Izolo ukusuka iye yavelisa amaza eengxoxo, kwaye ndingathanda ukuthetha kancinci malunga nokuba kutheni ungayeki kwinqanaba eliPhakathi kunye nendlela yokoyisa ulwimi "ukungabi namandla" ukuba ufikelele kwimida yezakhono zakho kwaye awusaqhubeki.
Esi sihloko siyandikhathaza, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngenxa yemvelaphi yam - mna ngokwam ndaqala nge-D kwikota yesikolo ngesiNgesi, kodwa ngoku ndihlala e-UK kwaye, kubonakala kum, ndakwazi ukunceda ezininzi. abahlobo bam bayoyisa imiqobo yolwimi kwaye baphakamise isiNgesi sakho ukuya kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo lencoko. Kwakhona ngoku ndifunda ulwimi lwam lwangaphandle lwe-6 kwaye imihla ngemihla ndijamelana neengxaki "Andikwazi ukuthetha", "andinalo isigama esaneleyo" kwaye "ndingayifunda kangakanani ukuze ekugqibeleni ndibe nempumelelo".
Ngaba oku kuyingxaki? Ngaba kufuneka ndizame ukuqhubela phambili ngaphaya kwePhakathi?
Ewe, yingxaki le. I-IT yenye yezona ndawo zisebenza kwihlabathi jikelele kwaye ulwimi lwe-IT olwamkelwa ngokubanzi sisiNgesi. Ukuba awuthethi ulwimi kwinqanaba elaneleyo (kwaye i-B1 ePhakathi, ngelishwa, ayanele), ngoko uya kujongana nobunzima obuninzi bomsebenzi wakho kunye nophuhliso lobuchwephesha. Ukongeza kumda ocacileyo kuluhlu lwabaqeshi onokuthi usebenzele kubo (kuphela iinkampani zaseRashiya zijolise ngokukodwa kwimarike yaseRashiya), enciphisa ngokukhawuleza amathuba akho omvuzo kunye nokukhula komsebenzi, kukho izithintelo ezingabonakaliyo. Into ephambili yile projekthi kunye nobuchwepheshe onokuthi usebenze nabo.
Ndiza kunika umzekelo kumava obuqu - kwiminyaka eyi-8 eyadlulayo, xa ndisahlala eRussia, ndasebenzela umdibanisi omkhulu, ndakhokela elinye lamacandelo amancinci kuphuhliso lwesoftware yeShishini kunye nokudityaniswa kwamashishini amakhulu. Ngolunye usuku oluhle, inkampani yakwazi ukuvumelana nenye ye-TOP-3 ye-software ye-software enkulu kwiprojekthi enkulu edibeneyo eRashiya. Ngenxa yeenkcukacha zobuchwepheshe kunye neyona nto iphambili yeprojekthi, inokuthi iqhutywe ngamasebe amaninzi kwinkampani, ngoko ke ukhetho lolawulo lwaluphakathi kwalabo abanokunxibelelana nomthengisi kunye nabangenako. Ukuba ngelo xesha inqanaba lam lolwimi beliya kuba liPhakathi, mna okanye iqela lam ngekhe lithathe inxaxheba kule projekthi, akukho namnye kuthi ebenokukwazi ukwenza i-APIs yomthengisi wangaphakathi evaliweyo kwaye ngekhe sisebenze ngemveliso, Ubaxo, lusetyenziswa zizigidi yonke imihla yabantu. Amathuba anjalo avela mhlawumbi kabini okanye kathathu ngexesha lomsebenzi wonke weengcali ezininzi kwiimarike, kwaye ukuphosakela ithuba elinjalo ngenxa yokungazi kakuhle ulwimi, ngokombono wam, kukungakhathali kolwaphulo-mthetho.
Ekubeni sele ndifudukele eYurophu kwaye ndisebenza apha, ndiye ndakwazi ukuqonda yonke i-gap kwinqanaba kunye nomdla weeprojekthi ezikhoyo eRashiya nakwimarike yehlabathi, nakwicandelo elikruqulayo njengeshishini legazi. Ingxaki ayikuko ukuba sisemva ngandlela thile, ngokuchaseneyo, ngokwetekhnoloji iRussia ngeendlela ezininzi phambi kweYurophu. Ingxaki kukuba bambalwa kakhulu abathengi kunye nemali kwimarike yaseRussia, ke akukho mntu ufuna nje iiprojekthi ezinkulu nezinamacandelo amaninzi, kwaye ukuba awuthathi nxaxheba kumaqela ezizwe ngezizwe, unokuchitha ubomi bakho bonke usika iwebhu engenamsebenzi. imiboniso okanye ukusetyenzwa rhoqo kwe-1C. Kungenxa yokuba zininzi iingcali ezinkulu eRashiya, kodwa zimbalwa kakhulu iiprojekthi ezinkulu kwimarike yasekhaya.
Omnye umba obaluleke ngokulinganayo kukuba inqanaba eliPhakathi lesiNgesi lizakucothisa nje ukukhula kwakho kobungcali. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ufunde ngokwaneleyo iiblogi zeengcali zeteknoloji yaseNtshona kunye nale nqanaba lolwimi, kuncinci ukurekhodwa kokubukela kwiinkomfa. Ewe, abafana bethu abamangalisayo baguqulela ezinye izinto, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukufumana, umzekelo, ukuguqulelwa okupheleleyo kwezinto ezivela kwi-DEF CON 2019 ukuya kwisiRashiya, kwaye . Nangona kunjalo, ndiyathandabuza kakhulu ukuba inqanaba eliPhakathi liya kukwanela ukuqonda ngokwaneleyo kwanemiboniso, singasathethi ke ngeevidiyo ezivela kwinkomfa, kwanokufunda imibhalo engezantsi. Umthombo wolwazi onomdla ngokulinganayo ziipodcasts, apho kuhlala kungekho mibhalo engezantsi, ke akukho nto inokwenziwa apha ngaphandle kwenqanaba elilungileyo lesiNgesi.
Kutheni ulwimi "ukungabi namandla" kwenzeka?
Abantu abaninzi, xa befunda iilwimi zasemzini, ngokukhawuleza okanye kamva bawela eludongeni - kungakhathaliseki ukuba ungakanani umgudu owenzayo, ulwimi aluphuculi, awuziva ukuzithemba ngokwaneleyo kunye nezakhono zokusebenzisa ulwimi ngokutyibilikayo kwaye akucaci ukuba yintoni onokuyenza. yenza ngayo.
Kubonakala kum ukuba kukho izizathu ezibini zale nto. Isizathu sokuqala kukuba kukho umsantsa omkhulu wobungakanani phakathi kwesigama esilula semihla ngemihla esinjengokuthi "Kukho abantu abathathu kwintsapho yam" okanye "Ndifuna ukutya isuphu" kunye nonxibelelwano oluphilayo kunye namahlaya, izaci, i-slang yobuchwephesha, njl. Kwimeko yokuqala, sithetha ngamagama angama-1500-1800 kunye nenani elincinci lezaci kwaye oku kuthathwa njengomda ophantsi wenqanaba eliPhakathi. Kwimeko yesibini (ekuthiwa ngolwimi olutyibilikayo) sidinga ubuncinci amagama angama-8-10 amawaka kunye namakhulu amazaci. Lo msantsa awubonakali kangako xa uqala ukufunda ulwimi, kodwa ngelixa ufumene ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwegrama kwaye unokuphulaphula (ukuqonda ngendlebe) intetho yangaphandle kwaye uzame ukusebenzisa ulwimi ebomini bokwenyani, fumanisa ukuba zininzi izinto ongaziqondiyo okanye ongazivayo. De isigama sakho sikhule siye kula magama adume kakubi angama-8000, intetho yakho iya kubonakala ixakile kwaye inzima kuwe. Ukuphuhlisa isigama esibaluleke kangaka kufuna ixesha elininzi lokuziqhelanisa kunye nexesha, apho kuya kubonakala ngathi akukho nkqubela phambili (nangona kunjalo).
Isizathu sesibini, ngokoluvo lwam, kukuba intetho yokwenyani ephilayo eneneni yahluke kakhulu kwinto esiyibonayo kwiincwadi zezifundo, kwaye andithethi nesigama esifundiswa kwiincwadi zezifundo okanye kwiikhosi, kodwa ngokubanzi malunga nemeko ojongene nayo. ukudibana. Owona mzekelo ulula liqela lokuma leScrum labadwelisi benkqubo apho kukho abameli abavela kumazwe ahlukeneyo. Khange ndibone incwadi enye yolwimi lwesiNgesi, kubandakanya neencwadi βezingoShishino lwesiNgesi,β ezinokufundisa indlela yokuchaza ubunzima bakho ngokuphunyezwa kwawo nawuphi na umsebenzi okanye unokusebenzisa imeko yokunxibelelana phakathi kwamasebe aliqela eofisini njengemizekelo. Ngaphandle kwamava okwenene okunxibelelana kwiimeko ezinjalo, kunzima kakhulu ukukhetha isigama esifanelekileyo kunye nokoyisa ingcinezelo yangaphakathi ekusebenziseni ulwimi.
Yonke into imkile, mandenze ntoni?
Okokuqala, musa ukunikezela. Ngethuba lobomi bam obungekude kangako, ndandinabafundisi ababini beelwimi ezahlukeneyo zasemzini, bonke babeneendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela, kunye nabo bonke ndafumana iziphumo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa abaninzi bavumelana ngento enye - into ephambili kukuzingisa. Imihla ngemihla isiqingatha seyure yolwimi ngosuku (ngalo naluphi na uhlobo) lungcono kakhulu kunazo naziphi na iikhosi ezinzulu kakhulu okanye iiklasi kanye okanye kabini ngeveki iyure okanye ngaphezulu. Nangona ungaziva ngathi wenza inkqubela, ukuba uqhubeka usebenzisa ulwimi imihla ngemihla-nokuba ufunda, ubukele iimuvi, okanye ungcono, uthetha-ngoko ngokwenene wenza inkqubela.
Okwesibini, musa ukoyika ukwenza iimpazamo. Wonke umntu uthetha isiNgesi ngeempazamo, kuquka neBritish. Ngokomgaqo, oku akukhathazi mntu, ngakumbi iBritish. Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje kukho. Ndikholelwe, isiNgesi sakho ngokuqinisekileyo asiyi kuba sesona sibi kakhulu asivileyo umnxibelelanisi wakho. Kwaye malunga no-5:1, umntu othetha naye akasiso isithethi somthonyama kwaye wenza iimpazamo ezimbalwa kunawe. Ukuba unenkxalabo enkulu malunga neempazamo kwintetho yakho, isigama esichanekileyo kunye nezaci ezifanelekileyo zibaluleke kakhulu kunegrama egqibeleleyo kunye nokubiza kakuhle. Oku akuthethi ukuba kufuneka ujike amagama ngoxinzelelo olungachanekanga okanye iisilabhili zokufunda, kodwa into ebizwa ngokuba "yi-Ryazan accent" okanye inqaku elilahlekileyo ayiyona nto imbi kakhulu i-interlocutor yakho ayivileyo.
Okwesithathu, zingqonge ngolwimi. Kuyimfuneko ukuba uhlale udla umxholo ngolwimi, kodwa kufuneka ube nomxholo onomdla kuwe, kwaye ungasebenzisi kwiincwadi zezifundo. Ngaxa lithile, imidlalo yekhompyuter enemibhalo emininzi yayisebenza kakuhle kum, ngakumbi leyo eyaziwayo , kodwa le yimeko ekhethekileyo yomgaqo jikelele. Ungcelele olwamsebenzela kakuhle umfazi wam lolo saqala salubukela ngesiNgesi esinemibhalo engezantsi yesiRashiya, emva koko kwanemibhalo engezantsi yesiNgesi, emva koko singayiboni kwaphela. Omnye wabahlobo bam wathatha ulwimi lwakhe ebukele i-stand-ups kwi-YouTube (kodwa wayenza ngalo lonke ixesha, phantse yonke imihla). Yonke into ingumntu, into ephambili kukuba umxholo unomdla kuwe, ukuba uyisebenzise rhoqo kwaye ungazifaki kwifom yeenguqulelo, nokuba zikhona. Ukuba namhlanje uyaqonda i-25% yomxholo, ngoko kwiinyanga ezintandathu uya kuqonda i-70%.
Okwesine, nxibelelana nezithethi zomthonyama. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu, ngakumbi ukuqala kwinqanaba eliPhakathi. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, yiya kwiinkomfa zamazwe ngamazwe kwaye unxibelelane nabantu apho. Ukuba akunjalo, zama ukwenza abantu obaziyo kwiihambo zabakhenkethi. Nokuba iiyure ezimbalwa kwibhari yehotele yaseTurkey enefeni yesiNgesi enxilileyo inokunika izakhono zakho zolwimi ukomelela okukhulu. Unxibelelwano oluphilayo kwiimeko zokwenyani, ezingezizo iintsholongwane (xa okusingqongileyo kunengxolo, umntu othetha naye unelizwi elinzima, unxilile) akunakuthathelwa indawo zizifundo okanye uthotho lweTV kwaye ivuselela kakhulu isakhono sakho solwimi. Ndiyaqonda ukuba ukuba kwiingingqi oku akulula kangako, kodwa kwiinqununu ezimbini kukho amaqela onxibelelwano kunye nabemi bomthonyama, kwindawo ye-cafe enobungane kuso nasiphi na isihloko ukusuka kwindalo yonke ukuya kwiingcali ngokupheleleyo.
Okwesihlanu, zama ukuphumelela udliwano-ndlebe neenkampani zangaphandle. Nokuba awucwangcisi ukushiya naphi na okanye ukusebenzela umthengi waseNtshona, udliwano-ndlebe olunjalo luya kukunika ubutyebi bamava, emva koko uya kuziva uzithembe ngakumbi eRashiya. Enye yeengenelo kukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba uya kudliwano-ndlebe nezithethi ezingezozamthonyama, ngoko kuya kuba lula kuwe. Ngokunokwenzeka okukhulu, ukuba le yinkampani enkulu, unokudliwano-ndlebe nabo bathetha isiRashiya, abaya kukuqonda ngakumbi. Ukongeza, olu luqheliselo lokuthetha ngokuthe ngqo ngezihloko zobungcali ezibaluleke kakhulu kuwe.
Okwesithandathu, iindlela zokudlala zisebenza kakuhle ekwakheni isigama. Ewe, isikhova sikaDuolingo esiluhlaza esihlekisayo, esele siyinto emnandi, sinokukunceda ngokugqibeleleyo ukwakha isigama sakho kwaye sikukhuthaze ukuba usachithe eso siqingatha seyure usixabisileyo ukufunda ulwimi. I-analogue yaseRashiya yi-Lingvaleo, i-avatar eyahlukileyo, imigaqo iyafana. Ngoku ndifunda amagama am angama-20 amatsha kwisiTshayina ngosuku ngenxa yesikhova esiluhlaza.
Endaweni yesiphelo
Iqela lam ngoku libandakanya abantu abavela kumazwe ali-9 ahlukeneyo abavela kumazwekazi ama-4. Ngelo xesha, malunga nesithathu sivela eRashiya, eUkraine naseBelarus. Abantu bethu ngabona banamandla e-IT ehlabathini lonke kwaye baxatyiswe kakhulu kwaye bayahlonitshwa. Ngelishwa, kwii-expanses ezinkulu ze-USSR yangaphambili, ukufundwa kweelwimi zangaphandle, kuquka isiNgesi, ziphathwa ngokungakhathali kwaye zikholelwa ukuba oku kuninzi kweetalente ezimbalwa, kodwa oku akunjalo. Ndiyathemba ukuba ngokukodwa wena, mfundi weli nqaku, uya kutyala ixesha elincinci kuwe kwaye uphucule inqanaba lolwimi lwakho, kuba uluntu oluthetha isiRashiya ngokuqinisekileyo lufanelwe ukumelwa okukhulu kwihlabathi le-IT. Nokuba imeko ithini na, ngaba uphuhliso lulunge ngakumbi kunokutyalwa kumgxobhozo opholileyo?
umthombo: www.habr.com