Ubuntu 21.04 ukukhutshwa kokuhanjiswa

Ukukhutshwa kwe-Ubuntu 21.04 "I-Hirsute Hippo" yokusabalalisa iyafumaneka, ehlelwa njengokukhululwa kwaphakathi, ukuhlaziywa okuveliswa kwiinyanga ezili-9 (inkxaso iya kunikwa kude kube nguJanuwari 2022). Imifanekiso yokufakela yenzelwe Ubuntu, i-Ubuntu Server, i-Lubuntu, i-Kubuntu, i-Ubuntu Mate, i-Ubuntu Budgie, i-Ubuntu Studio, i-Xubuntu kunye ne-UbuntuKylin (uhlelo lwesiTshayina).

Utshintsho oluphambili:

• Idesktop iyaqhubeka nokuthumela i-GNOME Shell 3.38, eyakhiwe kusetyenziswa i-GTK3, kodwa izicelo ze-GNOME zilungelelaniswa ikakhulu ne-GNOME 40 (utshintsho lwe-desktop ukuya kwi-GTK 4 kunye ne-GNOME 40 ithathwa njengephambi kwexesha).
• Ngokungagqibekanga, iseshoni esekwe kwiprothokholi yaseWayland yenziwe yasebenza. Xa usebenzisa abaqhubi be-NVIDIA yobunini, iseshoni esekwe kwiseva ye-X isanikezelwa ngokungagqibekanga, kodwa kolunye ulungelelwaniso le seshini ithotyelwe kudidi lokhetho. Kuqatshelwe ukuba uninzi lwemida yeseshoni ye-GNOME ese-Wayland echongiwe njengemiba evalela ukutshintshela kwi-Wayland isandula kusonjululwa. Umzekelo, ngoku kuyenzeka ukwabelana ngedesktop yakho usebenzisa iseva yemidiya yePipewire. Umzamo wokuqala wokuhambisa Ubuntu kwi-Wayland ngokungagqibekanga wenziwe ngo-2017 kunye no-Ubuntu 17.10, kodwa ku-Ubuntu 18.04, ngenxa yemicimbi engasonjululwanga, i-graphics stack yemveli esekwe kwi-X.Org Server yabuyiswa.
• Umxholo omtsha omnyama weYaru ucetyiwe kwaye ii-icon zihlaziywe ukuchonga iintlobo zeefayile.
• Inkxaso eyongeziweyo kwi-server ye-Pipewire media, ekuvumela ukuba uququzelele ukurekhoda kwesikrini, ukuphucula inkxaso ye-audio kwizicelo ezizimeleyo, ukubonelela ngezakhono zokucutshungulwa komsindo, ukulahla ukuhlukana kunye nokudibanisa iziseko zomsindo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.
• Inkxaso eyongeziweyo yokuqinisekisa usebenzisa amakhadi ahlakaniphile (usebenzisa pam_sss 7).
• Kwi-desktop, ukukwazi ukuhambisa izixhobo ukusuka kwizicelo usebenzisa indlela yotsalo nokuwisa yongeziwe.
• Kwizicwangciso, ngoku kunokwenzeka ukutshintsha iprofayili yokusetyenziswa kwamandla.
• Umfaki wongeze inkxaso ekudaleni izitshixo ezisecaleni ukubuyisela ukufikelela kwizahlulo ezifihliweyo, ezinokuthi zisetyenziselwe ukucima ukuba igama eliyimfihlo lilahlekile.
• Ukudityaniswa okuphuculweyo kunye ne-Active Directory kunye nokukwazi ukuqinisekisa abasebenzisi kwi-Active Directory kunye ne-GPO (Iizinto zoMgaqo-nkqubo weQela) inkxaso ngokukhawuleza emva kokufaka Ubuntu. Abalawuli banokulawula izitishi zokusebenzela ze-Ubuntu ngokubeka iisetingi kwi-Active Directory domain controller, kuquka useto lwe-desktop kunye neseti yezicelo ezinikezelwayo. I-GPO ingasetyenziselwa ukuchaza imigaqo-nkqubo yokhuseleko kubo bonke abaxumi abaqhagamshelweyo, kuquka ukuseta iiparamitha zofikelelo lomsebenzisi kunye nemithetho yegama eliyimfihlo.
• Imodeli yokufikelela kuluhlu lwabasebenzisi basekhaya kwisistim itshintshiwe - oovimba beefayili basekhaya ngoku badalwa ngamalungelo 750 (drwxr-x—), ukunika ufikelelo kulawulo kumnini kunye namalungu eqela kuphela. Ngezizathu zembali, oovimba bolawulo basekhaya bangaphambili ku-Ubuntu benziwe ngeemvume 755 (drwxr-xr-x), evumela umsebenzisi omnye ukujonga imixholo yoluhlu lomnye.
• I-Linux kernel ihlaziywe kwinguqulo ye-5.11, equka inkxaso ye-Intel SGX enclaves, indlela entsha yokuthintela iifowuni zenkqubo, ibhasi encedisayo ebonakalayo, ukuvalwa kweemodyuli zokwakha ngaphandle kwe-MODULE_LICENSE (), imowudi yokucoca ngokukhawuleza kwiifowuni zenkqubo kwi-seccomp. , ukupheliswa kwenkxaso ye-architecture ye-ia64, ukudluliselwa kweteknoloji ye-WiMAX kwisebe "lokumisa", ukukwazi ukufaka i-SCTP kwi-UDP.
• Ngokungagqibekanga, isihluzo sepakethe ye-nfttables siyasebenza. Ukugcina ukuhambelana ngasemva, i-iptables-nft iphakheji iyafumaneka, ebonelela ngezixhobo kunye ne-syntax yomgca womyalelo ofanayo njenge-iptables, kodwa iguqulela imigaqo ephumayo kwi-nf_tables bytecode.
• Kwiinkqubo ze-x86_64 (amd64) kunye ne-AArch64 (arm64), inkxaso ye-UEFI SecureBoot mode iphuculwe. Umaleko wokulungiselela ukuqalela okuqinisekisiweyo utshintshelwe ekusebenziseni indlela ye-SBAT (UEFI eKhuselekileyo yokuQalisa ekuJoliseni okuPhezulu), eyisombulula iingxaki ngokurhoxiswa kwesatifikethi. Inkxaso ye-SBAT yongezwe kwi-grub2, i-shim kunye ne-fwupd iiphakheji. I-SBAT ibandakanya ukongezwa kwemetadata entsha, esayinwe ngedijithali kwaye inokufakwa kuluhlu lwamacandelo avumelekileyo okanye athintelweyo kwi-UEFI Secure Boot. Imethadatha ekhankanyiweyo ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise iinombolo zenguqu zamacandelo ngexesha lokurhoxiswa ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuvuselela izitshixo ze-Secure Boot kwaye ngaphandle kokuvelisa iisayinwe ezintsha ze-kernel, shim, grub2 kunye fwupd.
• Izixhobo zenkqubo kunye neelwimi zeprogram zihlaziyiwe, kuquka i-GCC 10.3.0, i-binutils 2.36.1, i-glibc 2.33, i-Python 3.9.4, i-Perl 5.32.1. LLVM 12, Hamba 1.16, Rust 1.50, OpenJDK 16, Ruby 2.7.2, Rails 6.
• Iinguqulelo ezihlaziyiweyo zezicelo kunye nenkqubo engaphantsi, kuquka iMesa 21.0, PulseAudio 14, BlueZ 5.56, NetworkManager 1.30, Firefox 87, LibreOffice 7.1.2, Thunderbird 78.8.1, Darktable 3.4.1, Inkscape 1.0.2 OBS1.5.6.1. .26.1.2, KDEnlive 20.12.3, Blender 2.83.5, Krita 4.4.3, GIMP 2.10.22.
• Amacandelo ahlaziyiweyo kwiinkqubo zeseva, kuquka i-PostgreSQL 13.2, i-Samba 4.13.3, i-QEMU 5.2, i-SSSD 2.40, i-Net-SNMP 5.9, i-DPDK 20.11.1, i-Strongswan 5.9.1, i-Open vSwitch 2.15, i-Chrony 4.0.VPN umphathi 2.5.1, Libvirt 3.2.0, Rsyslog 7.0, Docker 8.2102.0, OpenStack Wallaby.
• Ulwakhiwo lweRaspberry Pi lubandakanya inkxaso yeWayland. Inkxaso eyongeziweyo ye-GPIO (nge-libgpiod kunye ne-liblgpio). Compute Module 4 iibhodi inkxaso Wi-Fi kunye Bluetooth.
• Iibhodi ezongeziweyo zeHiFive SiFive Unleashed kunye neHiFive SiFive Unmatched iibhodi ezisekelwe kuyilo lweRISC-V.
• Ukusebenza kunye ne-iSCSI, endaweni ye-tgt, i-targetcli-fb toolkit isetyenzisiweyo, enomsebenzi ophezulu, iimpawu ezongezelelweyo kunye nenkxaso ye-SCSI 3 clustering.
• Umncedisi we-Ubuntu uquka iphakheji yokuqalisa i-needrestart, eqhuba ekupheleni kwentengiselwano nganye ye-APT, ibona utshintsho olufuna ukuqalisa kwakhona, kwaye yazisa umlawuli ngayo.
• Inkxaso yemodyuli ye-lua ye-nginx, engahambelani neenguqulelo ezintsha ze-nginx, iyekile (endaweni yemodyuli eyahlukileyo, iprojekthi ngoku iphuhlisa i-OpenResty, uhlelo olukhethekileyo lwe-Nginx kunye nenkxaso edibeneyo ye-LuaJIT).
• U-Kubuntu ubonelela nge-KDE Plasma 5.21 desktop kunye ne-KDE Applications 20.12.3. Isakhelo se-Qt sihlaziywe ukuba sibe yinguqulo 5.15.2. Isidlali somculo esihlala sihleli nguElisa 20.12.3. Iinguqulelo ezihlaziyiweyo zeKrita 4.4.3 kunye ne-Kdevelop 5.6.2. Iseshini esekwe kwi-Wayland iyafumaneka, kodwa ayivulwanga ngokungagqibekanga (ukwenza kusebenze, khetha "iPlasma (i-Wayland)" kwisikrini sokungena).
• Kwi-Xubuntu, i-desktop ye-Xfce ihlaziywe kwinguqulo ye-4.16. Ukubunjwa okusisiseko kubandakanya i-Hexchat kunye ne-Synaptic izicelo. Kwidesktop, ngokungagqibekanga, imenyu yesicelo ivaliwe ngokunqakraza-ekunene imouse kunye neendlela ezimfutshane kwiinkqubo zefayile kunye needrive zangaphandle zifihliwe.
• Ubuntu MATE uyaqhubeka nokuthumela i-MATE 1.24 desktop release.
• Ubuntu Studio isebenzisa ngokuzenzekelayo umphathi weseshoni yomculo omtsha u-Agordejo, iinguqulelo ezihlaziyiweyo ze-Studio Controls 2.1.4, Ardor 6.6, RaySession 0.10.1, Hydrogen 1.0.1, Carla 2.3-rc2, jack-mixer 15-1, lsp-plugins 1.1.29 .XNUMX .
• I-Lubuntu ibonelela ngobume begraphical LXQt 0.16.0.
• U-Ubuntu Budgie ukhupha iBudgie 10.5.2 entsha yedesktop. Ulwakhiwo olongeziweyo lweRaspberry Pi 4. Kongezwe umxholo wesimbo se-macOS. I-Shuffler, i-interface yokukhangela ngokukhawuleza kwiifestile ezivulekileyo kunye neefestile zamaqela kwigridi, yongeze ujongano lwe-Layouts ukulungiselela ukuqokelela kunye nokuqaliswa kwezicelo ezininzi ngexesha elinye, kwaye iphunyezwe amandla okulungisa indawo kunye nobukhulu befestile yesicelo. kunye neNew applets budgie-clipboard-applet (ulawulo lwebhodi eqhotyoshwayo) kunye nebudgie-analogue-applet (iwotshi ye-analog) zicetyiwe Uyilo lwedesktop luhlaziyiwe, umxholo omnyama unikezelwa ngokungagqibekanga. IBudgie Wamkelekile ibonelela ngojongano olusekwe kwithebhu kwimixholo yokukhangela.

Ukongeza, uluntu lucebise iinguqulelo ezimbini ezingekho semthethweni ze-Ubuntu 21.04: Ubuntu Cinnamon Remix 21.04 kunye neCinnamon desktop kunye ne-Ubuntu Unity Remix 21.04 kunye ne-Unity desktop.

umthombo: opennet.ru