Iingcali zeFiziksi ezivela kwiMoscow Institute of Physics and Technology kunye noogxa baseMoscow Pedagogical State University kunye neYunivesithi yaseManchester baye benza i-terahertz radiation detector ebuthathaka kakhulu esekelwe kwimpembelelo ye-tunneling kwi-graphene. Enyanisweni, i-transistor ye-tunnel-effect ye-field yaguqulwa yaba ngumtshini, onokuvulwa ngezibonakaliso "ezivela emoyeni", kwaye zingahanjiswa ngeesekethe eziqhelekileyo.
I-quantum tunneling. Umthombo womfanekiso: UDaria Sokol, inkonzo ye-MIPT press
Ukufumanisa, okwakusekelwe kwiingcamango zefiziksi uMikhail Dyakonov noMikhail Shur abacetywayo ekuqaleni kwe-1990s, kusondeza ixesha lobuchwepheshe be-terahertz obungenazintambo. Oku kuthetha ukuba isantya sonxibelelwano olungenazingcingo luya kunyuka amaxesha amaninzi, kwaye itekhnoloji yeradar kunye nokhuseleko, i-astronomy yerediyo kunye noxilongo lwezonyango luya kunyuka luye kwinqanaba elitsha.
Umbono weengcali zefiziksi zaseRussia yayikukuba itonela ye-transistor yacetywa ukuba ingasetyenziselwa ukukhulisa umqondiso kunye nokuthotywa kweempawu, kodwa njengesixhobo “esiguqula umqondiso omodareyithiweyo ube ngolandelelwano lweebits okanye ulwazi lwelizwi ngenxa yobudlelwane obungahambelaniyo. phakathi kwangoku kunye nombane.” Ngamanye amazwi, isiphumo sokuthotywa kwetonela singenzeka kwinqanaba eliphantsi kakhulu lomqondiso kwisango le-transistor, eliya kuvumela i-transistor ukuba iqalise i-tunnel current (evulekileyo) nakwimpawu ebuthathaka kakhulu.
Kutheni i-classic scheme yokusebenzisa i-transistors ayifanelekanga? Xa ufudukela kuluhlu lwe-terahertz, uninzi lwee-transistors ezikhoyo azinalo ixesha lokufumana intlawulo efunekayo, ngoko ke isekethe yerediyo yeklasikhi enesandisi-signali esibuthathaka kwi-transistor elandelwa yi-demodulation iba ingasebenzi. Kuyimfuneko nokuba kuphuculwe i-transistors, esebenza kwakhona ukuya kumda othile, okanye ukunika into eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Iingcali zefiziksi zaseRashiya zayicebisa kanye le “enye.”
I-Graphene tunnel transistor njengesixhobo se-terahertz. Umthombo womfanekiso: Unxibelelwano lweNdalo
"Umbono wempendulo eyomeleleyo ye-tunnel transistor ukuya kumbane ophantsi waziwa malunga neminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu," utshilo omnye wababhali bophononongo, intloko yelabhoratri ye-optoelectronics yezixhobo ezimacala mabini kwiziko leFotonics. kunye neZixhobo eziDimensional ezimbini kwi-MIPT, nguDmitry Svintsov. Ngaphambi kwethu, akukho mntu waqonda ukuba le ndawo inye ye-tunnel transistor inokusetyenziswa kubuchwephesha be-terahertz. Njengoko izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa, "ukuba i-transistor ivula kwaye ivale kakuhle kumandla aphantsi ophawu lolawulo, kufanele ukuba ilungile ekuchongeni umqondiso obuthathaka emoyeni."
Kuvavanyo, oluchazwe kwijenali yoNxibelelwano lweNdalo, itonela ye-transistor yenziwe kwi-bilayer graphene. Uvavanyo lubonise ukuba ubuntununtunu besixhobo kwimowudi yetonela yimiyalelo emininzi yobukhulu obuphezulu kunaleyo ikwimowudi yothutho yakudala. Ke ngoko, umtshina wovavanyo we-transistor wajika waba mbi ngakumbi kunovakalelo kune-superconductor efanayo kunye ne-semiconductor bolometers ezikhoyo kwimarike. Ithiyori icebisa ukuba igraphene ecocekileyo, kokukhona uvakalelo luya kuba phezulu, olugqithise kakhulu ubunakho bezixhobo zanamhlanje ze-terahertz, kwaye oku akusiyo indaleko, kodwa lutshintsho kushishino.
umthombo: 3dnews.ru