I-Go lulwimi oluncinci kodwa oludumileyo lwenkqubo. Ngu Ukuphuphuma kweStack, yayiyiGolang eyafumana indawo yesithathu kukalisho lweelwimi ezicwangcisiweyo abaphuhlisi abanqwenela ukuzazi. Kweli nqaku siza kuzama ukuqonda izizathu zokuthandwa kweGo, kwaye sijonge kwakhona apho olu lwimi lusetyenziswa khona kwaye kutheni kufanelekile ukufunda konke.
Inxalenye ethile yembali
Ulwimi lwenkqubo yeGo lwenziwa nguGoogle. Ngokwenyani, igama layo elipheleleyo elithi Golang liphuma kwi "Google Language". Nangona olu lwimi lubizwa ngokuba lulutsha kwesi sibhengezo, kulo nyaka lugqiba iminyaka elishumi.
Injongo yabadali beGo yayikukuphuhlisa ulwimi olulula nolusebenzayo lwenkqubo olunokusetyenziswa ukwenza isoftware esemgangathweni. URob Pike, omnye wabaqulunqi beGo, uthe iGo yenzelwe abadwelisi benkqubo benkampani abasanda kuphumelela kwaye bazi iJava, C, C++ okanye iPython. Kubo, iGo lulwimi onokuluqonda ngokukhawuleza kwaye uqhelane nalo.
Ekuqaleni, yayisisixhobo ngaphakathi kweGoogle, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha yavela ekujuleni kwe-corporation kwaye yaba nolwazi loluntu.
Izinto ezilungileyo zolwimi
I-Golang inenani elikhulu leenzuzo, zombini ezaziwayo kwaye zingaziwa kakhulu.
Ukulula. Enyanisweni, le yayiyeyona njongo iphambili yokudala ulwimi, yaye yafezwa. IGo inesivakalisi esilula ngokufanelekileyo (kunye nentelekelelo ethile) ukuze usetyenziso luphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza kunezinye iilwimi. Kwaye kukho amanqaku amabini anomdla apha.
Okokuqala, isiGolang sinokufundwa ngokukhawuleza ngumntu oqalayo ngokupheleleyo kwiprogramu-umntu ongalwaziyo kwaphela ulwimi kwaye uceba ukuba ngumphuhlisi. Omnye unokuthi nge-Go ukuba iphantse yanzima (ngokuqinisekileyo, ngokuqinisekileyo) njenge-PHP okanye i-Pascal, kodwa inamandla njenge-C ++.
Okwesibini, iGo inokufundwa “ngumyili wenkqubo ophucukileyo”, umntu osele esazi ulwimi olunye nangaphezulu. Amaxesha amaninzi, abaphuhlisi bafunda Hamba emva kokufunda iPython okanye i-PHP. Okulandelayo, abanye abadwelisi benkqubo basebenzisa iPython/Go okanye i-PHP/Go pair ngempumelelo.
Inani elikhulu lamathala eencwadi. Ukuba uphosa inqaku kwi-Go, ungasebenzisa enye yamathala eencwadi amaninzi kwaye wenze umsebenzi ofunekayo. I-Go inenye inzuzo - unokunxibelelana ngokulula namathala eencwadi e-C. Kukho noluvo lokuba iilayibrari zeGo zizisongelo zamathala eencwadi e-C.
Ucoceko lwekhowudi. I-Go compiler ikuvumela ukuba ugcine ikhowudi yakho “icocekile.” Ngokomzekelo, izinto eziguquguqukayo ezingasetyenziswanga zithathwa njengempazamo yokuhlanganiswa. Hamba usombulula uninzi lweengxaki zokufomatha. Oku kwenziwa, umzekelo, usebenzisa inkqubo ye-gofmt xa ugcina okanye uqulunqa. Ukufomatha kulungiswa ngokuzenzekelayo. Unokufunda ngakumbi ngayo yonke le nto kwisifundo. .
Ukuchwetheza okungatshintshiyo. Enye inzuzo yeGo kukuba inciphisa ithuba lokuba umphuhlisi enze impazamo. Ewe, kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala umdwelisi wenkqubo oqhele ukuchwetheza okuguquguqukayo uyacaphuka xa kufuneka abhengeze udidi lwazo zonke izinto eziguquguqukayo kunye nomsebenzi, kunye nayo yonke enye into. Kodwa ke kuyacaca ukuba zininzi izinto eziluncedo apha.
. Isixhobo esenza lula kakhulu ikhowudi yokubhaliweyo. Inzuzo enkulu yeGoDoc kukuba ayisebenzisi iilwimi ezongezelelweyo njengeJavaDoc, PHPDoc okanye iJSDoc. Isixhobo sisebenzisa ubuninzi bolwazi olukhupha kwikhowudi ebhaliweyo.
Ukugcinwa kwekhowudi. Kulula ukugcina umbulelo kwi-syntax yayo elula kunye nefutshane. Konke oku kulilifa likaGoogle. Kuba i-corporation inenani elikhulu lekhowudi yeemveliso ezahlukeneyo zesoftware, kunye namashumi amawaka abaphuhlisi abayilungisa yonke into, kuvela ingxaki yolondolozo. Ikhowudi kufuneka iqondakale kuye wonke umntu osebenza kuyo, ibhalwe kakuhle kwaye imfutshane. Konke oku kuyenzeka ngeGo.
Ngelo xesha, iGolang ayinazo iiklasi (kukho izakhiwo, i-struct), kwaye akukho nkxaso yelifa, eyenza ukutshintsha ikhowudi kube lula kakhulu. Kwaye akukho ngaphandle, amanqakwana, njl.
Ungabhala ntoni kuGo?
Phantse yonke into, ngaphandle kwamanqaku athile (umzekelo, uphuhliso olunxulumene nokufunda komatshini - I-Python enezinga eliphantsi lokulungiswa kweC / C ++ kunye neCUDA ifanelekile apha).
Yonke enye into inokubhalwa, oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa ngokumalunga neenkonzo zewebhu. Ukongeza, i-Go ifanelekile ukuphuhlisa izicelo zombini kumsebenzisi wokugqibela kunye nokuphuhlisa iidaemon, i-UI, kwaye ifanelekile kwizicelo zeplatform kunye neenkonzo.
Imfuno yeGolang
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ulwimi luya luthandwa ngakumbi. Ukongeza kwezo nkampani ezikhoyo kumfanekiso ongentla, i-Mail.ru Group, i-Avito, i-Ozon, i-Lamoda, i-BBC, i-Canonical kunye nabanye basebenza kunye neGolang.
“Sigqibe kwelokuba sililinganise ishishini; kubalulekile kuthi ukuba sakhe iqonga elitsha letekhnoloji eliza kuqinisekisa uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lwemveliso. Sithembele kwi-Go ngenxa yesantya kunye nokuthembeka kwayo, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, abaphulaphuli beprogram abayisebenzisayo, "abameli be-Ozon bathi ngo-2018, emva kokuba inkampani inqume ukutshintshela eGolang.
Kulungile, kuthekani ngengeniso?Umvuzo womphuhlisi we-Go kunyaka odlulileyo umyinge we-60-140 amawaka eeruble. "Isangqa sam" Xa kuthelekiswa nowama-2017, eli nani linyuke nge-8,3%. Ukukhula kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqhubeke ngo-2019, njengoko iinkampani ezininzi zifuna abaphuhlisi beGolang.
Yintoni elandelayo?
Uphuhliso lweGolang ngokuqinisekileyo aluyi kuyeka. Imfuno yeengcali ezilungileyo ezilwazi olu lwimi iya kwanda kuphela, ngoko akuyi kuba nzima kwingcali (oqalayo okanye oqeqeshiweyo) ukufumana umsebenzi. Ngokomgaqo, le nkcazo isasebenza nanamhlanje, kuba kukho ukunqongophala rhoqo kwabaphuhlisi kwimarike ye-IT.
I-Go ilungile kubo bobabini abaqalisi benkqubo kunye nabachwephesha abasele besazi ulwimi olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwenkqubo. Phantse nawuphi na umdwelisi wenkqubo unokuyifunda okanye ayifunde kwakhona.
Eli nqaku lalungiselelwa kunye notitshala kwiGeekBrains nguSergei Kruchinin, apho abaninzi babulela kuye!
umthombo: www.habr.com