ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ IDenTrust ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืึธื ื•ื•ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื˜ืจื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ Let's Encrypt ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขืœื˜ืขืจืข ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก

ืื•ื™ืฃ 30 ืกืขืคื˜ืขืžื‘ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึท 17:01 ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ IdenTrust ืคื™ืจืžืข (DST Root CA X3), ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–-ืฆื™ื™ื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ Let's Encrypt ืกืขืจื˜ืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื˜ืขื˜ (ISRG Root X1), ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึธื•ืœื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืงื”ืœ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื˜ ืกืขืจื˜ื™ืคื™ืงืึทืฅ ืคืจื™ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืึธืคึผืฆืึธืœ ืฆื• ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ, ื™ืงืกืคึผื™ื™ืขืจื–. ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–-ืกื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ ื™ื ืฉื•ืจื“ ืึทื– Let's Encrypt ืกืขืจื˜ื™ืคื™ืงืึทืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ืจืึทืกื˜ื™ื“ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึท ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก, ืึธืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืึทื•ื–ืขืจื–, ื‘ืฉืขืช Let's Encrypt ืก ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืื™ื– ื™ื ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื–.

ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืจื™ื“ื–ืฉื ืึทืœื™ ืคึผืœืึทื ื ืขื“ ืึทื– ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืคึผืจื™ืฉื™ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ DST Root CA X3, ื“ื™ Let's Encrypt ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืžืึทืš ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืึท ืึธื ื•ื•ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืœื˜ืขืจืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืœื™ื™ื’ ื“ื™ Let's Encrypt ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืจื™ืคึผืึทื–ืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ื–. ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ, ื‘ืขืขืจืขืš 30% ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืื™ืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ Let's Encrypt ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ, ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืืจื•ื™ืก ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ื™ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ 7.1.1 ืคึผืœืึทื˜ืคืึธืจืžืข, ื‘ืืคืจื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ 2016.

Let's Encrypt ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผืœืึทื ื ืขื“ ืฆื• ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึท ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–-ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืขืกืงืขื, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื“ืึธืก ื™ืžืคึผืึธื•ื–ืึทื– ื ืึธืš ืคึฟืึทืจืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจื˜ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื”ืขืกืงืขื, ื“ื™ืคึผืจื™ื™ื•ื•ื– ื–ื™ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ืขืœื‘ืกื˜ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ื ื“ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื”ืขื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืจืžื™ื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืขืกืงืขื ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข ืคึผืจืึธื•ืกื™ื“ื–ืฉืขืจื– ืื•ืŸ ื›ึผืœืœื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืกืขืจื˜ืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื˜ืขื˜. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืคึผืึธื˜ืขื ืฆื™ืขืœ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก, ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ืจื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื“. ื ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื”ืขืกืงืขื ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืืจืขื ื“ื™ืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ IdenTrust ืกืขืจื˜ืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื˜ืขื˜, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ื™ืžื•ื•ืขืจืง ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืŸ ืึธืœื˜ืขืจื ืึทื˜ื™ื•ื• ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–-ื’ืขื—ืชืžืขื˜ Let's Encrypt ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืžื™ื“ื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ. ื“ื™ ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–-ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ื•ืจืข ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื™ืœื˜ื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื™ืึธืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ื™ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข 2.3.6.

ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืžื™ื“ื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืงืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืœืขื’ืึทื˜ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ. ืฆื•ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ DST Root CA X3 ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ื“ื™ืคึผืจื™ืฉื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืกืขืคื˜ืขืžื‘ืขืจ 30, Let's Encrypt ืกืขืจื˜ื™ืคื™ืงืึทืฅ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทื ืกืึทืคึผืึธืจื˜ื™ื“ ืคื™ืจืžื•ื•ืึทืจืข ืื•ืŸ ืึธืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืึทืจืคืŸ ืžืึทื ื™ื•ืึทืœื™ ืึทื“ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ISRG Root X1 ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืงืจืึธื ืฆื• ืขื ืฉื•ืจ ืฆื•ื˜ืจื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ Let's Encrypt ืกืขืจื˜ื™ืคื™ืงืึทืฅ. . ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืขืจืฉื™ื™ึทื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ:

  • OpenSSL ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื’ 1.0.2 ื™ื ืงืœื•ืกื™ื•ื• (ื•ื™ืฉืึทืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื’ 1.0.2 ืื™ื– ื“ื™ืกืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื ื™ื•ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืฆืขืžื‘ืขืจ 2019);
  • NSS <3.26;
  • Java 8 <8u141, Java 7 <7u151;
  • Windows < XP SP3;
  • ืžืึทืงืึธืก <10.12.1;
  • ื™ืึธืก <10 (iPhone <5);
  • ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ <2.3.6;
  • ืžืึธื–ื™ืœืœืึท ืคื™ืจืขืคืึธืงืก <50;
  • ื•ื‘ื•ื ื˜ื• <16.04;
  • ื“ืขื‘ื™ืึทืŸ <8.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ OpenSSL 1.0.2, ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื™ื– ื’ืขืคึฟื™ืจื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ื–ืฉื•ืง ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ืขื ืฅ ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–-ื’ืขื—ืชืžืขื˜ ืกืขืจื˜ื™ืคื™ืงืึทืฅ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื˜ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ืกืขืจื˜ื™ืคื™ืงืึทืฅ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ ื™ืงืกืคึผื™ื™ืขืจื–, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื’ื™ืœื˜ื™ืง ืฆื•ื˜ืจื•ื™ ืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืŸ. ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืกืขืจืคื™ืกื˜ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื™ืึธืจ ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ AddTrust ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–-ืฆื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืกืขืจื˜ื™ืคื™ืงืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขืงื˜ื™ื’ืึธ (ืงืึธืžืึธื“ืึธ) ืกืขืจื˜ืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื˜ืขื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืคืึทืจืขืœื˜ืขืจื˜. ื“ื™ ืงืจื•ืงืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื™ื– ืึทื– OpenSSL ืคึผืึทืจืกื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืœื™ื ืขืึทืจ ืงื™ื™ื˜, ื›ื•ื•ืขืจืึทื– ืœื•ื™ื˜ RFC 4158, ืึท ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืึท ื“ื™ืจืขืงื˜ืขื“ ืคื•ื ืื ื“ืขืจื’ืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื˜ ืงื™ื™ึทืœืขื›ื™ืง ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืคืœ ืฆื•ื˜ืจื•ื™ ืึทื ื’ืงืขืจื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ.

ื ื™ืฆืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ืขืœื˜ืขืจืข ื“ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืฉืึทื ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ OpenSSL 1.0.2 ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ื˜ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืจืงืึทืจืึธื•ื ื“ืก ืฆื• ืกืึธืœื•ื•ืข ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื:

  • ืžืึทื ื™ื•ืึทืœื™ ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ IdenTrust DST Root CA X3 ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึทื ื“-ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ (ื ื™ื˜ ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–-ื’ืขื—ืชืžืขื˜) ISRG Root X1 ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ.
  • ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืขื ืกืกืœ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืื•ืŸ s_client ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื–, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ "--trusted_first" ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข.
  • ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืึท ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืกืขืจื˜ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ SRG Root X1, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–-ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ื•ืจืข. ื“ืขื ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืึธื ื•ื•ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ืขืœื˜ืขืจืข ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ ืงืœื™ื™ืึทื ืฅ.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆื•, ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ Let's Encrypt ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ื”ืื˜ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื™ืœืกื˜ืึธื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื‘ื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืกืขืจื˜ื™ืคื™ืงืึทืฅ. ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ ืžื™ื™ืœืกื˜ืึธื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืจื™ื˜ืฉื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืคืขื‘ืจื•ืืจ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื™ืึธืจ. 2.2-2.4 ืžื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื™ึท ืกืขืจื˜ื™ืคื™ืงืึทืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ื˜ืขื’ืœืขืš. ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ืกืขืจื˜ื™ืคื™ืงืึทืฅ ืื™ื– 192 ืžื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ (ืึท ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ื™ืœื˜ื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื) ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธื•ื•ืขืจืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ 260 ืžื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธื•ืžื™ื™ื ื– (195 ืžื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธื•ืžื™ื™ื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืื“ืขืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื™ืึธืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง, 150 ืžื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื™ืืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง, 60 ืžื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื™ืึธืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง). ืœื•ื™ื˜ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ Firefox ื˜ืขืœืขืžืขื˜ืจื™ ื“ื™ื ืกื˜, ื“ื™ ื’ืœืื‘ืืœืข ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืœืึทื˜ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ืขืก ื“ื•ืจืš ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผืก ืื™ื– 82% (ืึท ื™ืึธืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง - 81%, ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื™ืืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง - 77%, ื“ืจื™ื™ ื™ืึธืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง - 69%, ืคื™ืจ ื™ืืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง - 58%).

ืžืงื•ืจ: opennet.ru

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’