Dart 2.8 ulwimi lwenkqubo lukhutshiwe

yathatha indawo ukukhutshwa kolwimi lwenkqubo Umngxunya 2.8, eqhubeka nokuphuhliswa kwesebe le-Dart 2 elihlaziyiweyo, liphinde lagxila ekuphuhliseni iWebhu kunye neenkqubo eziphathwayo kunye nokulungiswa ekudaleni amacandelo ecala lomxumi.

IDart 2 yohlukile kulwimi loqobo lweDart kusetyenziso lwayo lokuchwetheza olungashukumiyo oluqinileyo (iintlobo zinokuthi zitheke ngokuzenzekelayo, ngoko uhlobo olubalulwayo lunokuzikhethela, kodwa ukuchwetheza okuguquguqukayo akusasetyenziswa kwaye uhlobo olubaliweyo lwakwabelwa kuhlobo oluguquguqukayo kunye nohlobo olungqongqo lokujonga. isetyenziswe emva koko). Kuphuhliso lwesicelo sewebhu enikelwe iseti yamathala eencwadi athile, anje ngedart:html, kunye nesakhelo sewebhu yeAngular. Isakhelo siyakhuthazwa sokudala izicelo eziphathwayo Flutter, kwisiseko apho, phakathi kwezinye izinto, iqokobhe lomsebenzisi wenkqubo entsha yokusebenza yemicrokernel ephuhliswayo kuGoogle yakhiwe. Fuchsia.

Kukhupho olutsha:

• Okongeziweyo kuthetha ukusebenzisa ngokukhuselekileyo ixabiso le-Null, ukwaphula umva ukuhambelana. Umzekelo, imposiso yexesha lokuqokelela iza kuphoswa ngoku ukuba kuzanywe ukunikezela ixabiso elithi "Null" kuguqulo lohlobo olungachazwanga, olufana no "int". Izithintelo zikwaziswe nokuhambelana kwezinto eziguquguqukayo kunye neentlobo eziNcitshiswayo nezingaNyulekiyo, ezifana ne "int?" kunye no-"int" (uguquko olunohlobo "int" lunokwabelwa uhlobo oluguquguqukayo nohlobo "int", kodwa hayi ngolunye uhlobo). Okufanayo kusebenza kwiinguqu ezibuyiselwe kwingxelo "yokubuyisela" - ukuba kumzimba womsebenzi uguquko olunohlobo olungavumeli ukuba "i-Null" imo ayinikwa ixabiso, umqokeleli uya kubonisa impazamo. Olu tshintsho luya kukuvumela ukuba uphephe ukungqubana okubangelwa kumzamo wokusebenzisa izinto eziguquguqukayo ezinexabiso elingachazwanga kwaye limiselwe ku-“Nnull”.
• indawo yokugcina pub.dev ipasile i-10 lamawaka eepakethe uphawu. Njengenxalenye yomjikelo wonikezelo we-Dart 2.8, ukusebenza kokubuyisela iipakethe kwi-pub.dev kuye kwaphuculwa kakhulu ngokuxhasa ukufunyanwa kweepakethe kwimisonto emininzi ehambelanayo xa kusenziwa umyalelo othi "pub get", kunye nokuhlanganiswa kobuvila xa kusenziwa " pub run" umyalelo. Ukuvavanya umyalelo we-"pub get" weprojekthi entsha esekelwe kwi-Flutter ibonise ukuncipha kwexesha lokusebenza ukusuka kwi-6.5 ukuya kwi-2.5 imizuzwana, kunye nezicelo ezinkulu ezifana negalari ye-Flutter, ukusuka kwi-15 ukuya kwi-3 imizuzwana.
• Kongezwe umyalelo omtsha "we-pub ephelelwe lixesha" ukugcina zonke izinto ezixhomekeke kwiipakethe ezifakiweyo zihlaziyiwe. Usebenzisa "i-pub ephelelwe lixesha" umyalelo, unokuvavanya, ngaphandle kokwenza utshintsho kwifayile ye-pubspec, ukuba ngaba kukho iinguqulelo ezinkulu ezintsha zabo bonke abaxhomekeke kwiphakheji ekhankanyiweyo. Ngokungafaniyo "nophuculo lwe-pub", umyalelo omtsha awujongi kuphela iinguqulelo ezihambelana ne-pubspec, kodwa kunye namasebe amatsha. Umzekelo, kwipakethe enokuxhomekeka okuphiniweyo "foo: ^1.3.0" kunye ne "bar: ^2.0.0", eqhuba "i-pub ephelelwe lixesha" iya kubonisa ubukho bamasebe akhoyo kunye namasebe amatsha:

  IziXhomekeko zangoku eziphuculweyo ezinokusonjululwa zamva nje
  foo 1.3.0 1.3.1 1.3.1 1.3.1
  ibha 2.0.1 2.1.0 3.0.3 3.0.3

Iimpawu zolwimi lweDart:

• Iqhelekile kwaye kulula ukuyifunda i-syntax, yendalo yeJavaScript, iC kunye nabaprogram beJava.
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuqaliswa okukhawulezayo kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu kuzo zonke iibhrawuza zewebhu zanamhlanje kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemeko, ukusuka kwizixhobo eziphathekayo ukuya kwiiseva ezinamandla;
• Ikhono lokuchaza iiklasi kunye ne-interfaces ezivumela i-encapsulation kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona kweendlela ezikhoyo kunye nedatha;
• Ukukhankanya iintlobo kwenza kube lula ukulungisa iimpazamo kunye nokuchonga iimpazamo, kwenza ikhowudi icace kwaye ifundeke ngakumbi, kwaye ilula ukuguqulwa kwayo kunye nohlalutyo ngabaphuhlisi beqela lesithathu.
• Iindidi ezixhaswayo zibandakanya: iindidi ngeendidi zeehashes, ii-arrays kunye noluhlu, imigca, amanani kunye neendidi zemitya, iindidi zokumisela umhla kunye nexesha, amabinzana aqhelekileyo (RegExp). Ingayiyo ukudala eyakho iintlobo;
• Ukuququzelela ukuphunyezwa okufanayo, kucetywayo ukusebenzisa iiklasi ezinempawu ezizimeleyo, ikhowudi eqhutywe ngokupheleleyo kwindawo ekhethiweyo kwindawo yememori eyahlukileyo, isebenzisana nenkqubo ephambili ngokuthumela imiyalezo;
• Inkxaso yokusetyenziswa kwamathala eencwadi enza lula inkxaso kunye nokulungiswa kweeprojekthi ezinkulu zewebhu. Ukuphunyezwa kwemisebenzi yomntu wesithathu kunokuqukwa ngohlobo lwamathala eencwadi ekwabelwana ngawo. Izicelo zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo kwaye zinikezele uphuhliso lwecandelo ngalinye kwiqela elahlukileyo labadwelisi benkqubo;
• Iseti yezixhobo esele zilungele ukuxhasa uphuhliso kulwimi lweDart, kubandakanywa ukuphunyezwa kophuhliso oluguquguqukayo kunye nezixhobo zokulungisa izixhobo kunye nokulungiswa kwekhowudi kwi-fly ("hlela-and-continue");
• Ukwenza lula uphuhliso kulwimi lweDart, luza nayo SDK, umphathi wepakethe Kubha, i-static code analyzer idart_analyzer, isethi yamathala eencwadi, indawo ehlanganisiweyo yophuhliso DartPad kunye ne-Dart-enabled plugins ze IntelliJ IDEA, WebStorm, I-Emacs, Umbhalo oqingqiweyo 2 и vím;
• Iipakethe ezongezelelweyo ezinamathala eencwadi kunye nezinto eziluncedo zisasazwa kwindawo yokugcina Kubha, enamaphakheji angaphezu kwamawaka angama-10.

umthombo: opennet.ru