ืื™ื– MongoDB ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื“ื™ ืจืขื›ื˜ ื‘ืจื™ืจื”?

ืื™ืš ืœืขืฆื˜ื ืก ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืก ืึทื– Red Hat ืจื™ืžื•ื•ื•ื– MongoDB ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืึทื˜ืขืœื™ื˜ (ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ). ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื˜ืจืื›ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื™ืึธืจืŸ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืข ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืฉืจืขืงืœืขืš MongoDB ืื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืขืก. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืฆื™ื™ื˜, MongoDB ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืึท ืคื™ืœ ืžืขืจ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืงืกืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงื˜. ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉืขืŸ? ืื™ื– ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ื”ืึทืก ื˜ืึทืงืข ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืžื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ืงืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคืจื™ ืคึฟืึทืจืงื•ื™ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึท DBMS? ืึธื“ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ืฆืŸ MongoDB ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ืžืจืขื›ื˜ ืขืจื˜ืขืจ?

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืคื™ืœืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืš ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ื™ื“ื™ืงืŸ MongoDB, ื‘ื™ื˜ืข ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืึธืคึผืœื™ื™ืงืขื ื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ.

ื ื™ื• ื’ืึทื ื’

ืื™ืš ื”ืื‘ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ืื™ื ื“ื•ืกื˜ืจื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžืขืจ ื™ืึธืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืš ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ืึธืš ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื™ืงืกืคึผืึธื•ื–ื“ ืฆื• ืึท ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืจืขื ื“ืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฉืœืึธื’ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืื™ื ื“ื•ืกื˜ืจื™ืข. ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื ืึทืกื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื›ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ 4GL, AOP, Agile, SOA, Web 2.0, AJAX, Blockchain ... ื“ื™ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืื™ื– ืกืึธืฃ. ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื™ืึธืจ ื ื™ื™ึท ื˜ืจืขื ื“ืก ื“ืขืจืฉื™ื™ึทื ืขืŸ. ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื“ ื•ื•ืขืœืงืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง, ื‘ืฉืขืช ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืคืึทื ื“ืึทืžืขื ื˜ืึทืœื™ ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื’ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ืื™ื– ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขื“.

ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื ื™ื™ึท ื’ืึทื ื’ ืงืจื™ื™ื™ืฅ ืึท ื’ืขื ืขืจืึทืœ ื™ืงืกื™ื™ื˜ืžืึทื ื˜: ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ืจืขื˜, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึทืฉ ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธื›ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืกืข. ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืื™ื– ืงืึธื“ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš Gartner ืื™ืŸ ื›ื™ื™ืคึผ ืฆื™ืงืœ. ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืึทืœ, ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ื™ืžืœื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืขืจืขืš ื‘ืืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื›ืึทืคึผืึทื ื– ืฆื• ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ื– ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ ื™ื•ื•ืขื ื˜ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืœื™ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื ื•ืฆื™ืง.

ืื‘ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ื– ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื›ื™ื“ืขืฉ (ืึธื“ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ืึท ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ) ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ื™ืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ NoSQL, ื“ื™ ื›ื™ื™ืคึผ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื™ืžืขืจื“ื–ืฉืึทื ืก ืื•ืŸ ืžืขื˜ืขืึธืจื™ืง ื”ืขื›ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ MongoDB. MongoDB ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ืขื ื’ืึทื ื’: ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜, ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขืฅ ืงืึธืžืคึผืึทื ื™ืขืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืžื™ื˜ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื™ื ื’ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืึทืžืึทื•ื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืขืคื™ืจื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜-ืจื™ืœื™ื™ืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืกื™ื–. ื“ื™ ืงื•ื™ืœืขืœื“ื™ืง ื‘ืึทื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื ื’ ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ืขื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืคึผืจืึทื“ื–ืฉืขืงืก ื•ื•ื™ Google's Bigtable ืื•ืŸ Facebook's Cassandra, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ MongoDB ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื•ืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื˜ืจื™ื˜ืœืขืš NoSQL ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืก ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ื˜ืจื™ื˜ ืฆื•.

ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’: ืื™ืจ ืงืขืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื•ื–ื™ื ื’ ื“ืึธืงื•ืžืขื ื˜ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืกื™ื– ืžื™ื˜ ืงืึธืœื•ืžื ืขืจ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืกื™ื–, ืฉืœื™ืกืœ / ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืกื˜ืึธืจื– ืึธื“ืขืจ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืœืข ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื˜ื™ื™ืคึผืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคืึทืœืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ืข NoSQL ื“ืขืคึฟื™ื ื™ืฆื™ืข. ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ ืจืขื›ื˜. ืื‘ืข ืจ ื“ืขืžืืœ ื˜ ื”ื ื˜ ื’ืขื”ืขืจืฉ ื˜ ื›ืืืก . ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืึทื‘ืกืขืกื˜ ืžื™ื˜ NoSQL, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ืœืขื’ืึทืžืจืข ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง, ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืคื™ืœืข ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืคืขืจืึทื ืกื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ื–. ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคื™ืœืข, MongoDB ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืกืึทื ืึทื ืึทืžืึทืก NoSQL.

ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืคึผืึทื•ื ืกื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขืก. ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืกื˜ืฉืขืžืœืขืกืก ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืก ืึทื– ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœื™ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืฆื• ืกืึธืœื•ื•ืข ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื˜ืขืžืคึผื˜ื™ื ื’. ืึทืจื•ื 2014, ืขืก ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื– ืื•ืžืขื˜ื•ื ืึทื– ืึท ื™ืึธืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืึท ืจื™ืœื™ื™ืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืก ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ MySQL, Postgres ืึธื“ืขืจ SQL Server ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืฆืขื•ื•ื™ืงืœืขืŸ MongoDB ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืกื™ื–. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืขืคืจืขื’ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก, ืื™ืจ ืงืขืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืŸ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื ืึทืœ "ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื‘" ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืžืขืจ ืคืึทืจื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ "ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืœื•ืกืœื™ ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจื“ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืก ืึธืŸ ืึท ืกื˜ืฉืขืžืึท."

ืขืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ ืึทื– MongoDB, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืงื•ืžืขื ื˜ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืกื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืกืึธืœื•ื•ืข ืึท ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ืจืื“ื™ืฆื™ืื ืขืœืŸ ืจื™ืœื™ื™ืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืกื™ื–:

  • ืฉื˜ืจืขื ื’ ืกื›ืขืžืข: ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืจื™ืœื™ื™ืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืก, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ื ืึทืžื™ืงืึทืœืœื™ ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ, ืื™ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ ื’ืขืฆื•ื•ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ื ื˜ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทืค "ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื™ื“ืขื ืข" ืฉืคืืœื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ, ืฉื˜ื•ืคึผืŸ ื‘ืœืึทื‘ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืขืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ EAV... ื“ืึธืก ืึทืœืฅ ื”ืื˜ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง ื“ื™ืกืึทื“ื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ื–.
  • ืฉื•ื•ืขืจื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืกืงื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’: ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืึทื– ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ, MongoDB ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ื˜ ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืžื– ืฆื• ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืขืก ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืงื™ื™ืคืœ ืžืืฉื™ื ืขืŸ.
  • ืงืึธืžืคึผืœืขืงืก ืงืจื™ื™ึทื– ืžืึธื“ื™ืคื™ืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธื ืก: ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื’ืจืึทื˜ื™ืึธื ืก! ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืจื™ืœื™ื™ืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืก, ื˜ืฉืึทื ื’ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืก ืกื˜ืจื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ืจื™ื–ื™ืง ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื (ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ). MongoDB ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืคึผืึธืฉืขื˜ืขืจืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ. ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืขืก ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืจื™ื™ึทื– ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื“.
  • ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ื ื’ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’: MongoDB ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ื•ื˜, ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“. ืืคื™ืœื• MongoDB's out-of-the-box ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึธืคื˜ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืงื™ืจื˜, ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื™ืžืคึผืจืขืกื™ื•ื• ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ื ื•ืžืขืจืŸ.

ืึทืœืข ืจื™ืกืงืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ืจ

ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธื˜ืขื ืฆื™ืขืœ ื‘ืขื ืขืคื™ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ MongoDB ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืจื™ื–ื™ืง, ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืงืœืืกืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืึธืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืงืึธื ื˜ืขืงืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืึธืŸ ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’, ืื™ืจ ืงืขืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืจื•ืฉื ืึทื– MongoDB ืื™ื– ื‘ืืžืช ืึท ืจืขื•ื•ืืœื•ืฆื™ืื ืขืจ DBMS. ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื‘ืขื ืขืคื™ืฅ ืœื™ืกื˜ืขื“ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ื•ื•ื™ืึทืฅ, ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืœื™ืกื˜ืขื“ ืื•ื ื˜ืŸ.

ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืŸ, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื™ 10gen/MongoDB ื™ื ืง. ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืืžืช, ื“ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืคืฉืจื•ืช.

  • ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื–: ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ื”ืึทืจืฅ ืฉื˜ืจื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืจื™ืœื™ื™ืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืกื™ื– (ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืจื•ื‘ึฟ). ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ืงื™ื™ืคืœ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืึทื˜ืึธืžื™ืฉืข ืื•ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืขื ืฉื•ืจ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืงืึธื ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื˜. ื“ืึธืš, ืžื™ื˜ ืึท NoSQL ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืก, ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืงื•ืžืขื ื˜, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™-ืคืึทืกืข ืงืึทืžื™ืฅ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ืกืขืžืึทื ื˜ื™ืงืก. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืžืขื ื˜ ื“ืขื ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ ื–ื™ืš ... ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜-ืงืึทื ืกื•ืžื™ื ื’ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜. ืึธืคื˜ ืื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ื‘ื™ื– ืื™ืจ ื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืก ืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจืงืจื™ืคึผืœื˜ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื“ื™ ืึทื˜ืึธืžื™ืฉื™ื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืจืึทื ื˜ื™ื“. ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’: ืคื™ืœืข ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืึทื– MongoDB 4.0 ื™ื ื˜ืจืึธื•ื“ื•ืกื˜ ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื™ืึธืจ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–. ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ื™ืงืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึท ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข: ืึธืคึผืฉืึทืฆืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ืžื™ืฅ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื“ืขืจืคืขื ื™ืฉืŸ.
  • ืึธื ื•ื•ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืจื™ืœื™ื™ืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ืึธืจื ื˜ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ (ืคืจืขืžื“ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ): ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช, ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ. ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืึท ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจืขืกืคึผืขืงื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืืฆื™ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื•ื’ืจืึทืžืขืจื–.
  • ืคืขืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืกื˜ืจื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ: ืฉื˜ืจืขื ื’ ืกื˜ืฉืขืžืึทืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืžืืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืึท ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทื ืคึฟืึทืจ ื’ื•ื˜ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจื™ื ื’ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืœื™. ื“ืึธืงื•ืžืขื ื˜ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืกื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ MongoDB ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืกื˜ืฉืขืžืึท ื‘ื™ื™ื’ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื’ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืจื™ืžื•ื•ื•ื– ื“ื™ ืคึฟืึทืจืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจื˜ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืจื™ื™ืŸ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืงืขื™ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™, ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืกื•ืฃ ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึธื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืกื˜ืึธืจื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืขื ืื™ืจ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืŸ. ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืึธืคื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคื™ืจืžืข Simple Thread ... ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืึทืžืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ืจื™ื˜ืึทืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ืง. ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’: MongoDB ืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ืกื˜ืฉืขืžืึท ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจื•ื ื’: ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื•ืฆื™ืง, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ื’ืขืจืึทื ื˜ื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืจื™ืœื™ื™ืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืก. ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข, ืึทื“ื™ื ื’ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื˜ืฉืึทื ื’ื™ื ื’ ืึท ืกื˜ืฉืขืžืึท ื˜ืฉืขืง ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืจืงืŸ ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืึทืžืœื•ื ื’. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืขื ืฉื•ืจ ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืกื˜ืฉืขืžืึท. ื‘ืึทืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื™ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื“ืขืจืคืขื ื™ืฉืŸ.
  • ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ืจืŸ ืึธื ืคึฟืจืขื’ ืฉืคึผืจืึทืš / ืึธื ื•ื•ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ึทื’ ื™ืงืึธื•ืกื™ืกื˜ืึทื: ื“ื™ ืึทื“ื•ื•ืขื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ SQL ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทืŸ ืึทื‘ืกืึธืœื•ื˜ ืจืขื•ื•ืึธืœื•ืฆื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื˜ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึทืŸ ื™ื ืงืจืขื“ืึทื‘ืœื™ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ืฉืคึผืจืึทืš, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืฆื™ืจื˜. ื“ื™ ื ื•ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื‘ื•ื™ืขืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืก ืคึฟืจืื’ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืฉืคึผืจืึทืš ืงืึทื ืกื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ JSON ืคืจืึทื’ืžืึทื ืฅ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืฉืจื™ื˜ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ื“ื•ืจืš ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ SQL. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืึทืœื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืึทืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ SQL ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืกื™ื–, ืคึฟื•ืŸ IDE ืฆื• ืจืขืคึผืึธืจื˜ื™ื ื’ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื. ืžืึธื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืึท ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ SQL ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืื™ื‘ืขืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ SQL ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื–ื™ื™, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ.

ืคื™ืœืข ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื•ื•ืขื ื“ืŸ ืฆื• MongoDB ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ืึทืงืข ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœ-ืึธืคืก, ืื•ืŸ ืึธืคื˜ ื“ื™ื™ื•ื•ื“ ื›ืขื“ืคื™ืจืกื˜ ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ืขืก ื•ื•ื™ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืง ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืงืจืึธื. ื ืึธืš ื“ืขื ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึธืคื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื™ื ืงืจืขื“ืึทื‘ืœื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืฆื• ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง.

ื•ื•ืืก ื”ืื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขืงืขื ื˜ ื˜ื•ื”ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืฉ?

ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืœืึธื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื ืึธ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืคื™ืœืข ืคึผืจืึทื“ื–ืฉืขืงืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ MongoDB ืื™ืŸ ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ื• ืขืก ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง - ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคื™ืœืข ื™ืึธืจืŸ ืฆื• ืงื•ืžืขืŸ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ืึทื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืคืืจื‘ืจืื›ื˜ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืžืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขื˜ืึทื“ื™ืงืึทืœืœื™ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ื“ื•ืจืš ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ื‘ืจื™ืจื•ืช, ืคื™ืœืข ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ื‘ืจื™ืจื•ืช.

ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื›ื˜ ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข? ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคืจื•ื•ื•ืŸ ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืึทื˜ื™ืฉ ืคืจื™ื™ืžื•ื•ืขืจืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ืึทืกืขืกืžืึทื ื˜, ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ "ืคืจืึทืžืขื•ื•ืึธืจืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื ื˜ืจืึธื•ื“ื•ืกื™ื ื’ ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ืึทื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–" ะธ "ืคืจืึทืžืขื•ื•ืึธืจืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืกืกืขืกืกื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ื–", ืื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ืžื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืงืึทืžืคึผืœืขืงืกื™ื˜ื™.

ืคื™ืœืข ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืœื™ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื˜ืœื™ ืึทืกืกืขืกืกืขื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึทืกืงื™ื ื’ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื™ืงืขืจื“ื™ืง ืคืจืื’ืขืก. ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื™ื– ืฆื• ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืขื ื˜ืคึฟืขืจืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืคึฟืึทืจืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจื˜ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜, ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืขื ื˜ืคึฟืขืจืก ืื•ืŸ ืึธืŸ ืคืึธืจื•ืจื˜ื™ื™ืœ.

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคื™ื™ืกื™ื ื’ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื, ืื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ึทื’. ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜.

ืคืจืื’ืข 1: ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืกืึธืœื•ื•ืข?

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคื™ื™ืกื™ื ื’ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื, ืื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ึทื’. ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืงื•ืงืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื. ืกื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืคึผืœืึธื ื˜ืขืจื˜ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ืกืึทืœื•ื•ื– ื‘ืื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ืกืงื•ื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ืึธ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ืขื ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืขืก, ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคืจืขื’ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืจืื‘ืœืขืžืขืŸ. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืึธื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืึท ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืขืก, ื“ื™ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกืจื•ืคืŸ ืื™ื– ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก.

ืคืจืื’ืข 2: ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคืขืœืŸ ืื™ืš?

ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืืฉื˜ื™ืžื˜ ืึท ืžืขืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืงืฉื™ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืจืึธื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ืคืืจืฉื˜ืื ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื“ื™ ืึทืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื™ึท ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข. ืžืืœ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ืึทืงืข ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึท ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื– ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜ ืขืคึผืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื ืึธื“ืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืขืžืขืฆืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’.

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ื™ื ื•ื•ืขืกืžืึทื ื˜ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืงื™ื™ืœืข. ืื•ืŸ ืึทืžืึธืœ ืื™ืจ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื ื•ื•ืขืกืžืึทื ื˜, ื•ื•ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืขืก ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืงืขืจื˜ ื“ืขื ื‘ืึทืฉืœื•ืก?

ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืฆืขืฉื˜ืขืจืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืึทืœืฅ

ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืขื ื˜ืคึฟืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืืœื•ืช ื•ื•ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืึทืœืœื™ ื•ื•ื™ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš, ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืึทืš: ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืงืขืžืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื ืึทื˜ื•ืจ. ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื•ื• ื‘ื™ื™ืึทืกื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื™ืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™ ืึธืคึผืฉืึทืฆืŸ ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข. ื“ืึธ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ:

  • ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืจืงื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื–ืฉื•ื™ื ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื˜ - ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืื™ื, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืฆื• ืงืขืžืคืŸ ืื™ื. ื ืึธืจ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ืึทืงืฉืœื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขื‘ืขืœืขืš ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ื“ืึทืจืฃ.
  • ื ื™ื™ึทืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืจืงื•ื ื’ โ€” ืคื™ืœืข ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ื˜ืขื ื“ ืฆื• ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืกื˜ืึทืžืึทื˜ ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ื– ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขืืจื‘ืขื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืœืึทื ื’ ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจืขืกื˜ืึทืžืึทืฅ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขื ืขืคื™ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข. ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคึผืจืึธื•ื’ืจืึทืžืขืจื–, ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืกืึทืกืขืคึผื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืงืึทื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื•ื• ืคืึธืจื•ืจื˜ื™ื™ืœ.
  • ื•ื•ื™ืจืงื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ positive ื˜ืฉืึทืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืงืก - ืžื™ืจ ื˜ืขื ื“ ืฆื• ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขืจื–ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืคืขืœื ื“ื™ืง. ื“ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื›ืึทืึธืก ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงืึทืžื‘ื™ื™ื ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืจืงื•ื ื’, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื™ื ื›ืขืจืึทื ื˜ืœื™ ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืœื™ ื ื™ื™ึท ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ืื™ื’ื ืึธืจื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืึธืจื˜ืงืึธืžื™ื ื’ืก..

ืึธื‘ื™ืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ืึทืกืขืกืžืึทื ื˜ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืจื™ื ื’, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืœื™ื™ื™ื ื’ ืงืึทื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื•ื• ื‘ื™ื™ืึทืกื™ื– ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืขืœืคึฟืŸ ืื™ืจ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืžืขืจ ื‘ืึทืจื“ืึทืกื“ื™ืง ื“ื™ืกื™ื–ืฉืึทื ื–.

ืงื™ืฆืขืจ

ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึท ื›ื™ื“ืขืฉ, ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืคืจืื’ืขืก ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื–ืึธืจื’:

  • ื˜ื•ื˜ ื“ืขื ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ึทื’ ืกืึธืœื•ื•ืข ืึท ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื?
  • ืฆื™ ืžื™ืจ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœ-ืึธืคืก ื’ื•ื˜?

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืึทื ืคืึทื“ืึทื ื˜ืœื™ ืขื ื˜ืคึฟืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืคืจืื’ืขืก, ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื˜ืจื™ื˜ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ.

ืื™ื– MongoDB ืืคื™ืœื• ื“ื™ ืจืขื›ื˜ ื‘ืจื™ืจื”? ืึทื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ืึธ; ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ื™ื ื–ืฉืขื ื™ืขืจื™ืข ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ื–, ื“ืึธืก ื“ืขืคึผืขื ื“ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคื™ืœืข ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช. ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืคึฟืจืื’ืŸ, ืคื™ืœืข ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ื•ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ MongoDB ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืืก ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜, ืื™ืš ื”ืึธืคึฟืŸ ืื™ืจ ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ ืึท ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืคื•ืœ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืงื“ื™ืง ืœืขืงืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืžืึธื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื›ื™ื™ืคึผ ืฆื™ืงืœ.

ืึธืคึผืœื™ื™ืงืขื ื•ื ื’

ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจืŸ ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึท ืœื™ื‘ืข ืื“ืขืจ ืึท ื”ืึทืก ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ MongoDB. ืžื™ืจ ื ืึธืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ื“ื™ ืกืึธืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืึทื– MongoDB ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง ืฆื• ืกืึธืœื•ื•ืข. ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ืึทื– 10gen/MongoDB ื™ื ืง. ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื“ืจื™ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ, ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื™ื ืกืึทืงื™ืขืจ ื“ื™ืคืึธืœืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืžืึธื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ MongoDB ืื•ืžืขื˜ื•ื (ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื™ ื”ืึทืงืึทื˜ื”ืึธื ืก) ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœ ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžื™ืกื˜ืึธืžืข ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉืœื•ืก. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืงืึทื ืคืขืจืžื– ื“ืขื ืฆื•ื’ืึทื ื’ ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ื“ืึธ: ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื˜ืขืงื˜ืึทื“ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื“ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืื•ื™ื‘ื ืื•ื™ืคื™ืงืขืจ ืึทืกืกืขืกืกืžืขื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข.

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’