebhu. Uxwebhu lulwazi, idatha. Zingasetyenziselwa ukusombulula ingxaki ethile, kodwa ulwazi lunamava ekusebenziseni le datha, kwaye kungekhona idatha ngokwayo. Njengakwizitampu zokuposa: unokuthenga isitampu esona sibizi kakhulu kwiofisi yeposi, kodwa ufumana ixabiso kumqokeleli kuphela emva kokuba isitampu sesitampu sokuposa. Unokuzama ukutyhila ngakumbi: amaxwebhu = "into ebhaliweyo kwikhowudi", kunye nolwazi = "kutheni kubhalwe ngokuchanekileyo ngendlela ebekuyo, indlela esi sigqibo senziwe ngayo, yiphi injongo esiyisombululayo."
Kufuneka kuthiwe ekuqaleni kwakungekho mvumelwano phakathi kwamalungu ePC malunga namaxwebhu kunye nolwazi. Ndiyichaza le nyaniso kwinto yokuba iPC eneneni ibandakanya abantu abavela kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi, kwaye wonke umntu wayebandakanyeka kulawulo lolwazi kumacala ahlukeneyo. Kodwa ekugqibeleni safikelela kwinqanaba elifanayo. Kodwa ukucacisela izithethi ukuba kutheni ingxelo yazo yokubhalwa kwekhowudi ingafanelekanga kule nkomfa, ngamanye amaxesha, yayingumsebenzi onzima.
Uqeqesho vs. Ulawulo loLwazi
Kwakhona inkalo enomdla. Ingakumbi kwezi ntsuku zidlulileyo, sifumene iingxelo ezininzi malunga noqeqesho. Malunga nendlela yokufundisa izakhono ezithambileyo, izakhono ezinzima, ukuqeqesha, njl. Ewe, kunjalo, ukufunda kumalunga nolwazi. Kodwa zeziphi? Ukuba sithetha ngoqeqesho lwangaphandle okanye “njengoko lunjalo” uqeqesho, ngaba oku kubandakanyiwe kwingqikelelo yolawulo lolwazi lwequmrhu? Sithatha ubuchule bangaphandle kwaye sibusebenzise apho bubuhlungu khona. Ewe, abantu abathile bafumana amava amatsha (=ulwazi), kodwa akukho nto yenzekayo kwinkampani ngokubanzi.
Ngoku, ukuba, emva kokugqiba uqeqesho, umqeshwa weza e-ofisini kwaye waqhuba iklasi yenkosi efanayo kwabo asebenza nabo (wagqogqa ukuze afumane ulwazi) okanye adlulisele iimbono zakhe kunye nezimvo eziphambili aziqokelele kuhlobo oluthile lwesiseko solwazi lwangaphakathi olunemiqathango - oku. lulawulo lolwazi. Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo abacingi (okanye bathethe) ngolu nxibelelwano.
Ukuba sithatha amava obuqu, kuyinto yesiko kwisebe lethu emva kwenkomfa ukuchaza iimpembelelo, iingongoma eziphambili, iingcamango, uluhlu lweencwadi ezicetyiswayo, njl. kwicandelo elikhethekileyo le-portal yangaphakathi. Oku kunjalo xa kungekho nkcaso phakathi kweengcamango. Ulawulo lolwazi, kule meko, lulwandiso lwendalo lokufunda ngaphandle.
Ngoku, ukuba oogxa abangenise iingxelo malunga noqeqesho baya kuthetha, umzekelo, malunga nendlela ababelana ngayo ngeendlela zabo zokuqeqesha kunye neziqhamo ezizisayo, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kuba malunga neCM.
Okanye masiyithathe kwelinye icala. Kwakukho neengxelo malunga nendlela inkampani eyenza ngayo isiseko solwazi. Ichaphaza. Ingcamango egqityiweyo.
Kodwa kwakutheni ukuze bayidale? Ulwazi oluqokelelweyo kufuneka lusebenze? Ngaphandle koluntu lwe-IT, olusasetyenziswa ngakumbi kwaye lusebenza, ndihlala ndidibana nebali lokuba abenzi beprojekthi yolawulo lolwazi bakholelwa ukuba kwanele ukuthenga isoftware, ukuyigcwalisa ngezinto eziphathekayo, kwaye wonke umntu uya kuyisebenzisa ngokwakhe ukuba kuyimfuneko. Kwaye ke bayamangaliswa ukuba ngandlela-thile i-KM ayisuki. Kwaye kwakukho izithethi ezinjalo.
Ngokombono wam, siqokelela ulwazi ukuze kwisiseko salo umntu afunde into kwaye angenzi iimpazamo. Uqeqesho lwangaphakathi lulwandiso lwendalo lwenkqubo yolawulo lolwazi. Thatha i-onboarding okanye ingcebiso kumaqela: emva kwayo yonke loo nto, abacebisi babelane ngolwazi lwangaphakathi ukuze umqeshwa ajoyine iqela kunye neenkqubo ngokukhawuleza. Kwaye ukuba sinesiseko solwazi lwangaphakathi, luphi lonke olu lwazi? Ngaba oku ayisosizathu sokukhulula umthwalo womsebenzi womcebisi kunye nokukhawulezisa ukukhwela? Ngaphezu koko, ulwazi luya kufumaneka 24/7, kwaye kungekhona xa iqela elikhokelayo linexesha. Kwaye ukuba inkampani iza kule ngcamango, inkcaso phakathi kwemigaqo inokususwa.
Kwindlela yam yokusebenza, yile nto kanye ndiyenzayo: Ndiqokelela ulwazi, kwaye emva koko, ngokusekelwe kwizinto eziqokelelweyo, ndenza iikhosi zoqeqesho lwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo eenkcukacha kubalingane abavela kumasebe ahlukeneyo. Kwaye ukuba wongeza enye imodyuli kwinkqubo yolawulo lolwazi ukwenza uvavanyo lokubeka iliso kulwazi kunye nezakhono zabasebenzi, ngoko ngokubanzi ufumana umfanekiso ofanelekileyo wokwabelana ngolwazi lwenkampani: abanye babelane ngolwazi, abanye bayalulungisa, balupakishe kwaye yabelane ngayo kumaqela ekujoliswe kuwo, kwaye emva koko sajonga ukwenziwa kwezinto.
Intengiso vs. Ziqhelise
Umzuzu nawo unomdla. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba ulawulo lolwazi luqhutywa ngumqeshwa okhethiweyo (HR, L & D), ngoko umsebenzi wakhe omkhulu kukuthengisa ingcamango ye-KM kubasebenzi benkampani kunye nokudala ixabiso. Wonke umntu kufuneka athengise umbono. Kodwa ukuba ulawulo lolwazi lwenziwa ngumntu osombulula intlungu yakhe kunye nesi sixhobo, kwaye engenzi umsebenzi wokulawula, ngoko ngokuqhelekileyo ugcina ingqalelo kwiinkalo ezisetyenzisiweyo zeprojekthi. Kwaye umqeshwa wophuhliso lwabasebenzi uhlala efumana i-deformation ethile yobuchwephesha: ubona indlela yokuthengisa ngayo, kodwa akayiqondi kakuhle ukuba kutheni yenziwe ngolo hlobo. Kwaye ingxelo ingeniswe kwinkomfa, eyintetho yesiqingatha seyure esulungekileyo yokuthengisa malunga nokuba yeyiphi na into esiza nayo le nkqubo, kwaye ayiqulathanga negama malunga nendlela esebenza ngayo. Kodwa le yeyona nto inomdla kwaye ibalulekileyo! Icwangciswa njani? Kutheni kunjalo nje? Luluphi ukuzalwa awalufumanayo, kwaye yintoni eyayingamfanelanga ekuphunyezweni kwangaphambili?
Ukuba wenza i-wrapper entle yemveliso, unokubonelela ngabasebenzisi ixesha elifutshane. Kodwa umdla uya kukhawuleza uphele. Ukuba umphumezi weprojekthi yokulawula ulwazi akayiqondi "inyama" yayo, ucinga ngamanani kunye neemetriki, kwaye kungekhona kwiingxaki zangempela zabaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kuzo, ngoko ukuhla kuya kufika ngokukhawuleza.
Xa uza kwinkomfa enengxelo enjalo, ebonakala ngathi incwadana yentengiso, kufuneka uqonde ukuba akuyi kuba nomdla "ngaphandle" kwenkampani yakho. Abantu abeze kukuphulaphula sele beyithengile ingcamango (eneneni bahlawule imali eninzi ukuze bathathe inxaxheba!). Akudingeki ukuba baqiniseke ukuba kuyimfuneko, ngokomgaqo, ukubandakanya kwi-CT. Kufuneka baxelelwe ukuba mabenze njani kwaye bangayenzi njani, nokuba kutheni. Olu ayingolawulo lwakho oluphezulu; ibhonasi yakho ayixhomekeke kubaphulaphuli abaseholweni.
Kwaye okwangoku, ezi zikwangamacandelo amabini eprojekthi enye, kwaye ngaphandle konyuso oluhle ngaphakathi kwinkampani, kwanowona mxholo upholileyo uya kuhlala ungomnye weSabelo. Kwaye ukuba undixelele njani uthengisa umbono we-KM kubalingane bakho, obonisa umsebenzi kwaye ongasebenziyo, kwaye kutheni, ke ibali liya kuba lixabiseke kakhulu.
Kodwa enye into egqithisileyo inokwenzeka: senze esona siseko sipholileyo, sasebenzisa iindlela eziphucukileyo, kodwa ngenxa yesizathu esithile abasebenzi khange baye apho. Ngoko ke, saphoxeka yiloo ngcamango saza sayeka ukuyenza. Sasinazo nezicelo ezinjalo. Kwakutheni ukuze abasebenzi bangaxhasi? Mhlawumbi abazange bafune ngokwenene olu lwazi (le ngxaki yokufunda abaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo, kufuneka kubhalwe isithuba esahlukileyo malunga nalo). Okanye ngaba bebenxibelelene kakuhle? Bade bakwenza njani oko? Umphathi wolawulo lolwazi ukwayingcali yePR elungileyo. Kwaye ukuba uyazi ukugcina ibhalansi phakathi kokukhuthazwa kunye nokusetyenziswa komxholo, ngoko unethuba elikhulu lokuphumelela. Awukwazi ukuthetha ngenye ngelixa ulibala ngenye.
Amanani
Kwaye ekugqibeleni, malunga namanani. Ndifunde kwimemo yesithethi kwenye yeenkomfa (kungekhona i-KnowledgeConf!) Ukuba abaphulaphuli bathanda ulwazi olukhethekileyo - amanani. Kodwa kutheni? Ngaphambi kwaloo nkomfa, ndacinga ixesha elide malunga nendlela amanani am anokuba luncedo ngayo kubaphulaphuli? Kuya kunceda njani oogxa bam ukuba ndikwazile ukuphucula isalathisi semveliso yabasebenzi nge-N% ngolawulo lolwazi? Baza kwenza ntoni ngokwahlukileyo abaphulaphuli bam ngomso xa bewazi amanani am? Ndize nengxabano enye kuphela: “Ndiyithandile enye yeendlela zenu, ndifuna ukuyiphumeza ngokwam, kodwa kufuneka ndithengise umbono kumphathi. Ngomso ndiza kumxelela ukuba kwinkampani X kukhokelele ekonyukeni kwezikhombisi ukuba "wathenga" lo mbono.. Kodwa ayizizo zonke iimpawu zam zokusebenza ezisebenzayo kulo naliphi na elinye ishishini. Mhlawumbi unganikeza ezinye iingxoxo ezixhasa amanani kwiingxelo? Kodwa ngokoluvo lwam, ukuchitha imizuzu eyi-10 yengxelo yemizuzu engama-30 kumanani xa unokuwachitha kwimizekelo esebenzayo okanye nakwindibano yocweyo encinci enabaphulaphuli, i-IMHO, ayingombono olungileyo.
Kwaye sanikwa neengxelo ezigcwele amanani. Emva kwengxubusho yokuqala, sacela izithethi ukuba zithethe ngemikhwa ekhokelele kwimiphumo enjalo. Abo bade bafikelela kwinkqubo yokugqibela babe neengxelo ezahluke phantse ngokupheleleyo kuhlobo lokuqala. Ngenxa yoko, sele siyivile ingxelo eninzi ngesiseko esikhulu esisebenzayo esibonelelwe yinkomfa. Kwaye akukho mntu sele etshilo ukuba "ibinomdla ukufumanisa ukuba ingakanani inkampani i-X egcinwe ngolawulo lolwazi."
Ukuqukumbela olu fundo lude, ndingathanda ukuphinda ndivuyiswe kukuba ihlabathi le-IT liye laqonda ukubaluleka kolawulo lolwazi kwaye, ndiyathemba, liya kuqalisa ukuphumeza ngenkuthalo, ukulungelelanisa kunye nokwenza ngokwezifiso kwixesha elizayo elingekude. Kwaye kuHabré kuya kubakho ihabhu eyahlukileyo enikezelwe kulawulo lolwazi, kwaye zonke izithethi zethu ziya kwabelana ngolwazi noogxa bethu apho. Okwangoku, unokuphonononga izenzo kwizithunywa ezikhawulezayo, i-Facebook kunye nezinye iindlela ezikhoyo zokunxibelelana. Sininqwenelela kuphela iingxelo eziluncedo kunye neentetho eziyimpumelelo!
umthombo: www.habr.com