Ngokubaluleka komsebenzi kwinkalo yokudlulisa ulwazi.
Uvulindlela kule nkupho yangoku nguV.A. Kotelnikov. Ngexesha lokuthweswa isidanga kwi-MPEI zapapashwa ngo-1932. imisebenzi, enye eyayibizwa ngokuba "Kwi-throughput ye"ether" kunye nocingo kwi-telecommunications" kwaye yangeniswa kwingxelo ye-First All-Union Congress malunga nokwakhiwa ngokutsha kobugcisa bonxibelelwano kunye nophuhliso lweshishini eliphantsi langoku. Ingqungquthela ayizange ibekho. Yapapashwa ngowe-1933. njengesixhobo sengxelo (eyamkelweyo ukuba ipapashwe kwi
NgoNovemba 1932). Yeyiphi isiqinisekiso esisemthethweni sokubaluleka. Emva kokugqiba izifundo zakhe zesidanga, uVladimir wabika umsebenzi wakhe kwiBhunga lezeMfundo. Ingxelo yavunywa, umsebenzi othi "Mayela nokugqithiswa ..." awuzange uqondwe - "... kubonakala kuyinyaniso, kodwa isayensi yesayensi."
Okokuqala, lo msebenzi ubonise imikhomba-ndlela ethembisayo yophuhliso lonxibelelwano kunye nokunqunyulwa kweendawo zokuphela. Okwesibini, kwinkalo yolwazi yeengxaki zonxibelelwano, ukuhanjiswa kwedijithali kolwazi kwangqinelwa ngokwezibalo, ithiyori edumileyo.
Kotelnikov. Enyanisweni, lo msebenzi uqulethe iithiyori ezisi-7.
Inye leyo uShannon nabanye abafana naye bayibiza ngokuba “yireference theorem,” awayipapasha kwiminyaka eli-15 kamva ngowe-1948. Emva koko, ngo-1970, ngophuhliso lwe-electronics, kwakukho ukunyuka kwemvelo komdla ekuhanjisweni kolwazi lwedijithali. Ngowe-1977 Kwaphakama umbuzo xa kumiselwa izinto eziphambili ngokubaluleka kwaza kwacetywa ithiyori ye-WKS, uWhittaker-Kotelnikov-Shannon.
Ngo-1999 I-Eduard Rhein Foundation, ishwankathela impumelelo ebalaseleyo yezenzululwazi yenkulungwane yama-XNUMX, yawonga isazinzulu saseSoviet uVladimir Aleksandrovich Kotelnikov kudidi “lophando olusisiseko” “kwithiyori yokuqala yeembekiselo eyaqulunqwa yaza yapapashwa ngokuchanekileyo.”
Enye inqaku elinomdla.
Igama likaHarry Nyquist liyavela, ekusenokwenzeka ukuba wayengomnye wabokuqala ukuqonda kunye nokuvakalisa umbono wokuba iisampulu zomqondiso kufuneka zahluke ngamaxesha alinganayo.
malunga nebhanti eguqukileyo yobubanzi bayo obubonakalayo. Oku kuhlala kukhokelela, ngakumbi kwizazinzulu zaseNtshona, ekusebenziseni igama elithi "Nyquist sampling rule." Kodwa ukuqiqa kwakhe kwakunxulumene nengxaki yokuhanjiswa okungagqwethiweyo komqondiso we-telegraph, nangona babekufutshane nengxaki yokuhanjiswa okungagqwethiweyo komqondiso we-analog. UNjingalwazi D. Luke kwinqaku elithetha ngemvelaphi yethiyori yesampulu walatha koku: “Isazinzulu sokuqala esaqulunqa ngokuchanekileyo ingcamango yesampulu size siyisebenzise kwingxaki yethiyori yonxibelelwano nobugcisa mhlawumbi nguV.A.
Ukuphambuka okuncinci kananjalo malunga nezinto eziphambili.
Ngowe-1939 U-Vladimir Aleksandrovich wenza izixhobo zonxibelelwano kwelinye iqela kwaye wazihlanganisa yedwa, ngokuqinisekileyo kungekhona yedwa, kuba ishishini lalile: "Akukho mntu wakha wayenza le nto ngaphambili."
wenze." Ifakwe kodwa ayizange yamkelwe kumgca weMoscow-Khabarovsk. Ayamkelwa: “Kulula ukuva.” Emva kokufunda inqaku nguH. Dudley, uKotelnikov wenza izixhobo zokubethela intetho kunye
yachaza ingcamango yayo kwingxelo ethi “Amalungiselelo asisiseko oshicilelo oluzenzekelayo” ngoJuni 19, 1941. Olu xwebhu lwaba lolokuqala ukuqulunqa iimfuneko zokungachazeki ngokwemathematika
iinkqubo ezinobungqina bokungenzeki kokucima. Yayingekho kupapasho oluvulekileyo (okanye mhlawumbi sele lukhona?).
K. Shannon ngoSeptemba 1, 1945 yachaza iindlela zokwakha iinkqubo eziluqilima zokufihla ingxelo yapapashwa ngowe-1949.
Uhlaziyo olufutshane lwe-"Advances in Physical Sciences", iinkomfa kunye neesimposia, ngoJulayi 2006, umthamo we-176, no
.
Ukuqukumbela, ndingatsho ukuba kaninzi kwiincwadi zenzululwazi kunye nezenzo ababhali bangaphandle bathule, bazithathele imbeko, okanye, kwiimeko ezinzima, bajonge impumelelo kunye nezinto eziphambili kwiRussia-Soviet-Russian.
Upapasho olulandelayo luya kuba ngumboniso wezixhobo kumbuzo othi "Ngubani umqambi werediyo, uPopov okanye uMarconi?" ukuba ndinomlilo ofanayo kwigumbi elingasemva njenganamhlanje.
umthombo: www.habr.com
