Imfuno yeengcali ze-IT ezinetalente inkulu kunangaphambili. Ngenxa yedijithali epheleleyo yeshishini, abaphuhlisi baye baba sesona sixhobo sixabisekileyo kwiinkampani. Nangona kunjalo, kunzima kakhulu ukufumana abantu abafanelekileyo kwiqela; ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo kuye kwaba yingxaki engapheliyo.
Ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi kwicandelo le-IT
Umzobo wemarike namhlanje yile: kukho iingcali ezimbalwa, aziqeqeshwanga, kwaye akukho zingcaphephe esele zenziwe kwiindawo ezininzi ezidumileyo. Makhe sijonge iinyani kunye namanani.
1. Ngokophononongo olwenziwa yi-Internet Initiatives Development Fund, imfundo yamabanga aphakamileyo kunye nesekondari izisa iingcali ze-IT ezingamawaka angama-60 kuphela kwiimarike ngonyaka. Ngokutsho kweengcali, kwiminyaka eyi-10 uqoqosho lwaseRashiya lunokunqongophala malunga nezigidi ezibini zabaphuhlisi ukukhuphisana neNtshona kwintsimi yeteknoloji.
2. Sele kukho izithuba ezininzi kunezabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo. Ngokutsho kwe-HeadHunter, ngaphezu kweminyaka emibini yodwa (ukusuka kwi-2016 ukuya kwi-2018), iinkampani zaseRashiya zipapashe ngaphezu kwe-300 yamawaka emisebenzi yokunikezelwa kweengcali ze-IT. Ngelo xesha, i-51% yeentengiso zibhekiswe kubantu abanonyaka omnye ukuya kwemithathu yamava, i-36% kwiingcali ezineminyaka engama-9 yamava, kunye ne-XNUMX% kuphela kubaqalayo.
3. Ngokophando olwenziwe yi-VTsIOM kunye ne-APKIT, kuphela i-13% yabaphumeleleyo bakholelwa ukuba ulwazi lwabo lwanele ukusebenza kwiiprojekthi ze-IT zokwenene. Iikholeji kunye neeyunivesithi eziphambili kakhulu azinalo ixesha lokulungelelanisa iinkqubo zemfundo kwiimfuno zemarike yabasebenzi. Bakufumana kunzima ukuhambisana notshintsho olukhawulezayo kubuchwepheshe, izisombululo kunye neemveliso ezisetyenziswayo.
4. Ngokwe-IDC, yi-3,5% kuphela yeengcali ze-IT ezinolwazi lwangoku ngokupheleleyo. Iinkampani ezininzi zaseRussia zivula amaziko azo oqeqesho ukuze zivale izikhewu kwaye zilungiselele abasebenzi kwiimfuno zabo.
Umzekelo, iiParallels zinelabhoratri yayo e-MSTU. Bauman kunye nentsebenziswano esondeleyo kunye nezinye iiyunivesithi eziphambili zobugcisa eRashiya, kunye neTinkoff Bank iququzelele izifundo kwiFaculty of Mechanics and Mathematics of Moscow State University kunye nesikolo sasimahla sabaphuhlisi befintech.
Akunjalo kuphela iRashiya ejongene nengxaki yokunqongophala kwabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo. Amanani ayahluka, kodwa imeko iphantse ifane e-USA, Great Britain, Australia, Canada, Germany, France... Kukho ukunqongophala okupheleleyo kweengcali kwihlabathi lonke. Ngoko ke, kukho umzabalazo wokwenene wokufumana okona kulungileyo. Kwaye ama-nuances afana nobuzwe, isini, iminyaka yinto yokugqibela ekhathaza abaqeshi.
Ukufuduka kweengcali ze-IT zaseRashiya phesheya
Akukho mfihlo ukuba ukhuphiswano lwenkqubo lwamazwe ngamazwe lulawulwa ngabaphuhlisi abavela eRashiya. IKhowudi yeKhowudi kaGoogle, iMicrosoft imagine Cup, iCEPC, iTopCoder - olu luluhlu nje oluncinci lweentshatsheli ezidumileyo apho iingcaphephe zethu zifumana amanqaku aphezulu. Ngaba uyazi ukuba bathini malunga nabaprogram baseRashiya phesheya?
- Ukuba unengxaki yenkqubo enzima, yinike abantu baseMelika. Ukuba kunzima kakhulu, yiya kumaTshayina. Ukuba ucinga ukuba akunakwenzeka, yinike amaRashiya!
Akumangalisi ukuba iinkampani ezifana neGoogle, Apple, IBM, Intel, Oracle, Amazon, Microsoft, kunye ne-Facebook zixhaphaza abaphuhlisi bethu. Kwaye abaqeshwa bale mibutho akufuneki nokuba bazame nzima kakhulu; uninzi lweengcali ze-IT zaseRussia ngokwazo ziphupha ngalo msebenzi, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukufudukela phesheya. Ngoba? Kukho izizathu ezimbalwa zoku.
Umvuzo
Ewe, imivuzo eRashiya ayiyona incinci (ingakumbi kubaphuhlisi). Baphezulu kunakwinani lamazwe aseAsia naseAfrika. Kodwa e-US kunye ne-EU iimeko zinomtsalane ngakumbi ... malunga namaxesha amathathu ukuya kwahlanu. Yaye kungakhathaliseki ukuba bathetha kangakanani na ukuba imali asiyonto iphambili, ngabo abangumlinganiselo wempumelelo kwibutho lanamhlanje. Awukwazi ukuthenga ulonwabo kunye nabo, kodwa unokuthenga amathuba amatsha kunye nenkululeko ethile. Yile nto bahamba ngayo.
Amazwe abeka kuqala ngokwemivuzo. Abaphuhlisi besoftware eAmazon bafumana umndilili we-121 yeedola ngonyaka. Ukwenza kucace ngakumbi, oku malunga nama-ruble angama-931 ngenyanga. IMicrosoft kunye ne-Facebook bahlawula ngakumbi - i-$ 630 kunye ne-$ 000 ngonyaka, ngokulandelanayo. IYurophu ikhuthaza kancinci ngamathemba ezinto eziphathekayo. Ngokomzekelo, eJamani, umvuzo wonyaka yi-140 000 yeedola, eSwitzerland - i-$ 135 000. Kodwa nangona kunjalo, imivuzo yaseRashiya ayikafiki kwiYurophu.
Imiba yezentlalo noqoqosho
Imali ebuthathaka kunye nemeko yezoqoqosho engazinzanga eRashiya, kunye neengcamango ezinqwenelekayo malunga nokungcono kwamanye amazwe, zikwakhuthaza abaphuhlisi abanetalente ukuba bashiye ilizwe labo. Emva kwakho konke, kubonakala ngathi kumazwe angaphandle angaphandle kukho amathuba amaninzi, kwaye isimo sezulu singcono, kwaye iyeza lingcono, kwaye ukutya kunencasa, kwaye ngokubanzi ubomi bulula kwaye bukhululekile.
Ngokubanzi, iingcali ze-IT ziqala ukucinga ngokuhamba ngelixa zisafunda. Sinezibhengezo eziqaqambileyo nezimemayo βzoMsebenzi e-USAβ kwiipaseji zamaziko emfundo aphambili kweli lizwe, kwaye iiofisi zabaqeshwa zibekwe kanye kwiifaculty. Ngokweenkcukacha-manani, abadwelisi benkqubo abane kwabathandathu baya kusebenza phesheya kwisithuba seminyaka emithathu emva kokuphumelela. Oku kutsalwa kwengqondo kuhlutha ilizwe labasebenzi abanezakhono ezifunekayo ukuxhasa uqoqosho.
Ngaba ikhona indlela yokuphuma?
Okokuqala, umgaqo-nkqubo wolutsha kufuneka ube nefuthe ekuncitshisweni kokuphuma kwabasebenzi kumazwe angaphandle. Kusemdleni wombuso ukuqonda ukuba eyona meko ibalulekileyo kuphuhliso loqoqosho lwesizwe alukho nje uqeqesho lwesizukulwana esilandelayo seenjineli zekhompyuter, kodwa kunye nokukhangela iindlela zokutsala kunye nokugcina abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo ekhaya. Ukukhuphisana kwelizwe kuxhomekeke koku.
Ngenxa yobutyebi bayo babantu abatyebileyo, iRussia kufuneka ibe lelinye lamaziko etekhnoloji ehlabathi. Kodwa obu buchule ayikafezeki. Iinyani zale mihla zinje ukuba urhulumente uyacotha ukuphendula "kwi-brain drain". Ngenxa yoko, iinkampani zaseRashiya kufuneka zikhuphisane kwihlabathi jikelele ngetalente efanayo.
Indlela yokugcina umphuhlisi oxabisekileyo? Kubalulekile ukutyalomali kuqeqesho lwakhe. Intsimi ye-IT ifuna ukuhlaziywa rhoqo kwezakhono nolwazi. Inkqubela phambili exhaswa yinkampani yinto abantu abaninzi abayifunayo kwaye bayilindele kubaqeshi babo. Ngokuqhelekileyo umnqweno wokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe unxulunyaniswa nenkolelo yokuba eRashiya akuyi kuba nako ukuphuhlisa umsebenzi okanye ukufunda ubugcisa obutsha. Ngqina ngenye indlela.
Ngokomgaqo, umba wophuhliso lomntu unokusombululwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Oku akunyanzelekanga ukuba kuhlawulwe iikhosi okanye iinkomfa zamazwe ngamazwe ezibiza imali eninzi. Inketho elungileyo kukunika umsebenzi womsebenzi oza kukuvumela ukuba ulawule itekhnoloji entsha okanye iilwimi zokucwangcisa. Ngokukhethekileyo ezo wonke umntu athetha ngazo. Abaphuhlisi bayayithanda imingeni. Ngaphandle kwabo bayakruquka. Kwaye ukudibanisa uqeqesho ngokuthe ngqo kwiiprojekthi zenkampani lukhetho lokuphumelela kubo bobabini abasebenzi kunye neshishini.
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Abaphuhlisi abanetalente abafuni umsebenzi olula, oqhelekileyo. Banomdla ekusombululeni iingxaki, ukufumana izisombululo zokuqala, kunye nokuhamba ngaphaya kweemodeli eziqhelekileyo. Kwiinkampani ezinkulu zaseMelika, iingcali zethu ze-IT azikho kwizikhundla zokuqala; izinto ezinzima azifane zinikezelwe kubo. Imisebenzi enomdla kakhulu ekuvumela ukuba uphuhlise izakhono kwindawo etofotofo yemibutho yaseRussia yinto ebalaseleyo yokuchasana nokutsala kwemivuzo ephezulu e-USA naseYurophu.
umthombo: www.habr.com