Iirobhothi yenye yezona zinto zinomdla kwaye ziphazamisa imisebenzi yesikolo. Ufundisa indlela yokuqamba ii-algorithms, udlala inkqubo yemfundo, kwaye wazisa abantwana kwinkqubo. Kwezinye izikolo, ukusuka kwibanga loku-1, bafunda isayensi yekhompyuter, bafunda ukudibanisa iirobhothi kunye nokuzoba iitshati. Ukunceda abantwana baqonde lula iirobhothi kunye neprogram kunye nokufunda izibalo kunye nefiziksi nzulu kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, sikhuphe iseti yemfundo ye-LEGO entsha ye-SPIKE. Siza kukuxelela ngakumbi ngayo kule post.
I-LEGO Education SPIKE Prime yenzelwe ukufundisa abantwana abakumabanga 5-7 ezikolweni nakwiiklabhu zerobhothi. Iseti ikuvumela ukuba wakhe i-algorithms usebenzisa ii-flowcharts kwaye ujonge indlela imifanekiso ekwisikrini ejika ngayo ibe yintshukumo kunye nezenzo. Kubantwana besikolo banamhlanje, ukubonakala kunye nefuthe le-WOW kubalulekile, kwaye i-SPIKE Prime sisithiyelo esinokuthi sibambe abantwana ngeprogram kunye nesayensi ngqo.
Seta Isishwankathelo
Iseti iza kwibhokisi yeplastiki encinci etyheli kunye nemhlophe. Ngaphantsi kwesivalo kukho ikhadibhodi enemiyalelo yokuqalisa kunye nomzobo wokubekwa kwamacandelo kwiitreyi. Ikhithi yenzelwe ukuba kube lula ukuqala ngayo kwaye ifuna uqeqesho olongezelelweyo oluncinci kutitshala.
Amalungu ngokwawo afakwe kwiingxowa ezinamanani ahambelana namanani eeseli kwiitreyi.
I-Core Set iqulethe izinto ezingaphezu kwe-500 ze-LEGO, kuquka ezintsha.
- Iifreyimu ezininzi ezitsha ezinciphisa ixesha leprototyping kwaye zivumela iimodeli ezinkulu ukuba zakhiwe.
- Ityhubhu entsha eyi-2x4 eneTechnic axle hole. Ikuvumela ukuba udibanise iTechnic kunye ne-LEGO System izinto kwiprojekthi enye.
- Iplate yesiseko ehlaziyiweyo ukusuka kuluhlu lweTechnic.
- Amavili amatsha amxinwa abonelela ngolawulo oluchanekileyo kunye nokwandisa ukunyanzeliswa kweemodeli.
- Ivili elitsha elijikelezayo ngendlela yerola yenkxaso.
- Iziqeshana zocingo ezintsha, ezifumaneka ngemibala emininzi, zikuvumela ukuba ukhusele iintambo ngokucocekileyo.
Ukongeza kumacandelo ngokwawo, kukho iinjini ezintathu ngaphakathi - enkulu kunye nezimbini eziphakathi, kunye nezinzwa ezintathu: umgama, umbala kunye namandla.
Iimoto zixhunyiwe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-hub kwaye zinezinzwa zokujikeleza ngokuchaneka kwe-1 degree. Olu phawu lubonelelwa ukuvumelanisa ukusebenza kweenjini ukuze zikwazi ukuhamba ngaxeshanye ngesantya esingaguqukiyo. Ukongeza, inzwa ingasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa isantya kunye nomgama wokuhamba kwemodeli.
Inzwa yombala iyahlula ukuya kwimibala eyi-8 kwaye ingasetyenziswa njengenzwa yokukhanya. Ikwanayo ne-infrared sensor eyakhelwe kuyo ekwazi ukufunda ukubonakaliswa kokukhanya, umzekelo.
Isivamvo sokuchukumisa sibona ezi meko zilandelayo: licofa iqhosha, licinezelwe, licinezelwe ngamandla. Kule meko, inzwa imisela amandla oxinzelelo kwi-Newtons okanye njengepesenti.
Inzwa ye-IR isetyenziselwa ukumisela umgama ukusuka kwirobhothi ukuya kwindawo ethile okanye ukuthintela ukungqubana. Iyakwazi ukulinganisa umgama ngeepesenti, iisentimitha kunye neesentimitha.
Unokwandisa izakhono zesiseko esisisiseko usebenzisa isethi yomthombo, equkethe iinxalenye ezingama-603. Ibandakanya: iseti enkulu eyongezelelweyo kunye nenzwa yokukhanya, amavili amabini amakhulu, iigiya ezinkulu ze-bevel ezikuvumela ukuba wakhe ii-turntables ezinkulu.
Indawo
I-hub ine-gyroscope eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi engakwazi ukugqiba indawo yayo kwindawo: ukuqhelaniswa, ukuthambeka, ukuqengqeleka, ukugqiba umda ukusuka phezulu, imeko ye-hub ewayo, njl njl. Imemori eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi ikuvumela ukuba ulayishe kwaye ugcine phezulu Iinkqubo ezingama-20. Inombolo yeprogram iboniswa kwisikrini se-pixel ye-5x5, apho imifanekiso yomsebenzisi kunye nesimo sokusebenza se-hub nayo iboniswa.
Ikwafumaneka kwi hub:
- Isidibanisi seMicroUSB sokutshaja ibhetri okanye ukuqhagamshela kwiPC.
- Iqhosha longqamaniso lweBluetooth, apho unokuseka uqhagamshelo olungenazingcingo ngePC ukucwangcisa hub.
- Izibuko ezi-6 (AF) zokuphumeza imiyalelo okanye ukufumana ulwazi kuluvo.
- Amaqhosha amathathu okulawula hub.
- Isithethi esakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Software
Isoftware ye-LEGO Education SPIKE iyafumaneka kwiWindows, Mac OS, Android, iOS kunye neChromebook kwaye inokukhutshelwa . Imeko yesoftware isekwe kulwimi lwenkqubo yabantwana iScratch. Iqukethe isethi yemiyalelo, nganye ibhloko yegraphic yesimo esithile kunye nombala kunye neeparitha ezinokuthi zitshintshwe ngesandla, umzekelo, isantya kunye noluhlu lokuhamba, i-angle yokujikeleza, njl.
Kwangaxeshanye, iiseti zemiyalelo ehambelana namacandelo ahlukeneyo esisombululo (iimotho, izinzwa, izinto eziguquguqukayo, abaqhubi, njl.njl.) ziphawulwe ngemibala eyahlukeneyo, ekuvumela ukuba ukhawuleze ufumanise indlela yokucwangcisa into oyifunayo.
Isicelo ngokwaso siqulathe izicwangciso zezifundo ezininzi, kunye nemiyalelo emalunga nama-30 eyahlukeneyo yokuhlanganisa imifuziselo.
amanyathelo okuqala
Emva kokuqaliswa kwesicelo kunye nokukhetha ulwimi, amanyathelo amathathu okuqala anikezelwa ngokukhawuleza:
1) Cwangcisa i-hub ukuze ubuso obunoncumo buboniswe kwisikrini;
2) Ziqhelanise nokusebenza kweemoto kunye nezivamvo;
3) Hlanganisa imodeli ye "Flea" kwaye uyilungiselele ukuhamba.
Ukwazi i-SPIKE Prime iqala ngenkcazo yeenketho zonxibelelwano (nge-microUSB okanye iBluetooth) kunye nendlela yokusebenza ngescreen sepixel.
Okokuqala kufuneka usete ulandelelwano lwemiyalelo ekufuneka iphunyezwe emva kokuqala inkqubo, kwaye ukhethe kwakhona ipixels ezithile eziya kukhanya kwi hub screen.
Inyathelo lesibini libandakanya ukudibanisa kunye nokucwangcisa impendulo yeemoto kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo ezivela kwi-sensors. Umzekelo, unokucwangcisa imotor ukuba iqale ukujikeleza xa uzisa isandla sakho okanye nayiphi na into kufutshane nesensom yomgama.
Ukwenza oku, senza ulandelelwano lwemiyalelo: ukuba into isondele kune-n centimeters kwi-sensor, ngoko i-motor iqala ukusebenza.
Inyathelo lesithathu nelona linomdla: hlanganisa intakumba yerobhothi kwaye uyicwangcise ukutsiba kumyalelo. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka uqale uhlanganise i-robot ngokwayo kwiindawo kunye neenjini ezimbini.
Emva koko siqala inkqubo. Ukwenza oku, sibeka i-algorithm ilandelayo: xa inkqubo ivuliwe, "i-flea" kufuneka igxume phambili kabini, ngoko iinjini ezimbini kufuneka zenze ukujikeleza okupheleleyo kabini ngexesha elinye. Siza kumisa isantya sokujikeleza ukuya kwi-50% ukuze irobhothi ingatsibi kakhulu.
Isiphumo yirobhothi encinci etsibela phambili xa inkqubo iqala. Buhle!
Irobhothi intakumba yakhawuleza yaya phambili kwaye yafumana ixhoba layo lokuqala, kodwa kukho into engalunganga.
Emva kokuba olu qeqesho lugqityiwe, unokuqalisa iiprojekthi ezinzima ngakumbi: kwisicelo kukho imizobo yebhloko engaphezu kwama-60 kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zeseti (iimoto, ihabhu, izinzwa, njl.). iiparamitha . Kwakhona ngaphakathi kwesoftware kukho ukukwazi ukwenza izinto eziguquguqukayo kunye neeflowutchathi zakho.
Ootitshala
Ibandakanyiwe kunye neeseti kootitshala. Zibandakanya ikharityhulam, imisebenzi enezisombululo esele zenziwe, kunye nemisebenzi apho kungekho mpendulo kwaye kufuneka uvelise isisombululo sokudala. Oku kukuvumela ukuba uqalise ngokukhawuleza ukusebenza kunye nokuqesha kunye nokwakha iinkqubo zoqeqesho.
Zizonke, iikhosi ezi-4 zilungile kwisayithi. "I-Inventor Squad" yikhosi yezifundo zeteknoloji ezomeleza ukuqonda kwabafundi kwinkqubo yokuqhuba imisebenzi yeprojekthi. Izifundo ezimbini zinxulumene nesayensi yekhompyuter. "Ukuqala iShishini" kubonelela ngenkqubo eyisiseko kunye nezakhono ze-algorithmic, kwaye "Izixhobo eziSebenzisayo" zazisa imigaqo ye-Intanethi yezinto. Ikhosi yesine - "Ukulungele uKhuphiswano" - yenzelwe ukulungiselela ukhuphiswano kwaye ifuna zombini isiseko kunye neseti yezixhobo.
Ikhosi nganye iqulethe ukusuka kwi-5 ukuya kwi-8 izifundo, ezibandakanya isisombululo semethodological esele yenziwe enokuthi iphunyezwe kwinkqubo yemfundo ukuhlanganisa ubuchule be-STEAM.
Thelekisa nezinye iiseti
I-LEGO Education SPIKE Prime yinxalenye yomgca we-LEGO Education robotics, obandakanya iiseti zabantwana abaneminyaka eyahlukeneyo:
- Express "Young Programmer" kwimfundo yasesikolweni.
- I-WeDo 2.0 yesikolo samabanga aphantsi.
- LEGO Education SPIKE Prime for Middle School.
- IMINDSTORMS YE-LEGO Imfundo EV3 yabafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo nakunyaka wokuqala.
Ukusebenza kwe-SPIKE Prime kugqithe nge-LEGO WeDo 2.0, enenkxaso yeScratch eqala kulo nyaka. Kodwa ngokungafaniyo ne-WeD0 2.0, ekuvumela ukuba ulinganise imifuniselo yomzimba, i-SPIKE Prime ifaneleke ngakumbi ukwenza iirobhothi. Yenzelwe ukwazisa abafundi kwirobhothi kumabanga 5-7.
Ngoncedo lwesi sisombululo, abantwana besikolo baya kukwazi ukuqonda imigaqo ye-algorithmization, ukuphuhlisa izakhono zokusombulula iingxaki, kwaye baqhelane neziseko zerobhothi ngendlela yokudlala. Emva kwe-SPIKE Prime, ungaqhubela phambili kwi-LEGO MINDSTORMS Education EV3, enekhono le-MycroPython kwaye ilungele ukufunda iirobhothi eziphambili kunye neekhonsepthi zokucwangcisa.
I-PS Akukho zirobhothi okanye ii-huskies zonzakala ngexesha lokubhalwa kweli nqaku.
umthombo: www.habr.com