ืคืจื™ื™ ืคืจืืงืกื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืึทืจื ืขืžื•ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ืคืขืœื“ ื“ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉ

ืคืจื™ื™ ืคืจืืงืกื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืึทืจื ืขืžื•ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ืคืขืœื“ ื“ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉ

pfSense + Squid ืžื™ื˜ https ืคึฟื™ืœื˜ืจื™ืจื•ื ื’ + ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื›ืŸ-ืื•ื™ืฃ (SSO) ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื• Directory ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข ืคึฟื™ืœื˜ืจื™ืจื•ื ื’

ืงื•ืจืฅ ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืจื’ืจื•ื ื˜

ื“ื™ ืคื™ืจืžืข ื“ืืจืฃ ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืžืขื ื˜ ืึท ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืœืขืš (ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ https) ื“ื•ืจืš ื’ืจื•ืคึผืขืก ืคื•ืŸ AD ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื– ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ืื•ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื“ืžื™ื ืึทืกื˜ืขืจื“ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื‘ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“. ื’ื•ื˜ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืขืก?

ื“ืขืจ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืขื ื˜ืคึฟืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ืกืึทืœื•ืฉืึทื ื– ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ Kerio Control ืึธื“ืขืจ UserGate, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืœื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื ื•ื™ื˜.

ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื• ื“ื™ ื’ื•ื˜ ืึทืœื˜ ืกืงื•ื•ื™ื“ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฆื• ืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ - ื•ื•ื• ืงืขืŸ ืื™ืš ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืขื‘ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“? SAMS2? ืžืึธืจืึทืœื™ืฉ ืคืึทืจืขืœื˜ืขืจื˜. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื• pfSense ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฆื• ืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ.

ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ื•ื ื’

ื“ืขืจ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ ื“ื™ Squid ืคืจืืงืกื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ.
ืงืขืจื‘ืขืจืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืื ื•ืฆืขืจ.
SquidGuard ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื“ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืขืก.

Lightsquid, sqstat ืื•ืŸ ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš pfSense ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’.
ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ืกืึธืœื•ื•ืข ืึท ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื›ืŸ-ืื•ื™ืฃ (SSO) ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข, ื ื™ื™ืžืœื™ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื™ื ื“ื ื‘ืจืขืš ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืงืึธืžืคึผืึทืก ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ.

ืคึผืจื™ืคึผืขืจื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ืกืงื•ื•ื™ื“

pfSense ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื™ืงืขืจ, ื™ื™ึทื ืžืึธื ื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ื™ื ืกื˜ืจืึทืงืฉืึทื ื–.

ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ื™ืจืŸ ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ืจื•ื•ืึทืœ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืคืขืœื“ ืึทืงืึทื•ื ืฅ. Instructions.

ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ื’!

ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ Squid, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ ื“ื™ DNS ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ pfsense, ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ ืื•ืŸ ืึท PTR ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื“ื ืก ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ NTP ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื“ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœืœืขืจ.

ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืขืฅ, ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ WAN ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ ืคื•ืŸ pfSense ืฆื• ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขืฅ, ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืขืจืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื’ืข ื ืขืฅ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืœืึทืŸ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“, ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืคึผืึธืจืฅ 7445 ืื•ืŸ 3128 (ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืœ 8080).

ืื™ื– ืึทืœืฅ ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜? ืื™ื– ื“ื™ LDAP ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ื•ื ื’ ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื ื“ืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉ ืื•ื™ืฃ pfSense ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ื– ืกื™ื ื’ืงืจืึทื ื™ื™ื–ื“? ื’ืจื•ื™ืก. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ืขื ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก.

ื™ื™ึทื ืžืึธื ื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจ-ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ

Squid, SquidGuard ืื•ืŸ LightSquid ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ pfSense ืคึผืขืงืœ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ "ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื / ืคึผืึทืงืงืึทื’ืข ืžืึทื ืึทื’ืขืจ".

ื ืึธืš ื’ืขืจืึธื˜ืŸ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจื•ื ื’, ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• "ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก / ืกืงื•ื•ื™ื“ ืคึผืจืึธืงืกื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ /" ืื•ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืืงืืœืข ืงืึทืฉ ืงื•ื•ื™ื˜ืœ, ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ ืงืึทื˜ืฉื™ื ื’, ืื™ืš ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ืฆื• 0, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ืš ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ืขืŸ ืคื™ืœ ืคื•ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึทื˜ืฉื™ื ื’ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืœืขืš, ื‘ืจืึทื•ื–ืขืจื– ื˜ืึธืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื. ื ืึธืš ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ, ื“ืจื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ "ื”ื™ื˜" ืงื ืขืคึผืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื ืึธ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืขืงืจืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ื“ื™ ื’ืขืœืขื’ื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื™ืงืขืจื“ื™ืง ืคืจืืงืกื™ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก.

ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื’ื™ื™ื˜:

ืคืจื™ื™ ืคืจืืงืกื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืึทืจื ืขืžื•ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ืคืขืœื“ ื“ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉ

ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคึผืึธืจื˜ ืื™ื– 3128, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืš ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ 8080.

ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืงืœื™ื‘ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ ืงื•ื•ื™ื˜ืœ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืคื™ื™ืกื™ื– ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคืจืืงืกื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืขืจืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ. ื–ื™ื ื˜ ื“ืขื ืคื™ื™ืจื•ื•ืึทืœ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ื•ื•ืขื’ ืึทื– ืขืก ืงื•ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“, ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืœืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ื”ื™ื’ืข ืกื•ื‘ื ืขื˜, ืื™ืš ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ื™ืจืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืœืึทืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืคืจืืงืกื™.

ืœืึธืึธืคึผื‘ืึทืงืง ืื™ื– ื“ืืจืฃ ืคึฟืึทืจ sqstat ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ.

ื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคึผืขืจืึทื ื˜ (ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคึผืขืจืึทื ื˜) ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ SSL ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืžื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ื–ื™ื™, ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคึผืขืจืึทื ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ https ืคึฟื™ืœื˜ืจื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ (ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ืึธืงื•ืžืขื ื˜ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ, ื‘ืึทื ืง ืงืœื™ื™ืึทื ืฅ, ืืื–"ื• ื•), ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื ืึธืจ ืงื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“ืฉื™ื™ืง.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ื™ื ืข, ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคืขืœื“ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึธื•ืœืขืจ, ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืขืก (ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ pfSense ื–ื™ืš). ื“ืึธ ืื™ื– ืึท ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืคืึทืงื˜ืึธืจ - ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื‘ื“ืขื” ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ AES128 ืึธื“ืขืจ AES256 ืขื ืงืจื™ืคึผืฉืึทืŸ - ื˜ืฉืขืง ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื‘ืึธืงืกืขืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก.

ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืขืœื“ ืื™ื– ืึท ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืฆื™ืจื˜ ื•ื•ืึทืœื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืจืขืงื˜ืขืจื™ื– ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืขืœื“ ืื™ื– .ืœืึธืงืึทืœ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ, ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืึท ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ื–ืฉื•ืง ืื™ื– ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื•ืกื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš. ืงืขืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงืึธืžืคึผืœืขืงืก ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ืคืึทืœ.

ืคืจื™ื™ ืคืจืืงืกื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืึทืจื ืขืžื•ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ืคืขืœื“ ื“ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉ

ื ืึธืš ื“ืขื, ืžื™ืจ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ื˜ืขืงืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืขืจื‘ืขืจืึธืก, ืขืคึฟืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ ืคึผื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทื˜ืึธืจ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื“ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœืœืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ:

# ktpass -princ HTTP/[email protected] -mapuser pfsense -pass 3EYldza1sR -crypto {DES-CBC-CRC|DES-CBC-MD5|RC4-HMAC-NT|AES256-SHA1|AES128-SHA1|All} -ptype KRB5_NT_PRINCIPAL -out C:keytabsPROXY.keytab

ื•ื•ื• ืžื™ืจ ืึธื ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ FQDN pfSense, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืฆื• ืจืขืกืคึผืขืงื˜ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ, ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคืขืœื“ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืคึผื•ืกืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธ ืžื™ืจ ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขื ืขื ืงืจื™ืคึผืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ, ืื™ืš ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ rc4 ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ -out ืคืขืœื“ ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ื• ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฉื™ืงืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ื˜ืขืงืข.
ื ืึธืš ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ื˜ืขืงืข, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืฉื™ืงืŸ ืขืก ืฆื• ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ pfSense, ืื™ืš ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ Far ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขื, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ pfSense ื•ื•ืขื‘ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ "ื“ื™ืึทื’ื ืึธืกื˜ื™ืงืก ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ ืฉื•ืจื”".

ืื™ืฆื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืจืขื“ืึทื’ื™ืจืŸ / ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ /etc/krb5.conf

ืคืจื™ื™ ืคืจืืงืกื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืึทืจื ืขืžื•ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ืคืขืœื“ ื“ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉ

ื•ื•ื• /etc/krb5.keytab ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ื˜ืขืงืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ.

ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืงืขืจื‘ืขืจืึธืก ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืงื™ื ื™ื˜, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ื ื˜ ืฆื• ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ.

ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื ื’ ืกืงื•ื•ื™ื“ ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืึธืŸ ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ

ืžื™ื˜ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“ ืงืขืจื‘ืขืจืึธืก, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืคืึทืกื˜ืŸ ืขืก ืฆื• ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืกืงื•ื•ื™ื“.

ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก, ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ServicesSquid Proxy Server ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื“ื ืึธ, ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื ืขืคึผืœ "ืึทื•ื•ืึทื ืกื™ืจื˜ืข ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก".

ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ Custom Options (ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ Auth) ืคืขืœื“, ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ:

#ะฅะตะปะฟะตั€ั‹
auth_param negotiate program /usr/local/libexec/squid/negotiate_kerberos_auth -s GSS_C_NO_NAME -k /usr/local/etc/squid/squid.keytab -t none
auth_param negotiate children 1000
auth_param negotiate keep_alive on
#ะกะฟะธัะบะธ ะดะพัั‚ัƒะฟะฐ
acl auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl nonauth dstdomain "/etc/squid/nonauth.txt" 
#ะ ะฐะทั€ะตัˆะตะฝะธั 
http_access allow nonauth 
http_access deny !auth
http_access allow auth

ื•ื•ืื• auth_param ืคืึทืจื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื /usr/local/libexec/squid/negotiate_kerberos_auth - ืกืึทืœืขืงืฅ ื“ื™ ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืงืขืจื‘ืขืจืึธืก ื”ืขืœืคึผืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ.

ืฉืœื™ืกืœ -s ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ืฉ GSS_C_NO_NAME - ื“ื™ืคื™ื™ื ื– ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ื˜ืขืงืข.

ืฉืœื™ืกืœ -k ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ืฉ /usr/local/etc/squid/squid.keytab - ื‘ืืฉืœืืกืŸ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืงื™ื˜ื˜ืึทื‘ ื˜ืขืงืข. ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืœ, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ืงื™ื™ื˜ืึทื‘ ื˜ืขืงืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืš ืงืึทืคึผื™ื“ ืฆื• ื“ื™ /usr/local/etc/squid/ ื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ื ื™ื™ืžื“ ืขืก, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ื ื˜ืคื™ืฉ ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจืขื ื“ื– ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ, ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜. ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืจืขื›ื˜.

ืฉืœื™ืกืœ -t ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ืฉ -ื˜ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ื˜ - ื“ื™ืกื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœื– ืกื™ื™ืงืœื™ืง ืจื™ืงื•ื•ืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื“ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึธื•ืœืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจืึทื“ื•ืกืึทื– ื“ื™ ืžืึทืกืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขืก ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ 50 ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื–.
ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื“ื•ื™ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืข, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื“ื™ -ื“ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ - ื“"ื” ื“ื™ืึทื’ื ืึธืกื˜ื™ืงืก, ืžืขืจ ืœืึธื’ืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ.
auth_param ืคืึทืจื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ 1000 - ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื– ื•ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœืข ืกื™ื™ืžืึทืœื˜ื™ื™ื ื™ืึทืก ื“ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ
auth_param ืคืึทืจื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืŸ Keep_alive ืื•ื™ืฃ - ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืจืขื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธืœืœื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉ ืงื™ื™ื˜
acl auth proxy_auth REQUIRED - ืงืจื™ื™ื™ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ืึท ืึทืงืกืขืก ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื•ื•ืึธืก ื›ื•ืœืœ ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉ
acl nonauth dstdomain "/etc/squid/nonauth.txt" - ืžื™ืจ ืžื™ื˜ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ื ื˜ืคื™ืฉ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึธื ืึทื•ื˜ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืจืฉื™ืžื”, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื›ึผื•ืœืœ ื“ืขืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื“ืึธื•ืžื™ื™ื ื–, ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฆื• ืึทืงืกืขืก. ืžื™ืจ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืงืข ื–ื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ื™ืŸ ืขืก ืžื™ืจ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ืึธื•ืžื™ื™ื ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทื˜

.whatsapp.com
.whatsapp.net

ื•ื•ื”ืึทืฆืึทืคึผืคึผ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืคืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ - ืขืก ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคึผื™ืงื™ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ ืžื™ื˜ ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ.
ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผ_ืึทืงืกืขืก ืœืึธื–ืŸ ื ืึธื ืึทื•ื˜ - ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ืฆื•ื˜ืจื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืจืฉื™ืžื”
ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผ_ืึทืงืกืขืก ืœื™ื™ืงืขื ืขืŸ !ืึทื•ื˜ื” - ืžื™ืจ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ืึทื ืึธื˜ืขืจื™ื™ื–ื“ ื ื™ืฆืขืจืก ืฆื• ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืœืขืš
ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผ_ืึทืงืกืขืก ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืึธื˜ - ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ืึธื˜ืขืจื™ื™ื–ื“ ื ื™ืฆืขืจืก.
ืึทื– ืก ืขืก, ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ื ื˜ืคื™ืฉ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื– ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“, ืื™ืฆื˜ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจื™ื ื’ ื“ื•ืจืš ื’ืจื•ืคึผืขืก.

ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื ื’ SquidGuard

ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ServicesSquidGuard Proxy Filter.

ืื™ืŸ LDAP ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก ืžื™ืจ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืขืจื‘ืขืจืึธืก ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทื˜:

CN=pfsense,OU=service-accounts,DC=domain,DC=local

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืกืคึผื™ื™ืกืึทื– ืึธื“ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜-ืœืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช, ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืคึผืึธื–ื™ืฆื™ืข ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื ืงืœืึธื•ื–ื“ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธืคึผืœ ืงื•ื•ืึธื˜ืขืก:

'CN=sg,OU=service-accounts,DC=domain,DC=local'
"CN=sg,OU=service-accounts,DC=domain,DC=local"

ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึธืงืกืขืก:

ืคืจื™ื™ ืคืจืืงืกื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืึทืจื ืขืžื•ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ืคืขืœื“ ื“ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉ

ืฆื• ืฉื ื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ื•ืžื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง DOMAINpfsense DOMAIN.ืœืึธืงืึทืœ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืฉืคึผื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง.

ืื™ืฆื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืจื•ืคืข ืึทืงืœ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคืขืœื“ ืึทืงืกืขืก ื’ืจื•ืคึผืขืก, ืื™ืš ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ group_0, group_1, ืขื˜ืง ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• 3, ื•ื•ื• 3 ืื™ื– ืึทืงืกืขืก ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืก ืจืฉื™ืžื”, ืื•ืŸ 0 - ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš.

ื’ืจื•ืคึผืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืœื™ื ื’ืงื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื’ื™ื™ื˜:

ldapusersearch ldap://dc.domain.local:3268/DC=DOMAIN,DC=LOCAL?sAMAccountName?sub?(&(sAMAccountName=%s)(memberOf=CN=group_0%2cOU=squid%2cOU=service-groups%2cDC=DOMAIN%2cDC=LOCAL))

ืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข, ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• Times, ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืื™ืš ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ืก, ื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ืฉ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜, ืื™ืฆื˜ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ืฆื™ืœ ืงืึทื˜ืขื’ืึธืจื™ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืœื•ื™ื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื“ื™ืกืงืจืขืฉืึทืŸ, ื ืึธืš ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืžื™ืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข, ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื ืขืคึผืœืขืš ืฆื• ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจ ืงืขืŸ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืื•ื”ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจ ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืื•ื”ื™ืŸ .

LightSquid ืื•ืŸ ืกืงืกื˜ืึทื˜

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื“ื™ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืงืœื™ื‘ืŸ ืึท ืœื•ืคึผื‘ืึทืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ื ื˜ืคื™ืฉ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืขืคื ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืึทืงืกืขืก 7445 ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ืจื•ื•ืึทืœ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื ืขืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ pfSense ื–ื™ืš, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ืึทื’ื ืึธืกื˜ื™ืงืก ืคื•ืŸ ืกืงื•ื•ื™ื“ ืคึผืจืึธืงืกื™ ืจืขืคึผืึธืจืฅ, ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืœื™ื™ื›ื˜ ืขืคึฟืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข sqstat ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ื’ืกืงื•ื•ื™ื“, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืึธืจื˜, ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื ืืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ื“ื™ ื’ืขืœืขื’ื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืŸ.

ืงืึทืžืคึผืœื™ืฉืึทืŸ

pfSense ืื™ื– ืึท ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ึทื’ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ื ื’ื– - ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ืกื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืึท ื‘ืจืึธื›ืฆืึธืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™, ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคืึทืจื ืขืžื•ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ 500 ืžืืฉื™ื ืขืŸ, ื“ืึธืก ืกืึทืœื•ื•ื“ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืจืื˜ืขื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ื™ื™ื™ื ื’ ืึท ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™.

ืื™ืš ื”ืึธืคึฟืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืขืœืคึฟืŸ ืขืžืขืฆืขืจ ืกืึธืœื•ื•ืข ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืขื ื˜ืขืจืคึผืจื™ืกืขืก.

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’