Π’ Π½ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… сборках Firefox появилась ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° HTTP/3

Π’ yakha ngobusuku Firefox, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ лягут Π² основу выпуска Firefox 72, Π·Π°ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π° 7 января, yongezwe ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° HTTP/3. По ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ HTTP/3 ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Ρ‘Π½ ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Β«network.http.http3.enabledΒ» Π² about:config.

ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° HTTP/3 Π² Firefox основана Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Mozilla ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π΅ neqo, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ сСрвСра для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° QUIC. Код ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ HTTP/3 ΠΈ QUIC написан Π½Π° языкС Rust.
Из клиСнтского ПО ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° HTTP/3 Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ yongezwe Π² Chrome ΠΈ curl, Π° для сСрвСров доступна Π² Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅ модуля для nginx ΠΈ тСстового сСрвСра Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ quiche (umiliselo QUIC ΠΈ HTTP/3 Π½Π° языкС Rust ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Cloudflare). Для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² HTTP/3 yasungulwa нСсколько тСстовых сайтов, большая Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ открываСтся Π² Firefox (HTTP/3 находится Π½Π° стадии Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ спСцификации ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ стандартизирован).

Khumbula ukuba i-HTTP/3 ibeka umgangatho wokusetyenziswa kweprotocol ye-QUIC njengothutho lwe-HTTP/2. Umgaqo-nkqubo QUIC (I-Quick UDP Internet Connections) iye yaphuhliswa yiGoogle ukususela ngo-2013 njengenye indlela yokudibanisa i-TCP + TLS yeWebhu, ukuxazulula iingxaki ngokuseta ixesha elide kunye namaxesha othethathethwano lokudibanisa kwi-TCP kunye nokuphelisa ukulibaziseka xa iipakethi zilahlekile ngexesha lokudluliselwa kwedatha. I-QUIC lulwandiso lweprotocol ye-UDP exhasa ukuphindaphindwa koqhagamshelo oluninzi kwaye ibonelele ngeendlela zofihlo ezilingana neTLS/SSL.

Siseko Iimbonakalo QUIC:

  • Ukhuseleko oluphezulu olufana ne-TLS (ngokubalulekileyo i-QUIC ibonelela ngokukwazi ukusebenzisa i-TLS ngaphezu kwe-UDP);
  • Ukulawulwa kwengqibelelo yokuhambahamba, ukuthintela ukulahleka kwepakethi;
  • Ukukwazi ukuseka ngokukhawuleza uxhulumaniso (i-0-RTT, malunga ne-75% yeemeko zedatha zingathunyelwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuthumela ipakethi yokuseta uxhulumaniso) kwaye unikeze ukulibaziseka okuncinci phakathi kokuthumela isicelo kunye nokufumana impendulo (RTT, Round Trip Time);
  • Ukungasebenzisi inombolo yolandelelwano efanayo xa uphinda uthumela ipakethi, nto leyo inqanda ukungafihli ekuchongeni iipakethi ezifunyenweyo kunye nokulahla ukuphelelwa kwexesha;
  • Ukulahleka kwepakethi kuchaphazela kuphela ukuhanjiswa komlambo ohambelana nayo kwaye akuyeki ukuhanjiswa kwedatha kwimijelo ehambelanayo ehanjiswa ngoxhumo lwangoku;
  • Iimpawu zokulungiswa kweempazamo ezinciphisa ukulibaziseka ngenxa yokuthunyelwa kwakhona kweepakethi ezilahlekileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kweekhowudi ezikhethekileyo zokulungiswa kweempazamo kwinqanaba lepakethe ukunciphisa iimeko ezifuna ukuhanjiswa kwakhona kwedatha yepakethe elahlekileyo.
  • Imida yebhloko ye-Cryptographic ihambelana nemida yepakethe ye-QUIC, eyanciphisa impembelelo yokulahlekelwa kwepakethi kwi-decoding imixholo yeepakethi ezilandelayo;
  • Akukho ngxaki ngokuvalwa komgca we-TCP;
  • Inkxaso yokuchonga uxhulumaniso, okunciphisa ixesha elithathayo ukuseka uxhulumaniso kwakhona kubaxhasi beselula;
  • Ukubanakho kokudibanisa iindlela zokulawula ukuxinana koqhagamshelwano oluphambili;
  • Isebenzisa iindlela zoqikelelo lwengqikelelo yomkhomba-ndlela ngamnye ukuqinisekisa ukuba iipakethi zithunyelwa ngemilinganiselo efanelekileyo, zithintele ukuba zingaxinani kwaye zibangele ilahleko yepakethe;
  • Kuyaqondakala ukukhula ukusebenza kunye nokuphumelela xa kuthelekiswa ne-TCP. Kwiinkonzo zevidiyo ezifana ne-YouTube, i-QUIC ibonakaliswe ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwakhona xa ubukele iividiyo nge-30%.

umthombo: opennet.ru

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