ืืขืฆืืข ืืึธืจ ืืื ืคืขืืขืจืืืจื ืืื ืืขืืืขื , ืืขืืึทืงืืืืึทื ืฆื ืคึผืึทืจืึทืืขื ืืื ืคืื ืื ืืขืจืืขืืืืื ืกืืกืืขืืขื. ืืึทืืจืขืึทืืขืก ืืขืืืื ืคึผืจืขืืึทื ืืืืฉืึทื ื ะธ (, ะธ ), ืงืจืืืืืขืจื ืคืื ืงืึธืืคึผืืืขืจืก ืืื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทืืืื ื ืฉืคึผืจืึทืื (C ++, Go, Java, Kotlin), ืืขืืืขืืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืคืื ืคืื ืื ืืขืจืืขืืืืื ืืึทืืึทืืืืกืื (Cassandra, CosmosDB, Yandex Database), ืืื ืืขืืื ื ืืื ืงืจืืืืืขืจื ืืื ืจืืกืขืจืืฉืขืจื ืคืื ืึทืืืขืจืืืึทืื ืืื ืืึทืื ืกืืจืึทืงืืฉืขืจื (CRDT, Paxos, ืืืึทืจืื). -ืคืจืื ืืึทืื ืกืืจืึทืงืืฉืขืจื). ืืื ืึทืืืขืืืื, ืืื ืืขื ืคืื ื ืืืจ ืงืขื ืขื ืฉืืื ื ืขืืขื ืึท ืืืึทืงืึทืฆืืข, ืืื ืึทืืืื ืื IDE ืคึฟืขื ืฆืืขืจ, ืขืคึฟืขื ืขื ืึท ืคึผืืืึทืืืกื ืืืืฃ ืืึธืืืืืข ืืื Hydra 2019 - ืืื ืืึธืื ืื ืึทืจืืขื ืกืงืขืืืฉืืืขืจ ืืืึทืจืื ืึท ืืืกื.
ืืื ืึทืืืขืืืื, ืึทืืึท ืึท ืงืึธื ืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ ืืื ืงืืื ืืึธื ืืขืืจืืคื, ืืื ืืืฆื ืขืก ืืืขื ืคึผืึทืกืืจื ืืืืืขืจ. ืืืืืขืจ ืืื ืืืจืืืื ืืืืฃ ืขื ืืืืฉ, ืืืืึทื ืขืก ืืื ืงืืื ืืขืกืขืจ ืฉืคึผืจืึทื ืฆื ืจืขืื ืืืขืื ืคึผืึทืจืึทืืขื ืืื ืคืื ืื ืืขืจืืขืืืืื ืงืึทืืคึผืืืืื ื. ืืืืืขืจ ืืื ืืืืขืจ, 10ืื ืืื 11ืื ืืืื, ืืืืื ืื ืจืขืื ืขืจ ืืืื ืฆืืื ืฆื ืคืืจืฉื ืืื ืืขืจื ืขื, ืืืฉื, ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืขืจืกืืืขืื ืคืื ืงืืืืืจืืืืฉ, ืจืืืฉืขืกืืขืจ ืืื ืคืขืืขืจืืืจื, ืืื ืื ืืขืจืข ืฆืืืื ืคืื ืืืจ ืืขื ืขื ื ืืฉื ืคืืจ ืืื.
ืึธืืขืจ, ืืึธืก ืืึธื ืืืืจืึท ืืืขื ืืืื ืคืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืืึธืกืงืืืข, ืืืึผ ืจืืึฟ ืคืื ืื ืงืึธื ืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ ืคึผืึทืจืืืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืืขืงืืืขื ืืขืฆืืข ืืึธืจ ืฆื ืืขืจื ืฆื ืจืืคึผืึธืจืฅ ืืืขืื ืคืื ืื ืืขืจืืขืืืืื ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกืืก ืืื ืืจืึทื ืกืึทืงืืืึธื ืึทื ืืึผืจืื. ืื ื ืืึทืข ืืืืจืึท ืคึฟืขืึดืงืืืื ืึท ืืขืจ ืื ืืจืึทืงืึทื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทื, ื ืืึทืข ืกืคึผืืงืขืจื ืฆืืืืืขื ืืื ืื ืืขืืื ืคืื ืืขืฆืืข ืืึธืจ, ืืื ืืขืืื ื ืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืึทืงืึทื ื ืืขืคืื ืคืื ืื ืืงืกืืืืืึทื ื ืคืื ืคึผืึทืจืึทืืขื ืืึทืจืืงืึธืจ ืฆืขืฉืืงื ืฆืืืืฉื ืื ืคึผืึทืจืืืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืืื ืืจืื ืืึทืืืก.
ืืึธืืืจ ืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืึท ืืขืง ืคืื ืงืึทืจืืก ืืืืฃ ืื ืืืฉ ืืื ืื ืืืืึทื ืืื ืืขื ืขืจืึทืืก ืคืืืกืื ื ืึทืจืืืฃ - ืืืจ ืืืขืื ืึทื ืื ื ืืึทืข ืืืืจืึท ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทื ืืึธื ืืืื ืืขืจ ืืืืืืื ืืื ืืืขืจืื. ืืขืฆืืข ืืึธื ืืืจ ืงืจืึทืฆื ืืื ืึท ืคืื ืืขืจื ืื, ืืืฆื ืืึธืืืจ ืืจืึธืื ืืจืืืืขืจ ืืื ืืืคึผืขืจ. ืืึธ ืืขื ืขื ืื ืืืืจืึท 2020 ืืขืืขืก ืืื ืึท ืึทื ืืขืจืฉ ืงืึธืจืขืื ืฆื ืืขืฆืืข ืืึธืจ:
Parallel systems:
* Algorithms & data structures
* Memory models
* Compilers, runtime
* Memory reclamation
* Testing & verification
* Hardware issues
* Non-volatile memory
* Transactional memory
* Scheduling algorithms & implementations
* Heterogeneous computing: CPU, GPU, FPGA, etc.
* Performance analysis, debugging, & optimization
Distributed systems:
* Distributed computing
* Distributed machine learning/deep learning
* State machine replication & consensus
* Fault tolerance & resilience
* Testing & verification
* Hardware issues
* Blockchain & Byzantine fault tolerance
* Distributed databases, NewSQL
* Distributed stream processing
* Scheduling algorithms & implementations
* Cluster management systems
* Security
* Performance analysis, debugging, & optimization
* Peer-to-peer, gossip protocols
* Internet of things
ืืื ืฆื ืจืขืื ืืืขืื ืึทืืข ืืขื ืืื ืื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทื ืคืื ืืืื ืงืึธื ืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ? ืขืก ืืื ืึทืืืึทืืข ื ืื ืกืืืคึผืืขืจ ืืื ืืขืกืืื ื ืื ืืื ืขืึทืจืืืึทืืืืืื ืคืื ืึทืคึผืขืจืืืฉืึทื ื ืืืืฃ ืึท ืืืึทื ืง ื ืืึท ืคืื ืื ืืขืจืืขืืืืื ืงืจืึธื ื ืืฆื , ืึธืืขืจ ืืืจ ืืืขืื ืคึผืจืืืืจื.
ืืึธ ืก ืืืขืจ ืก ืฉืืื ืืื ืื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทื:
(Cindy Sridharan) - ืคืื ืื ืืขืจืืขืืืืื ืกืืกืืขืืขื ืืขืืืขืืึธืคึผืขืจ ืคืื ืกืึทื ืคึฟืจืึทื ืกืืกืงืึธ, ืืืืจ ืคืื ืึท ืงืืจืฅ ืืื (ื ืขืืขื ) ืืื ืคืึธืืงืก , ืืื ืขืก ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืึทืจืืืงื ""ืงืขื ืขื ืืืจ ืจืึทืืขืืืขื ืคืื ืึท ืคึผืึธืจ ืคืื ืืขื ืึทืืืขืง, ืึธืืขืจ ืืึธืื ืืืจ ืฆืืคืจืืื. ืืื Hydra 2020, ืกืื ืื ืืืขื ืืึธืื ืืืจ ืืื , ืืคืืื ืืืื ืืื ืงืจืึธื ืฉืืึทื.
ืืืืื ืกืงืึทื (ืืืืื ืกืงืึทื) - ืคืึธืจืฉืขืจ ืคืื , ืืืงืื ื ืฆื ืึทืืข Java ืืขืืืขืืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืืื ืืขืจ ืืืฉืขืคืขืจ ืคืื ืื Java Standard Library. ืืึธื, ืืื ืื Dijkstra ืคืจืืื ืคึฟืึทืจ ""ืืื ืืืืืขื ืข . ืืขืฆืืข ืืึธืจ, ืืืืื ืืขืืขืื ืื ืืขืกืืขืจ (ืืืื ืฆื ืืืจ) ืืึทืจืืื ืืืืฃ ืืืืจืึท ืืืืฃ , ืืื ืืืฆื ืขืจ ืืืขื ืจืขืื ืืืขืื ะธ , ืื ืืืฆื ืฆื ืคึผืึทืจืึทืืขื ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื.
(ืืืืื ืืึธืืืึทืจื) - ืคืื , ืืืงืื ื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืจืืืืืื ื ืึท ืคืื ืื ืืขืจืืขืืืืื ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกืืก ืึทืืืขืจืืืึทื , ืืื ืืขืืื ื ืืื ืึทืจืืขื ืืืืฃ ืืขื ืขืจืึทืืืืื ื ืคืืขืงืกืืืืข ืคึผืึทืงืกืึธืก ืืื . ืืขืฆืืข ืืึธืจ, Heidi ืืขืจืฆืืืื ืืื ืขืก ืึทืจืืขื ืืื ืึทืจืืขื (ืืืื ืขืจ ืคืื ืื ืืขืกืืขืจ ืจืืคึผืึธืจืฅ), ืืื ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืขื ืคึผืจืืืืจื ืฆื ืืืื ืืืืฃ ืืื ืืืื ืฆืืืืฉื - ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืืฃ ืืืึธืก ืึทืืืขืจืืืึทื ืืื ืืขืกืขืจ.
(Martin Kleppmann) ืืื ืืึธืืขืจ ืึทื ืืคืืื ืืขืจ ืืึทืจืืื ืคืึธืจืฉืขืจ ืคืื ืื ืืื ืืืืขืจืกืืืขื ืคืื ืงืืืืืจืืืืฉ, ืืื ืึท ืืขืืืขืืขื ืขืจ ืืขืืืขืืึธืคึผืขืจ ืคืื ืืจืืืก ืืึทืื ืกืืกืืขืืขื, ืืืึธืก ืืึธื ืืขืฉืจืืื ืึท ืกืึทืคึผืจืืืืื ืืื ืงืืึธืจ ืืื ืืขืจืืืขืจ ืืื ืฆืืง ืืื ืืืืฃ ืคืื ืื ืืขืจืืขืืืืื ืกืืกืืขืืขื." ืืขืฆืืข ืืึธืจ ืืืจืืื ืคืื ืืืืขืจ CRDT ืคืึธืจืฉืื ื, ืืื ืืืึธืก ืืืจ ืืืขืื ืืึธืื ืืืจ ืืืฆื .
(ื ืืงืืืึท ืงืึธืืืึทื) ืืื ืึท ืงืึธืจืืืื ืข ืืขืืืขืืึธืคึผืขืจ ืืื ืื ืงืึธืืืื ืืึทื ืฉืึทืคึฟื, ืึท ืืขืจืขืจ ืคืื ืึท ืงืืจืก ืืืืฃ ืืึทืืื-ืืจืขืืื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทืืืื ื ืืื ITMO, ืืื ืึท ืืืืืืื ืคืื ืืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทื ืงืึทืืืื ืคืื ืื ืืืืจืึท ืงืึธื ืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ (ืืึธ, ืืขืจ ืขืฆื ืืืึธืก ืืขืจ ืึทืจืืืงื ืืื ืืืขืื). ืืขืฆืืข ืืึธืจ ื ืืงืืืึท ืืขืจืขืื ืืืขืื ืืขืกืืื ื ืืืืื-ืืจืขืืื ืืึทืื ืกืืจืึทืงืืฉืขืจื ืืืืฃ ืื JVM ืคึผืืึทืืคืึธืจืืข ื ืืฆื , ืืื ืืื ืืืืจืึท 2020 ืขืจ ืืืขืื SegmentQueueSynchronizer - ืืืขืจืึทืคืืื ื ืืฆื ืคืึทืจ ืึทืืกืืจืึทืงืฆืืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทืืืื ื ืกืื ืืงืจืึทื ืึทืืืืฉืึทื ืคึผืจืืืืืืืื.
ืืื ืืื ืืืขืจ ืืืกืื ืืงืจืึทื ืึทืก ืึทื ืึทืื ืกืื: ืืื ืืึทื ืฅ ืขืก ืืืขื ืืืื ืืืขืื ืืจืื ืืืฅ ืจืืคึผืึธืจืฅ ืืืืฃ ืืขืจ ืงืึธื ืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ, ืืืจ ืืืขืื ืืขืจืฆืืืื ืืืจ ืืืขืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืึทืื. ืืืื, ืคืึทืจืฉืืืื ืืื, ืืืขื ืืืื ืืืกืงืืกืืข ืืึธื ืขืก, ืืืื ืขืก ืืื ื ืืืืืง ืฆื ืคึผืจืืืืจื ืื ืกืคึผืืงืขืจื ืืื ืคืจืืืขืก ืืื ืืืื ืึธืืขืจ ืขืืืขืืข ืคึฟืขืืขื ืืื ืึท ืืขื ืขืจืึทื ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกืืก ืืื ืืขืจืืจืืืื.
ืืื ืืืื ืืืจ ืืขื ื ืืึทืืืืืง, ืืืจืืื ืงืืขืคึผืืึทื ืืืขื ืฆืืืื ืืืื ืืื.
ืืึธ, ืืืืืขืจ ืื ืืืืจืึท 2020 ืืืฆืื ื, ื ืืืืื 6-9 ืืืื, ืขืก ืืืขื ืืืื โ ืื ืืจืืืข ืืืืขืจึพืฉืื ืืืืฃ ืืขืจ ืืขืืจืืข ืืื ืคืืจืื ื ืคืื ืคืืจืฉืคืจืืืื ืงืืืคืืืืขืจ. ืืึธืก ืืืขื ืืขืื ืืืจ ืกืขื ืกืืืฉืึทื ื ืืืึธืก ืืขื ืขื ืฉืืืขืจ ืฆื ืืึทืงืืืขื ืืื ืึท ืงืึธื ืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ, ืึทืืื ืืืจ ืืืขืื ืจืขืื ืืืขืื ืื ืฉืืืข ืืื ืึท ืืึทืืื ืืขืจ ืคึผืึธืกืื.
ืืืืก ืืื ืืขืฆื? ืคืืจืกืืื, ื ืึธืืืืื ืื ื ืืึทืขืก ืืืืฃ Habrรฉ ืืื ืืืืฃ ืืขืืขืืฉืึทืคืืืขื ื ืขืืืืึธืจืงืก (, , ).
ืฆืืืืืื ืก, ืืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืื ืคืืื ืึท ืืจืืืืกืืึทืืึทื ืคืึทืจืืึทื ื ืฆื ืึธื ืืืื ื ืขืืขื ืืื ืื ืงืึธื ืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ, ืืืกืคืึธืจืฉื ืื ืืืขืืืืืื, ืืืจ ืงืขื ืขื ืฉืืื .
ืืจืื, ืืึธื ื ืื ืคืขืื ืื ืืขืืขืื ืืืื ืฆื ืฉืืืขืกื ืืื ืื ืืืืจืึท 2020 ืืืฆืื ื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทื ืงืึทืืืื ืืื ืื ืืึทืืขืจืงืื ืืขื. ืคึผืืกื ืืืืืืืืขืจ ืืืขืื ืฆืืคืจืืื ืฆื ืจืขืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืขืื ืฆืืงืื ืคึฟื ืงืึธื ืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ ืืขืืขืก.
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